I've got a txt file with several lines, each one describing a remote server, like this:
user#server:port:remote_working_path:whether_using_VPN
The : char separates the 4 fields.
I need to operate batch actions within each server, hence I need to parse each line and set appropriate variables. Right now, what I've coded is this:
while read server;
do
echo "$server" | awk -F ':' '{print $1}' &&
echo "$server" | awk -F ':' '{print $2}' &&
echo "$server" | awk -F ':' '{print $3}'
echo "$VPN"
declare $( echo "$server" | awk -F ':' '{print $VPN=$4}' )
echo 'VPN: '$VPN
done < $CUSTOMER_SERVERS_FILE
This script only prints the first 3 fields, and in my intentions should also set $VPN variable as the 4th field. However this seems way broken, and I'm being unable to fix it. How should I modify it so that $VPN = $4?
First, you don't need to use awk in this case. You could try to use something like :
while IFS=':' read -ra array; do
# "${array[0]}" => first field
# "${array[1]}" => second field
# ...
# "${array[#]}" => all fields
done < "$CUSTOMER_SERVERS_FILE"
Then if you want to set VPN variable with the 4th field, you could use :
while IFS=':' read -ra array; do
# ...
VPN="${array[3]}"
done < "$CUSTOMER_SERVERS_FILE"
Another solution :
while IFS=':' read -r address port path vpn trash; do
# The variables $adress $port $path and $vpn are assigned.
# $trash is set with other fields if there are more than 4 fields
done
Finally, when you want to assign the output of a command in a variable, you could do :
var="$(command)"
# or
var="`command`"
Related
I have a file with the following entries:
foop07_bar2_20190423152612.zip
foop07_bar1_20190423153115.zip
foop08_bar2_20190423152612.zip
foop08_bar1_20190423153115.zip
where
foop0* = host
bar* = fp
I would like to read the file and create 3 variables, the whole file name, host and fp (which stands for file_path_differentiator).
I am using read to take the first line and get my whole file name variable, I though I could then feed this into awk to grab the next two variables, however the first method of variable insertion creates an error and the second gives me all the variables.
I would like to loop each line, as I wish to use these variables to ssh to the host and grab the file
#!/bin/bash
while read -r FILE
do
echo ${FILE}
host=`awk 'BEGIN { FS = "_" } ; { print $1 }'<<<<"$FILE"`
echo ${host}
path=`awk -v var="${FILE}" 'BEGIN { FS = "_" } ; { print $2 }'`
echo ${path}
done <zips_not_received.csv
Expected Result
foop07_bar2_20190423152612.zip
foop07
bar2
foop07_bar1_20190423153115.zip
foop07
bar1
Actual Result
foop07_bar2_20190423152612.zip
/ : No such file or directoryfoop07_bar2_20190423152612.zip
bar2 bar1 bar2 bar1
You can do this alone with bash, without using any external tool.
while read -r file; do
[[ $file =~ (.*)_(.*)_.*\.zip ]] || { echo "invalid file name"; exit 1; }
host="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
path="${BASH_REMATCH[2]}"
echo "$file"
echo "$host"
echo "$path"
done < zips_not_received.csv
typical...
Managed to work a solution after posting...
#!/bin/bash
while read -r FILE
do
echo ${FILE}
host=`echo "$FILE" | awk -F"_" '{print $1}'`
echo $host
path=`echo "$FILE" | awk -F"_" '{print $2}'`
echo ${path}
done <zips_not_received.csv
not sure on the elegance or its correctness as i am using echo to create variable...but i have it working..
Assuming there is no space or _ in your "file name" that are part of the host or path
just separate line before with sed, awk, ... if using default space separator (or use _ as argument separator in batch). I add the remove of empty line value as basic security seeing your sample.
sed 's/_/ /g;/[[:blank:]]\{1,\}/d' zips_not_received.csv \
| while read host path Ignored
do
echo "${host}"
echo "${path}"
done
I need to read a file that has lines like
user=username1
pass=password1
How can I read multiple lines like this into separate variables like username and password?
Would I use awk or grep? I have found ways to read lines into variables with grep but would I need to read the file for each individual item?
The end result is to use these variables to access a database via the command line. So I need to be able to read, store and use these values in other commands.
if the process which generates the file is safe and has shell syntax just source the file.
