CryptGetUserKey function fails with no errors - winapi

I've been playing around with CryptoAPI and everything was fine.
I've imported .PFX to the certificate store, got context, got CSP handle. Every function I've been using I've checked for the mistakes with GetLastError function. But when I'd called CryptGetUserKey with three arguments which are hCryptProv, dwKeySpec and pointer to UserKey, I got an error, but GetLastError call didn't show me anything but a random value like 2148073485 that means nothing I suppose.
How can I find out what is wrong?
OS - Windows 7 32b HP;
Programming language - C++;
IDE - MSVS2013 Ultimate.

GetLastError call didn't show me anything but a random value like 2148073485 that means nothing I suppose.
You fail WINAPI forever. It took me like five seconds to launch Calc.exe and convert it to hex: 8009000D, which looks like a perfectly valid error HRESULT.
Let's take some time to analyze it a bit more:
8 is ERROR.
9 is not 7, meaning it's not a regular Win32 error. A search in Visual C++ headers tells me 9 is FACILITY_SSPI.
If I search 8009000D in Visual C++ headers, I get this line:
#define NTE_NO_KEY _HRESULT_TYPEDEF_(0x8009000DL) There, you have it, it's your error: NTE_NO_KEY.
MSDN is rather unhelpful, but Google shows some other questions about the NTE_NO_KEY error, such as this.

Related

OpenEdge Progress-4GL development: how to know from an error message the procedure I'm running?

As stated in previous questions, I'm quite new at Progress-4GL development.
I've just created a windows (*.w file), together with a procedure file (*.p file), which are based on an include file (*.i file).
I've done something wrong and I get an error message, copy-paste reveals the following:
---------------------------
Fout
---------------------------
** Begin positie voor SUBSTRING, OVERLAY, enz. moet 1 of groter zijn. (82)
---------------------------
OK
---------------------------
As you can see, this is the Dutch translation of error 82:
** Starting position for SUBSTRING, OVERLAY, etc. must be 1 or greater. (82)
The SUBSTRING, OVERLAY, etc, functions require that the start position (second argument) be greater than or equal to 1.
P
I'd like to know which procedure/function is launching this error message. I'm working with the AppBuilder release 11.6 and the corresponding procedure editor, so the debugging possibilities are very limited. One thing I'm thinking of, is taking a dump of the Windows process, in order to determine the call stack, but I'm not sure how to do this. I also tried using Process Explorer and check the stack of the individual stacks of the threads inside the "procwin32.exe" process, but I'm not sure how to proceed.
By the way, I'm regularly adding message boxes to my code, which look as follows (just an example):
MESSAGE "begin procedure combobox-value-changed" VIEW-AS ALERT-BOX.
As you see, the name of the procedure is hardcoded, while in other programming languages (like C++) the procedure/function name can be shown as follows:
OUTPUT("begin procedure %s", __FUNCTION__);
Next to __FUNCTION__, C++ also knows __FILE__ (for filename) and __LINE__ (for line number).
Do such predefined values also exist in Progress 4GL, preferably release 11.6 or previous?
As ABL code is not compiled into Windows byte-code a windows debugger will not be really helpful.
You should start by adding the -debugalert startup parameter to prowin/prowin32.exe. Or add this
ASSIGN SESSION:DEBUG-ALERT = TRUE .
That will add a HELP button to all (error) messages which will open a dialog with the ABL stack trace.
As you'Re using include files, be aware that the line numbers referenced in the stack-trace are based on the debug listing, not the actual source code. So execute
COMPILE myfile.w DEBUG-LIST c:\temp\myfile.debuglist .
to receive the debug-listing file with the correct line numbers.
Are you aware of the visual debugger that's available for the AVM? https://docs.progress.com/de-DE/bundle/openedge-abl-troubleshoot-applications-117/page/Introduction.html
%DLC%\bin\proDebugger.bat
Or the Compile -> Debug menu in the AppBuilder.
It looks a bit antique, but usually does it's job.
Debugging needs to be enabled as an Administrator in proenv:
prodebugenable -enable-all
Of course the grass is greener when you switch to Progress Developer Studio as your IDE.
Regarding the second part of your question. See the PROGRAM-NAME function.
message
program-name(1) skip
program-name(2)
.
Additionally see the {} preprocessor name reference.
message 'file: {&file-name} line: {&line-number}'.

