updating two column from select statement? - oracle

I am trying to update two columns from select statement, but I am getting error message that says
ORA-00927: missing equal sign
Please, can anyone tell me why ?
UPDATE table1 a
SET co1 ,co2 = (SELECT COUNT (*),
sum(cost)/4
FROM table2 b
WHERE a.customer_id = b.cust_info_customer_id
AND tariff_info = 2);

Since you didn't provide any input:
create table table1(
co1 number,
co2 number,
customer_id number
)
insert into table1 values (1,1, 1)
select * from table1
CO1 CO2 CUSTOMER_ID
-------------------
1 1 1
UPDATE table1 a
SET co1 = (
with table2 as (
select level cost, 1 cust_info_customer_id from dual connect by rownum < 5
)
SELECT COUNT (*)
FROM table2 b
WHERE a.customer_id = b.cust_info_customer_id
)
, co2 = (
with table2 as (
select level cost, 1 cust_info_customer_id from dual connect by rownum < 5
)
SELECT sum(cost)/4
FROM table2 b
WHERE a.customer_id = b.cust_info_customer_id
)
select * from table1
CO1 CO2 CUSTOMER_ID
-------------------
4 2.5 1

Related

Oracle How to make SELECT INSIDE A SELECT work?

Just wondering why the following select isn't working:
SELECT
A.FIELD1
, (SELECT PCN FROM (select B.PRIORITY, B.PCN
from
TABLE2 B
WHERE B.CUST= A.CUST
ORDER BY B.PRIORITY)
WHERE ROWNUM = 1) AS PCN
FROM TABLE1 A;
ERROR at line 2: ORA-00904: "A"."CUST": invalid identifier
Important to mention:
TABLE1 has as fields FIELD1, CUST.
TABLE2 has as fields PCN, PRIORITY, CUST.
Thanks in advance.
Your query shouldn't give you that error message, on when you remove the outer qiery this would happen
CREATE tABLE TABLE1 (FIELD1 int, CUST int)
INSERT INTO TABLE1 VALUES(1,1)
1 rows affected
CREATE TABLE TABLE2 (PCN int, PRIORITY int, CUST int)
INSERT INTO TABLE2 VALUES (1,1,1)
1 rows affected
SELECT
A.FIELD1
, (SELECT PCN FROM (select B.PRIORITY, B.PCN
from
TABLE2 B
WHERE B.CUST= A.CUST
ORDER BY B.PRIORITY)
WHERE ROWNUM = 1) AS PCN
FROM TABLE1 A;
FIELD1
PCN
1
1
fiddle
You can't nest inline selects (more than one level) without losing the ability of the inner nested selects being able to reference the parent block. So your query on TABLE2 cannot see the columns from TABLE1 because of this nesting.
Try this:
SELECT a.field1,
pcn.pcn
FROM table1 a,
(SELECT b.cust,
b.priority,
b.pcn,
ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY b.cust ORDER BY b.priority DESC) seq
FROM table2 b) pcn
WHERE a.cust = pcn.cust(+)
AND pcn.seq(+) = 1
That will work well for report queries. If you end up adding a filter on a specific customer, then you would be better off using OUTER APPLY if you have a recent-enough version of Oracle that supports that.
You could try this:
SELECT
A.FIELD1
, (SELECT B.PCN
from
TABLE2 B
WHERE B.CUST= A.CUST
ORDER BY B.PRIORITY
FETCH FIRST 1 ROWS ONLY) AS PCN
FROM TABLE1 A;
FETCH FIRST 1 ROWS ONLY gets you the first ordered record. Works on 12c and up and supports nesting, and no 2nd subquery needed.
Yet another option might be a CTE.
Sample data:
SQL> with
2 table1 (field1, cust) as
3 (select 1, 100 from dual union all
4 select 2, 200 from dual
5 ),
6 table2 (pcn, priority, cust) as
7 (select 10, 1, 100 from dual union all
8 select 20, 2, 100 from dual union all
9 select 30, 1, 200 from dual
10 ),
Query begins here. Rank rows by priority, and then fetch the ones that rank as the highest (line #20):
11 temp as
12 (select a.field1,
13 b.pcn,
14 rank() over (partition by a.field1 order by b.priority desc) rnk
15 from table1 a join table2 b on a.cust = b.cust
16 )
17 select field1,
18 pcn
19 from temp
20 where rnk = 1;
FIELD1 PCN
---------- ----------
1 20
2 30
SQL>
You may use first aggregate function to achieve the same (assuming that you have completely deterministic order by) functionality without nested subquery:
select
a.field1
, (
select max(b.pcn) keep(dense_rank first order by b.priority)
from table2 b
where b.cust = a.cust
) as pcn
from table1 a
which for this sample data
insert into table1 values(1,1);
insert into table1 values(2,2);
insert into table2 values(1,1,1);
insert into table2 values(2,2,1)
returns
FIELD1
PCN
1
1
2
(null)
SQL fiddle

