difficulty in understanding the kinect sensor changed event handlers - events

can someone please explain it to me why all these event handlers are always written like this with an += operator
like the below ones
kinectSensorChooser1.KinectSensorChanged += new DependencyPropertyChangedEventHandler(kinectSensorChooser1_KinectSensorChanged);

Because that's how you declare event handlers in C#

Related

RX programming - how to get previous messages from MessageBroker?

I use UniRX (C#) which tries to resemble RXJS and others.
I try to make sure my network-dependent objects initialize after the data arrived.
Some of my objects get created and Subscribe later than MSGPlayerDataLoaded actually fired thus never proceed to OnPlayerDataLoaded.
protected virtual void Awake()
{
MessageBroker.Default.Receive<BaseMessage>().Where(msg => msg.id == GameController.MSGPlayerDataLoaded).Subscribe(msg => OnPlayerDataLoaded());
}
Is it possible to look into the past and grab old events since creation of MessageBroker?
From the documentation of RXJS I suspect that something like withLatestFrom could be of help, but it would need a dummy auxiliary stream that looks hacky.

Project reactor processors v3.X

We are trying to migrate from 2.X to 3.X.
https://github.com/reactor/reactor-core/issues/375
We have used the EventBus as event manager in our application(Low latency FX system) and it works very well for us.
After the change we decided to take every module and create his own processor to handle event.
1. Does this use seems to be correct from your point of view? Because lack of document at the current stage and after reviewing everything we could we don't really know what to do here
2. We have tried to use Flux in order to perform action every X interval
For example: Market is arriving 1000 for 1 second but we want to process an update only 4 time in a second. After upgrading we are using:
Processor with buffer and sending to another method.
In this method we have Flux that get list and try to work in parallel in order to complete his task.
We had 2 major problems:
1. Sometimes we received Null event which we cannot find that our system is sending to i suppose maybe we are miss using the processor
//Definition of processor
ReplayProcessor<Event> classAEventProcessor = ReplayProcessor.create();
//Event handler subscribing
public void onMyEventX(Consumer<Event> consumer) {
Flux<Event> handler = classAEventProcessor .filter(event -> event.getType().equals(EVENT_X));
handler.subscribe(consumer);
}
in the example above the event in the handler sometimes get null.. Once he does the stream stop working until we are restating server(Because only on restart we are doing creating processor)
2.We have tried to us parallel but sometimes some of the message were disappeared so maybe we are misusing the framework
//On constructor
tickProcessor.buffer(1024, Duration.of(250, ChronoUnit.MILLIS)).subscribe(markets ->
handleMarkets(markets));
//Handler
Flux.fromIterable(getListToProcess())
.parallel()
.runOn(Schedulers.parallel())
.doOnNext(entryMap -> {
DoBlockingWork(entryMap);
})
.sequential()
.subscribe();
The intention of this is that the processor will wakeup every 250ms and invoke the handler. The handler will work work with Flux parallel in order to make better and faster processing.
*In case that DoBlockingWork takes more than 250ms i couldn't understand what will be the behavior
UPDATE:
The EventBus was wrapped by us and every event subscribed throw the wrapped event manager.
Now we have tried to create event processor for every module but it works very slow. We have used TopicProcessor with ThreadExecutor and still very slow.. EventBus did the same work in high speed
Anyone has any idea? BTW when i tried to use DirectProcessor it seems to work much better that the TopicProcessor
Reactor 3 is built around the concept that you should avoid blocking as much as you can, so in your second snippet DoBlockingWork doesn't look good.
How are the events generated? Do you maybe have an listener-based asynchronous API to get them? If so, you could try using Flux.create.
For your use case of "we have 1000 events in 1 second, but only want to process 4", I'd chain a sample operator. For instance, sample(Duration.ofMillis(250)) will divide each second into 4 windows, from which it will only emit the last element.
The reference guide is being written, as well as a page where you can find links to external articles and learning material.There's a preview of the WIP reference guide here and the learning resources page here.

What's the right replacement for PostEvent

I'm getting a warning that PostEvent is deprecated and I assume that one is supposed to use PostEventToQueue but it takes two extra parameters and I can't find any documentation on what combination of parameters (one is a queue specification, the other is an event priority) will be equivalent to PostEvent.
PostEventToQueue is for a Carbon Event, not a low-level OS event like PostEvent. If you want to post a keyboard or mouse event, you should use CGEventPost.
Edit to add: To post a mouse down at the current location, I think (untested) that you can do this:
CGEventRef theEvent = CGEventCreate( NULL );
CGEventSetType( theEvent, kCGEventLeftMouseDown );
CGEventPost( theEvent );
CFRelease( theEvent );
I think it'd be reasonable to assume that using the event queue returned by GetMainEventQueue() (or GetCurrentEventQueue if you're on the main thread), and kEventPriorityStandard for the priority, will get you results equivalent to PostEvent.
Be aware, though, that these only affect your own application. Even the old Event Manager probably doesn't have access to an “Operating System event queue” anymore—I wouldn't be surprised if it's just a wrapper around the Carbon Event Manager version. You'd need to switch to CGEvent stuff if you want to post events that can hit other applications.

Why does SetWinEventHook sometimes stop/pause monitoring events?

