I have a directory structure like this in my CentOS:
dir1
dir2
dir3
...
Now, I would like to create in each dirN folder a sub-folder named converted. I tried with:
> find . -maxdepth 1 -type d -execdir mkdir converted {} +
But without success. Could anybody help?
TCLSH VERSION:
find . -maxdepth 1 -type d -exec mkdir -p \{\}/converted \;
You have to escape the curly braces with "\".
BASH VERSION:
Fist login into BASH:
bash --login
then perform the command:
sudo find . -maxdepth 1 -type d -exec mkdir -p {}/converted \;
What worked out for me.
But it also creates the folder converted on top of those directories.
Also are you in the specific folder where you want to create those sub dirs?
If not please navigate first into the folder or change the find command params like so:
sudo find /PATH/TO/YOUR/DIR -maxdepth 1 -type d -exec mkdir -p {}/converted \;
IF you really want to stick to tclsh:
Optional:
This is just my opinion:
You should really use BASH or ZSH for your daily sysadmin/programming work.
If you want to change the $SHELL type in:
sudo chsh
Another way:
bash
for i in dir*; do [ -d "$i" ] || continue; mkdir "$i"/converted; done
Related
I have a directory called "cdrs-roaming". Everyday I receive one or more .zip files and unzip them with this:
#!/bin/bash
for i in *.zip
do
j=${i//\.zip/}
mkdir $j
cd $j
unzip ../$i
cd -
done
Then I have for example:
"example1.zip" and "example1"; "example2.zip" and "example2"
I'm removing all zip files (in this case: "example1.zip" and "example2.zip") with this:
#! /bin/bash
find /dados/cdrs-roaming/*.zip -mtime +1 -exec rm {} \;
So I want to remove the directories (or folders - I really don't know the difference) "example1" and "example2". I've tried this:
#! /bin/bash
find /dados/cdrs-roaming/ -type d -mtime +1 -exec rm -rf {} \;
But it also removes "cdrs-roaming". I've also tried to use:
find /cdrs-roaming/ -type d -mtime +1 -exec rm -rf {} \;
But it returns: find: ‘/cdrs-roaming/’: No such file or directory
Any idea for doing this? I need to delete only the directories within "cdrs-roaming" but I can't remove anything else inside it (my .sh files are inside of it)
Since you are using bash, how about
rm -rf /dados/cdrs-roaming/*/
The final slash ensures that bash only expands the pattern to directories.
Use -mindepth 1 option:
find /dados/cdrs-roaming/ -mindepth 1 -type d -mtime +1 -exec rm -rf {} \;
Here's what I am trying to achieve:
find .. -type d -depth 1 \( -exec cd "{}" \; -exec touch abc \; \)
I find that the 'cd' part of the command is not working, I get the file 'abc' in the current folder and not in the children folders
how can I execute the command inside the folders found?
To clarify, following Dibery's comment: I need to be able to cd to each folder to execute more complex commands (touch was an example)
I'm on MacOS if it makes a difference
The command cd cannot be used with -exec in find because cd is a shell built-in (you can check this with type cd) rather than an executable (i.e., there's no such executable /usr/bin/cd). In your case, you may corporate the folder name into the touch command as:
find .. -type d -depth 1 -exec touch "{}/abc" \;
Or using git as you requested (the -C option allows you to run git as if you were in that directory):
find .. -type d -depth 1 -exec git -C "{}" some_git_action \;
Even without find:
for i in ../*/; do cd "$i"; some_cmd; cd -; done
cd to that directory and use cd - to go back to the original position, and adding the trailing / will make the asterisk expand to only the directories.
If diberys' comment isn't sufficient, you can pipe the find to a while loop as such:
find . -maxdepth 1 -type d | while read -r dir; do
cd $dir
touch some_file.txt
cd -
done
You can use a shell loop and run your commands in a subshell so you don't have to change directory back again:
for d in ./*/; do (
cd "$d"
touch foo # Or whatever you want
)
done
Alternatively, to get your find command to work, you could start a subshell for each directory:
find -maxdepth 1 -type d -exec bash -c 'cd "$1"; touch bar' _ {} \;
Where again, touch bar can be something arbitrarily complex.