. ./file
Otherwise the file can be processes before to add quotes
perl -ne 'if (/^([A-Za-z_]\w*)=(.*)/) {$k=$1;$v=$2;$v=~s/\x27/\x27\\\x27\x27/g;print "$k=\x27$v\x27\n";}' <file >file2
. ./file2
If you want to use awk then
Input
$ cat file
user=username1
pass=password1
Reading
$ user=$(awk -F= '$1=="user"{print $2;exit}' file)
$ pass=$(awk -F= '$1=="pass"{print $2;exit}' file)
Output
$ echo $user
username1
$ echo $pass
password1
You could use a loop for your file perhaps, but this is probably the functionality you're looking for.
$ echo 'user=username1' | awk -F= '{print $2}'
username1
Using the -F flag sets the delimiter to = and we select the 2nd item from the row.
file.txt:
user=username1
pass=password1
user=username2
pass=password2
user=username3
pass=password3
Do to avoid browsing several times the file file.txt:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
func () {
echo "user:$1 pass:$2"
}
i=0
while IFS='' read -r line; do
if [ $i -eq 0 ]; then
i=1
user=$(echo ${line} | cut -f2 -d'=')
else
i=0
pass=$(echo ${line} | cut -f2 -d'=')
func "$user" "$pass"
fi
done < file.txt
Output:
user:username1 pass:password1
user:username2 pass:password2
user:username3 pass:password3
In a shell script I need to assign the output of few values to different varialbes, need help please.
cat file1.txt
uid: user1
cn: User One
employeenumber: 1234567
absJobAction: HIRED
I need to assign the value of each attribute to different variables so that I can call them them in script. For example uid should be assigned to a new variable name current_uid and when $current_uid is called it should give user1 and so forth for all other attributes.
And if the output does not contain any of the attributes then that attribute value should be considered as "NULL". Example if the output does not have absJobAction then the value of $absJobAction should be "NULL"
This is what I did with my array
#!/bin/bash
IFS=$'\n'
array=($(cat /tmp/file1.txt | egrep -i '^uid:|^cn:|^employeenumber|^absJobAction'))
current_uid=`echo ${array[0]} | grep -w uid | awk -F ': ' '{print $2}'`
current_cn=`echo ${array[1]} | grep -w cn | awk -F ': ' '{print $2}'`
current_employeenumber=`echo ${array[2]} | grep -w employeenumber | awk -F ': ' '{print $2}'`
current_absJobAction=`echo ${array[3]} | grep -w absJobAction | awk -F ': ' '{print $2}'`
echo $current_uid
echo $current_cn
echo $current_employeenumber
echo $current_absJobAction
Output from sh /tmp/testscript.sh follows:
user1
User One
1234567
HIRED
#!/usr/bin/env bash
# assuming bash 4.0 or newer: create an associative array
declare -A vars=( )
while IFS= read -r line; do ## See http://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashFAQ/001
if [[ $line = *": "* ]]; then ## skip lines not containing ": "
key=${line%%": "*} ## strip everything after ": " for key
value=${line#*": "} ## strip everything before ": " for value
vars[$key]=$value
else
printf 'Skipping unrecognized line: <%s>\n' "$line" >&2
fi
done <file1.txt # or < <(ldapsearch ...)
# print all variables read, just to demonstrate
declare -p vars >&2
# extract and print a single variable by name
echo "Variable uid has value ${vars[uid]}"
Note that this must be run with bash yourscript, not sh yourscript.
By the way -- if you don't have bash 4.0, you might consider a different approach:
while IFS= read -r line; do
if [[ $line = *": "* ]]; then
key=${line%%": "*}
value=${line#*": "}
printf -v "ldap_$key" %s "$value"
fi
done <file1.txt # or < <(ldapsearch ...)
will create separate variables of the form "$ldap_cn" or "$ldap_uid", as opposed to putting everything in a single associative array.
Here's a simple example of what you are trying to do that should get you started. It assumes 1 set of data in the file. Although a tad brute-force, I believe its easy to understand.