Oracle adding a subquery in a CTE

I have the following setup, which works fine and generates output as expected.
I'm trying to add the locations subquery into the CTE so my output will have a random location_id for each row.
The subquery is straight forward and should work but I am getting syntax errors when I try to place it into the 'data's CTE. I was hoping someone could help me out.
CREATE TABLE employees(
employee_id NUMBER(6),
emp_name VARCHAR2(30)
);
INSERT INTO employees(
employee_id,
emp_name
) VALUES
(1, 'John Doe');
INSERT INTO employees(
employee_id,
emp_name
) VALUES
(2, 'Jane Smith');
INSERT INTO employees(
employee_id,
emp_name
) VALUES
(3, 'Mike Jones');
CREATE TABLE locations AS
SELECT level AS location_id,
'Door ' || level AS location_name
FROM dual
CONNECT BY level <=
with rws as (
select level rn from dual connect by level <= 5 ),
data as ( select e.*,round (dbms_random.value(1,5)
) n from employees e)
select employee_id,
emp_name,
trunc (sysdate) + dbms_random.value (0, 5) AS random_date
from rws
join data d on rn <= n
order by employee_id;
-- trying to make this work
with rws as ( select level rn from dual connect by level <= 5 ),
data as ( select e.*, loc.location_id = (
select location_id
from locations order by dbms_random.value()
fetch first 1 row only
),
round (dbms_random.value(1,5)
) n from employees e )
select employee_id,
emp_name,
trunc (sysdate) + dbms_random.value (0, 5) AS random_date
from rws
join data d on rn <= n
order by employee_id;
You need to alias the subquery column expression, rather than trying to assign it to a [variable] name. So instead of this:
with rws as ( select level rn from dual connect by level <= 5 ),
data as ( select e.*, loc.location_id = (
select location_id
from locations order by dbms_random.value()
fetch first 1 row only
),
round (dbms_random.value(1,5)
) n from employees e )
you would do this:
with rws as (
select level rn
from dual
connect by level <= 5
),
data as (
select e.*,
(
select location_id
from locations
order by dbms_random.value()
fetch first 1 row only
) as location_id,
round (dbms_random.value(1,5)) as n
from employees e
)
db<>fiddle
But yes, you'll get the same location_id for each row, which probably isn't what you want.
There are probably better ways to avoid it (or to approach whatever you're actually trying to achieve) but one option is to force the subquery to be correlated by adding something like:
where location_id != -1 * e.employee_id
db<>fiddle
although that might be expensive. It's probably worth asking a new question about that specific aspect.
I am getting the same location_id for every employee_id, which I don't want either.
The subquery is in the wrong place then; move it to the main query, and correlate against both ID and n:
with rws as (
select level rn
from dual
connect by level <= 5
),
data as (
select e.*,
round (dbms_random.value(1,5)) as n
from employees e
)
select d.employee_id,
d.emp_name,
(
select location_id
from locations
where location_id != -1 * d.employee_id * d.n
order by dbms_random.value()
fetch first 1 row only
) as location_id,
trunc (sysdate) + dbms_random.value (0, 5) AS random_date
from rws r
join data d on r.rn <= d.n
order by d.employee_id;
db<>fiddle
Or move the location part to a new CTE, I suppose, with its own row number; and join that on one of your other generated values.