At the simplest, if I execute
find . -type f -exec cp {} /new/path/{}
The path that is expanded is /new/path/./path/to/file. I would like to remove that ./ that is prefixed by the find command before I use {} in the exec.
I am using the builtin Freebsd find, but I do have access to gnufind if that will help (though I do not normally use gnufind).
Where you will have a problem is when find descends into subdirectories, and it tries to exec something like cp ./foo/bar.txt /new/path/./foo/bar.txt and "/new/path" has no subdirectory "foo" -- you might want to:
specify -maxdepth 1 so you do not descend into subdirs
find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -exec cp {} /new/path/{} \;
just use a directory destination for cp, so the files end up in a single dir (will suffer from collisions if you have "./foo/bar.txt" and "./qux/bar.txt")
find . -type f -exec cp -t /new/path {} +
use tar to copy the whole tree: this will preserve directory structure
tar cf - . | ( cd /new/path && tar xvf - )
I cannot delete folder created by php mkdir
for I in `echo $*`
do
find $I -type f -name "sess_*" -exec rm -f {} \;
find $I -type f -name "*.bak" -exec rm -f {} \;
find $I -type f -name "Thumbs.db" -exec rm -f {} \;
find $I -type f -name "error.log" -exec sh -c 'echo -n > "{}"' -f {} \;
find $I -type f -path "*/cache/*" -name "*.*" -exec rm -f {} \;
find $I -path "*/uploads/*" -exec rm -rdf {} \;
done
I want to delete under /uploads/ all files and folders please help me thanks...
You should consider changing your find command to use the -o pragma to join your conditions together as the final exec is basically the same. This will avoid recursing the file system repeatedly.
The other answers address your concern about php mkdir. I'll just add that it has nothing to do with the fact it was created with php mkdir rather than any other code or command. It is due to the ownership and permissions.
I think this is most likely because php is running in apache or another http server under a different user than you are invoking the bash script. Or perhaps the files uploaded in uploads/ are owned by the http server's user and not the user invoking it.
Make sure that you run the bash script under the same user as your http server.
To find out which user owns which file do:
ls -l
If you run you bash script as root, you should be able to delete it anyway, but that is not recommended.
Update
To run it as root for nautilus script use the following as your nautilus script:
gksudo runmydeletescript
Then put all the other code into another file with the same path as whatever you have put for runmydeletescript and run chmod +x on it. This is extremely dangerous!
You should probably add -depth to the command to delete sub-directories of upload before the directory itself.
I worry about the -path but I'm not familiar with it.
Also consider using + instead of \; to reduce the number of commands executed.
How do I write a bash script that goes through each directory inside a parent_directory and executes a command in each directory.
The directory structure is as follows:
parent_directory (name could be anything - doesnt follow a pattern)
001 (directory names follow this pattern)
0001.txt (filenames follow this pattern)
0002.txt
0003.txt
002
0001.txt
0002.txt
0003.txt
0004.txt
003
0001.txt
the number of directories is unknown.
This answer posted by Todd helped me.
find . -maxdepth 1 -type d \( ! -name . \) -exec bash -c "cd '{}' && pwd" \;
The \( ! -name . \) avoids executing the command in current directory.
You can do the following, when your current directory is parent_directory:
for d in [0-9][0-9][0-9]
do
( cd "$d" && your-command-here )
done
The ( and ) create a subshell, so the current directory isn't changed in the main script.
You can achieve this by piping and then using xargs. The catch is you need to use the -I flag which will replace the substring in your bash command with the substring passed by each of the xargs.
ls -d */ | xargs -I {} bash -c "cd '{}' && pwd"
You may want to replace pwd with whatever command you want to execute in each directory.