Given a file called file.txt in the current directory with the following contents (absJobAction intentionally left out):
$ cat file1.txt
uid: user1
cn: User One
employeenumber: 1234567
$
This script gets each value into a local variable and prints it out:
# Use /bin/bash to run this script
#!/bin/bash
# Make SOURCEFILE a readonly variable. Make it uppercase to show its a constant. This is the file the LDAP values come from.
typeset -r SOURCEFILE=./file1.txt
# Each line sets a variable using awk.
# -F is the field delimiter. It's a colon and a space.
# Next is the value to look for. ^ matches the start of the line.
# When the above is found, return the second field ($2)
current_uid="$(awk -F': ' '/^uid/ {print $2}' ${SOURCEFILE})"
current_cn="$(awk -F': ' '/^cn/ {print $2}' ${SOURCEFILE})"
current_enbr="$(awk -F': ' '/^employeenumber/ {print $2}' ${SOURCEFILE})"
current_absja="$(awk -F': ' '/^absJobAction/ {print $2}' ${SOURCEFILE})"
# Print the contents of the variables. Note since absJobAction was not in the file,
# it's value is NULL.
echo "uid: ${current_uid}"
echo "cn: ${current_cn}"
echo "EmployeeNumber: ${current_enbr}"
echo "absJobAction: ${current_absja}"
~
When run:
$ ./test.sh
uid: user1
cn: User One
EmployeeNumber: 1234567
absJobAction:
$
I have a file with contents:
abc|r=1,f=2,c=2
abc|r=1,f=2,c=2;r=3,f=4,c=8
I want a result like below:
abc|r=1,f=2,c=2|1
abc|r=1,f=2,c=2;r=3,f=4,c=8|1
abc|r=1,f=2,c=2;r=3,f=4,c=8|3
The third column value is r value. A new line would be inserted for each occurrence.
I have tried with:
for i in `cat $xxxx.txt`
do
#echo $i
live=$(echo $i | awk -F " " '{print $1}')
home=$(echo $i | awk -F " " '{print $2}')
echo $live
done
but is not working properly. I am a beginner to sed/awk and not sure how can I use them. Can someone please help on this?
awk to the rescue!
$ awk -F'[,;|]' '{c=0;
for(i=2;i<=NF;i++)
if(match($i,/^r=/)) a[c++]=substr($i,RSTART+2);
delim=substr($0,length($0))=="|"?"":"|";
for(i=0;i<c;i++) print $0 delim a[i]}' file
abc|r=1,f=2,c=2|1
abc|r=1,f=2,c=2;r=3,f=4,c=8|1
abc|r=1,f=2,c=2;r=3,f=4,c=8|3
Use an inner routine (made up of GNU grep, sed, and tr) to compile a second more elaborate sed command, the output of which needs further cleanup with more sed. Call the input file "foo".
sed -n $(grep -no 'r=[0-9]*' foo | \
sed 's/^[0-9]*/&s#.*#\&/;s/:r=/|/;s/.*/&#p;/' | \
tr -d '\n') foo | \
sed 's/|[0-9|]*|/|/'
Output:
abc|r=1,f=2,c=2|1
abc|r=1,f=2,c=2;r=3,f=4,c=8|1
abc|r=1,f=2,c=2;r=3,f=4,c=8|3
Looking at the inner sed code:
grep -no 'r=[0-9]*' foo | \
sed 's/^[0-9]*/&s#.*#\&/;s/:r=/|/;s/.*/&#p;/' | \
tr -d '\n'
It's purpose is to parse foo on-the-fly (when foo changes, so will the output), and in this instance come up with:
1s#.*#&|1#p;2s#.*#&|1#p;2s#.*#&|3#p;
Which is almost perfect, but it leaves in old data on the last line:
sed -n '1s#.*#&|1#p;2s#.*#&|1#p;2s#.*#&|3#p;' foo
abc|r=1,f=2,c=2|1
abc|r=1,f=2,c=2;r=3,f=4,c=8|1
abc|r=1,f=2,c=2;r=3,f=4,c=8|1|3
...which old data |1 is what the final sed 's/|[0-9|]*|/|/' removes.
Here is a pure bash solution. I wouldn't recommend actually using this, but it might help you understand better how to work with files in bash.
# Iterate over each line, splitting into three fields
# using | as the delimiter. (f3 is only there to make
# sure a trailing | is not included in the value of f2)
while IFS="|" read -r f1 f2 f3; do
# Create an array of variable groups from $f2, using ;
# as the delimiter
IFS=";" read -a groups <<< "$f2"
for group in "${groups[#]}"; do
# Get each variable from the group separately
# by splitting on ,
IFS=, read -a vars <<< "$group"
for var in "${vars[#]}"; do
# Split each assignment on =, create
# the variable for real, and quit once we
# have found r
IFS== read name value <<< "$var"
declare "$name=$value"
[[ $name == r ]] && break
done
# Output the desired line for the current value of r
printf '%s|%s|%s\n' "$f1" "$f2" "$r"
done
done < $xxxx.txt
Changes for ksh:
read -A instead of read -a.
typeset instead of declare.