Oracle update invalid identifier on Update

I get an 'invalid identifier' exception when I run the next script.
As I have seen on this link it should work.
It cannot reference to the 'a2' table under the secound selection, but it should update the row with the related value.
update auto a2 set uuid =
(select uuid from (
select c.uuid, c.pk from color c
join sit s on s.pk = c.sit_fk
--where s.auto_fk = auto.pk
join auto m on m.pk = s.auto_fk
where m.pk = a2.pk
group by c.pk, c.uuid
order by c.pk desc
)
where rownum = 1)
Reference the a2 alias in the outer level of the correlated query, rather than the nested level.
SQL Fiddle
Oracle 11g R2 Schema Setup:
CREATE TABLE auto ( pk, uuid ) AS
SELECT 1, 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 2, 2 FROM DUAL;
CREATE TABLE color ( pk, uuid, sit_fk ) AS
SELECT 1, 2, 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 2, 1, 2 FROM DUAL;
CREATE TABLE sit ( pk, auto_fk ) AS
SELECT 1, 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 2, 2 FROM DUAL;
Query 1:
update auto a2 set uuid =
(select uuid from (
select c.uuid, c.pk, m.pk AS apk from color c
join sit s on s.pk = c.sit_fk
--where s.auto_fk = auto.pk
join auto m on m.pk = s.auto_fk
group by m.pk, c.pk, c.uuid
order by m.pk, c.pk desc
)
where rownum = 1
and a2.pk = apk
)
Results:
Query 2:
SELECT *
FROM auto
Results:
| PK | UUID |
|----|------|
| 1 | 2 |
| 2 | 1 |

oracle sql update with sub select

I want to update 1 field of the last 2 rows of a table. So I need a subquery.
Both sql works - how can I combine these 2 SQL commands?
select command (works, last 2 rows):
SELECT * FROM (select * from mytable WHERE id='62741' ORDER BY lfdnr DESC) mytable2 WHERE rownum <= 2;
Result:
LFDNR ID M2
361782 62741 8,5
361774 62741 8,6
Update (?, exists, in, merge ?)
UPDATE mytable set m2='8,4' WHERE EXISTS (select * from mytable WHERE id='62741' and rownum <=2 ORDER BY lfdnr DESC);
Result:
Fehlerbericht -
SQL-Fehler: ORA-00907: missing right parenthesis
00907. 00000 - "missing right parenthesis"
*Cause:
*Action:
Thank you for helping me!
Michael
You could use rowid pseudocolumn:
update mytable set m2 = '8, 4'
where rowid in (select rowid
from (
select rowid, row_number() over (order by lfdnr desc) rn
from mytable where id = '62741')
where rn <= 2 )
Test:
create table mytable (id varchar2(5), lfdnr number(5), m2 varchar2(10));
insert into mytable values ('62705', 1, 'abc');
insert into mytable values ('62741', 2, 'xyz');
insert into mytable values ('62741', 3, 'qwe');
insert into mytable values ('62741', 4, 'rty');
ID LFDNR M2
----- ------ ----------
62705 1 abc
62741 2 xyz
62741 3 8, 4
62741 4 8, 4

How to put 2 rows returned from a query into into 2 columns of a single row in Oracle sql

I run a query that returns 2 rows
SELECT a FROM TABLE-A WHERE condition=something;
row1 Value1
row2 Value2
Now, I want to put it in a new table in 2 columns of a single row
SELECT column1, column2 FROM TABLE-B WHERE condition=something;
row1 column1 column2
value1 value2
Can you please help me with this?
It is unclear how you want to pick which row goes into which column - here are a couple of options:
SELECT MIN( a ) AS minimum_value,
MAX( a ) AS maximum_value
FROM table_a
WHERE 1=1;
or
SELECT MAX( a ) KEEP ( DENSE_RANK FIRST ORDER BY ROWNUM ) AS first_value,
MAX( a ) KEEP ( DENSE_RANK LAST ORDER BY ROWNUM ) AS last_value
FROM table_a
WHERE 1=1;
or
SELECT *
FROM ( SELECT a, ROWNUM AS rn FROM table_a WHERE 1=1 )
PIVOT ( MAX(a) FOR rn IN ( 1 AS first_value, 2 AS second_value ) );

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