If you're using GNU find, you can try -execdir parameter, e.g.:
find . -type d -execdir realpath "{}" ';'
or (as per #gniourf_gniourf comment):
find . -type d -execdir sh -c 'printf "%s/%s\n" "$PWD" "$0"' {} \;
Note: You can use ${0#./} instead of $0 to fix ./ in the front.
or more practical example:
find . -name .git -type d -execdir git pull -v ';'
If you want to include the current directory, it's even simpler by using -exec:
find . -type d -exec sh -c 'cd -P -- "{}" && pwd -P' \;
or using xargs:
find . -type d -print0 | xargs -0 -L1 sh -c 'cd "$0" && pwd && echo Do stuff'
Or similar example suggested by #gniourf_gniourf:
find . -type d -print0 | while IFS= read -r -d '' file; do
# ...
done
The above examples support directories with spaces in their name.
Or by assigning into bash array:
dirs=($(find . -type d))
for dir in "${dirs[#]}"; do
cd "$dir"
echo $PWD
done
Change . to your specific folder name. If you don't need to run recursively, you can use: dirs=(*) instead. The above example doesn't support directories with spaces in the name.
So as #gniourf_gniourf suggested, the only proper way to put the output of find in an array without using an explicit loop will be available in Bash 4.4 with:
mapfile -t -d '' dirs < <(find . -type d -print0)
Or not a recommended way (which involves parsing of ls):
ls -d */ | awk '{print $NF}' | xargs -n1 sh -c 'cd $0 && pwd && echo Do stuff'
The above example would ignore the current dir (as requested by OP), but it'll break on names with the spaces.
See also:
Bash: for each directory at SO
How to enter every directory in current path and execute script? at SE Ubuntu
If the toplevel folder is known you can just write something like this:
for dir in `ls $YOUR_TOP_LEVEL_FOLDER`;
do
for subdir in `ls $YOUR_TOP_LEVEL_FOLDER/$dir`;
do
$(PLAY AS MUCH AS YOU WANT);
done
done
On the $(PLAY AS MUCH AS YOU WANT); you can put as much code as you want.
Note that I didn't "cd" on any directory.
Cheers,
for dir in PARENT/*
do
test -d "$dir" || continue
# Do something with $dir...
done
While one liners are good for quick and dirty usage, I prefer below more verbose version for writing scripts. This is the template I use which takes care of many edge cases and allows you to write more complex code to execute on a folder. You can write your bash code in the function dir_command. Below, dir_coomand implements tagging each repository in git as an example. Rest of the script calls dir_command for each folder in directory. The example of iterating through only given set of folder is also include.
#!/bin/bash
#Use set -x if you want to echo each command while getting executed
#set -x
#Save current directory so we can restore it later
cur=$PWD
#Save command line arguments so functions can access it
args=("$#")
#Put your code in this function
#To access command line arguments use syntax ${args[1]} etc
function dir_command {
#This example command implements doing git status for folder
cd $1
echo "$(tput setaf 2)$1$(tput sgr 0)"
git tag -a ${args[0]} -m "${args[1]}"
git push --tags
cd ..
}
#This loop will go to each immediate child and execute dir_command
find . -maxdepth 1 -type d \( ! -name . \) | while read dir; do
dir_command "$dir/"
done
#This example loop only loops through give set of folders
declare -a dirs=("dir1" "dir2" "dir3")
for dir in "${dirs[#]}"; do
dir_command "$dir/"
done
#Restore the folder
cd "$cur"
I don't get the point with the formating of the file, since you only want to iterate through folders... Are you looking for something like this?
cd parent
find . -type d | while read d; do
ls $d/
done
you can use
find .
to search all files/dirs in the current directory recurive
Than you can pipe the output the xargs command like so
find . | xargs 'command here'
#!/bin.bash
for folder_to_go in $(find . -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type d \( -name "*" \) ) ;
# you can add pattern insted of * , here it goes to any folder
#-mindepth / maxdepth 1 means one folder depth
do
cd $folder_to_go
echo $folder_to_go "########################################## "
whatever you want to do is here
cd ../ # if maxdepth/mindepath = 2, cd ../../
done
#you can try adding many internal for loops with many patterns, this will sneak anywhere you want
You could run sequence of commands in each folder in 1 line like:
for d in PARENT_FOLDER/*; do (cd "$d" && tar -cvzf $d.tar.gz *.*)); done
for p in [0-9][0-9][0-9];do
(
cd $p
for f in [0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]*.txt;do
ls $f; # Your operands
done
)
done