If <<< is a problem, you can use a here document instead. For example:
IFS=";" read -A groups <<EOF
$f2
EOF
I have a shell script and a common configuration file where all the generic path, username and other values are stored. I want to get the value from this configuration file while I am running the sh script.
example:
sample.conf
pt_user_name=>xxxx
pt_passwd=>Junly#2014
jrnl_source_folder=>x/y/v
pt_source_folder=>/x/y/r/g
css_source_folder=>/home/d/g/h
Now i want get some thing like this in my sh script.
cd $css_source_folder
this command inside the shell script should take me to the location d/g/h while the script is running.
Is there any way to achieve this other than with grep and awk??
Thanks
Rinu
If you want to read from conf file everytime then grep and cut might help you,
suppose you need value for css_source_folder property
prop1="css_source_folder" (I am assuming you know property name whose value you want)
value_of_prop1=`grep $prop1 sample.conf| cut -f2 -d "=" | cut -f2 -d ">"`
like,
[db2inst2#pegdb2 ~]$ vi con.conf
[db2inst2#pegdb2 ~]$ grep css_source_folder con.conf
css_source_folder=>/home/d/g/h
[db2inst2#pegdb2 ~]$ value=`grep css_source_folder con.conf | cut -f2 -d "="`
[db2inst2#pegdb2 ~]$ echo $value
>/home/d/g/h
[db2inst2#pegdb2 ~]$ value=`grep css_source_folder con.conf | cut -f2 -d "=" | cut -f2 -d ">"`
[db2inst2#pegdb2 ~]$ echo $value
/home/d/g/h
If you want to read all properties at once, then apply loop and this will solve the purpose
Yes, you can get the configuration names and values relatively simple and associate them through array indexes. Reading your config can be done like this:
#!/bin/bash
test -r "$1" || { echo "error: unable to read conf file [$1]\n"; exit 1; }
declare -a tag
declare -a data
let index=0
while read line || test -n "$line"; do
tag[index]="${line%%\=*}"
data[index]="${line##*\>}"
((index++))
done < "$1"
for ((i=0; i<${#tag[#]}; i++)); do
printf " %18s %s\n" "${tag[$i]}" "${data[$i]}"
done
After reading the config file, you then have the config name tags and config values stored in the arrays tag and value, respectively:
pt_user_name xxxx
pt_passwd Junly#2014
jrnl_source_folder x/y/v
pt_source_folder /x/y/r/g
css_source_folder /home/d/g/h
At that point, it is a matter of determining how you will use them, whether as a password or as a directory. You may have to write a couple of functions, but the basic function of given a tag, get the correct data can be done like this:
function getvalue {
test -n "$1" || { echo "error in getvalue, no data supplied"; return 1; }
for ((i=0; i<${#tag[#]}; i++)); do
if test "$1" = "${tag[$i]}"; then
echo " eval cmd ${data[$i]}"
return $i
fi
done
return -1
}
echo -e "\nget value for 'jrnl_source_folder'\n"
getvalue "jrnl_source_folder"
The function will return the index of the data value and can execute any command needed. You seem to have directory paths and passwords, so you may need a function for each. To illustrate, the output of the example is:
get value for jrnl_source_folder
eval cmd x/y/v
You can also use an associative array in later versions of BASH to store the tag and data in a single associative array. You may also be able to use indirect references on the tag and data values to process them. I simply took the straight forward approach in the example.
Try this eval $(awk -F'=>' '{print $1"=\""$2"\";"}' sample.conf):
EX:
eval $(awk -F'=>' '{print $1"=\""$2"\";"}' sample.conf); echo $pt_user_name
xxxx
Using sed :
eval $(sed -re 's/=>/="/g' -e 's/$/";/g' sample.conf); echo $pt_passwd
Junly#2014
Using perl :
eval $(perl -F'=>' -alne 'print "$F[0]=\"$F[1]\";"' sample.conf); echo $pt_source_folder
/x/y/r/g
Using tr :
eval $(tr -d '>' <sample.conf); echo "$css_source_folder"
/home/d/g/h
PS. Using tr blindly to remove > may cause undesirable results depending on the content of sample.conf, but for the one provided works fine.