Starting up a WinEventHook doesn't seem to be working reliably.
What would cause an event hook to only monitor events (or run the identified event proc function) sometimes?
ie. inside an IE8 BHO
HWINEVENTHOOK eHook = ::SetWinEventHook(EVENT_OBJECT_SHOW, EVENT_OBJECT_REORDER
, 0
, MSAALib_WinEventProc
, GetCurrentProcessId(), GetCurrentThreadId()
, WINEVENT_OUTOFCONTEXT );
I've been getting events quite regularly, but after a recent build it doesn't work except when I'm also running MS "Accessible event watcher", stopping and starting the event watcher also stops and starts my event proc being called.
I haven't changed the SetWinEventHook in any recent build so I do not believe this is the cause.
All the other thread/message pumping actions are taking place as expected so I do not believe failure to pump messages on the thread is the cause.
Testing getting reorder events using http://www.quirksmode.org/dom/events/tests/DOMtree.html and adding/removing test elements.
Edit:
Upon further testing it appears the change may have been that I stopped running the "Accessible event watcher" and not the build.
The range of events captured by the event hook without the "Accessible event watcher" appears to be [first, last) or eventMin to eventMax-1 which is not as per the doc SetWinEventHook when starting the "Accessible event watcher" the range changes and appears to be [first,last] so using an eventMax of EVENT_OBJECT_FOCUS seems to get the desired result of seeing EVENT_OBJECT_REORDER.
Is there something I'm missing here, or is the doc just wrong and the event watcher is doing something aswell?

Can someone explain callback/event firing

In a previous SO question it was recommended to me to use callback/event firing instead of polling. Can someone explain this in a little more detail, perhaps with references to online tutorials that show how this can be done for Java based web apps.
Thanks.
The definition of a callback from Wikipedia is:
In computer programming, a callback is
executable code that is passed as an
argument to other code. It allows a
lower-level software layer to call a
subroutine (or function) defined in a
higher-level layer.
In it's very basic form a callback could be used like this (pseudocode):
void function Foo()
{
MessageBox.Show("Operation Complete");
}
void function Bar(Method myCallback)
{
//Perform some operation
//When completed execute the callback method
myCallBack().Invoke();
}
static int Main()
{
Bar(Foo); //Pops a message box when Bar is completed
}
Modern languages like Java and c# have a standardized way of doing this and they call it events. An event is simply a special type of property added to a class that contains a list of Delegates / Method Pointers / Callbacks (all three of these things are the same thing. When the event gets "fired" it simply iterates through it's list of callbacks and executes them. These are also referred to as listeners.
Here's an example
public class Button
{
public event Clicked;
void override OnMouseUp()
{
//User has clicked on the button. Let's notify anyone listening to this event.
Clicked(); //Iterates through all the callbacks in it's list and calls Invoke();
}
}
public class MyForm
{
private _Button;
public Constructor()
{
_Button = new Button();
//Different languages provide different ways of registering listeners to events.
// _Button.Clicked += Button_Clicked_Handler;
// _Button.Clicked.AddListener(Button_Clicked_Handler);
}
public void Button_Clicked_Handler()
{
MessageBox.Show("Button Was Clicked");
}
}
In this example the Button class has an event called Clicked. It allows anyone who wants to be notified when is clicked to register a callback method. In this case the "Button_Clicked_Handler" method would be executed by Clicked event.
Eventing/Callback architecture is very handy whenever you need to be notified that something has occurred elsewhere in the program and you have no direct knowledge of when or how this happens.
This greatly simplifies notification. Polling makes it much more difficult because you are responsible for checking every so often whether or not an operation has completed. A simple polling mechanism would be like this:
static void CheckIfDone()
{
while(!Button.IsClicked)
{
//Sleep
}
//Button has been clicked.
}
The problem is that this particular situation would block your existing thread and have to continue checking until Button.IsClicked is true. The nice thing about eventing architecture is that it is asynchronous and let's the Acting Item (button) notify the listener when it is completed instead of the listener having to keep checking,
The difference between polling and callback/event is simple:
Polling: You are asking, continuously or every fixed amount of time, if some condition is meet, for example, if some keyboard key have been pressed.
Callback: You say to some driver, other code or whatever: When something happens (the keyboard have been pressed in our example), call this function, and you pass it what function you want to be called when the event happens. This way, you can "forget" about that event, knowing that it will be handled correctly when it happens.
Callback is when you pass a function/object to be called/notified when something it cares about happens. This is used a lot in UI - A function is passed to a button that is called whenever the button is pressed, for example.
There are two players involved in this scenario. First you have the "observed" which from time to time does things in which other players are interested. These other players are called "observers". The "observed" could be a timer, the "observers" could be tasks, interested in alarm events.
This "pattern" is described in the book "Design Patterns, Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software" by Gamma, Helm, Johnson and Vlissides.
Two examples:
The SAX parser to parse XML walks
trough an XML file and raises events
each time an element is encountered.
A listener can listen to these
elements and do something with it.
Swing and AWT are based on this
pattern. When the user moves the
mouse, clicks or types something on
the keyboard, these actions are
converted into events. The UI
components listen to these
events and react to them.
Being notified via an event is almost always preferable to polling, especially if hardware is involved and that event originates from a driver issuing a CPU interrupt. In that case, you're not using ANY cpu at all while you wait for some piece of hardware to complete a task.

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