VB6 - Regqueryvalueex returns 2 on 64bit machine

the application tries to access the registry key values using advapi.dll regqueryvalueex method which works fine in xp (32-bit) but return 2 on windows 7(64-bit). however regopenkeyex opens the registry keys successfully in both the machines.
tried these below steps already but still couldn't read the registry key values
1. tried running vb 6 ide as admin
2. moved the registry keys to wow64node in regedit
For some reason, you are targeting the advapi.dll library, which was created for 16-bit Windows. I don't know how you are even getting it to work even in Windows XP, since this is a 16-bit only DLL, which will not load into a Win32 process, unless there is some kind of thunking layer.
As for the return value of "2" for RegOpenKeyEx(), the documentation tells you:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms724911%28v=vs.85%29.aspx
Return value
If the function succeeds, the return value is ERROR_SUCCESS.
If the function fails, the return value is a system error code.
If the lpData buffer is too small to receive the data, the function
returns ERROR_MORE_DATA.
If the lpValueName registry value does not exist, the function returns
ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND.
Googling "System error code" gives you: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-gb/library/windows/desktop/ms681382%28v=vs.85%29.aspx
The bit you need is:
ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND
2 (0x2)
The system cannot find the file specified.
It is very likely that if you were trying to use advapi.dll in your declare statement you would get this error when trying to run the API call. Basically, check your declare statements.
Of course, if you could supply your code, we would know for sure, rather than trying to do psychic debugging.

Deallocate Statement Causes Crash

I am working on a code that is crashing. I realized that the compiled program crashes when it is deallocating the variables, but I don't know how to fix it.
When I run the code, a pop-up from Windows appears saying:
main.exe has stopped working.
Windows can check for a solution to the problem.
and the compiler shows the message Process returned -1073740940 (0xC0000374) execution time : 1.171 s
Bellow there is a sample of the code:
Subroutine PoissonCode()
Use Mesh
Implicit none
Real(8), Allocatable :: u(:,:),v(:,:),p(:,:)
Character(50) :: Nome
Allocate(u(0:Imax,0:jmax),v(0:Imax,0:jmax),p(0:Imax,0:jmax),fx(0:Imax,0:jmax),fy(0:Imax,0:jmax))
Allocate(xd(0:Imax),yd(0:Jmax))
........Code Here...............
Deallocate(u,v,p,fx,fy,xd,yd)
Deallocate(xd,yd)
End Subroutine PoissonCode
I put the complete code here for further investigation.
I also tried to run the code with different versions of GFortran in Windows 7 x64 and Windows XP x86 with no success.
Edit:
The correct end of the code is:
...
Deallocate(u,v,p,fx,fy)
Deallocate(xd,yd)
End Subroutine PoissonCode
Up date:
I tested the code with a different compiler (Intel Visual Fortran) and still no success.
D'uhhhh (to all of us)
Deallocate(u,v,p,fx,fy,xd,yd)
Deallocate(xd,yd)
In the second line your program (attempts to) deallocate variables already deallocated in the first line. I suppose that sometimes it pays to read code posted.
deallocate has optional arguments stat and errmsg which can be used to catch this sort of mistake and provide an alternative to the default behaviour which is for the program to crash.

How to debug Erlang code?

I have some Ruby and Java background and I'm accustomed to having exact numbers of lines in the error logs.
So, if there is an error in the compiled code, I will see the number of line which caused the exception in the console output.
Like in this Ruby example:
my_ruby_code.rb:13:in `/': divided by 0 (ZeroDivisionError)
from my_ruby_code.rb:13
It's simple and fast - I just go to the line number 13 and fix the error.
On the contrary, Erlang just says something like:
** exception error: no match of right hand side value [xxxx]
in function my_module:my_fun/1
in call from my_module:other_fun/2
There are no line numbers to look at.
And if I have two lines like
X = Param1,
Y = Param2,
in 'my_fun', how can understand in which line the problem lies?
Additionally, I have tried to switch to Emacs+Elang-mode from Vim, but the only bonus I've got so far is the ability to cycle through compilation errors inside Emacs (C-k `).
So, the process of writing code and seeking for simple logical errors like 'no match of right hand side' seems to be a bit cumbersome.
I have tried to add a lot of "io:format" lines in the code, but it is additional work which takes time.
I have also tried to use distel, but it requires 10 steps to just open a debugger once.
Questions:
What is the most straight and simple way to debug Erlang code?
Does Emacs' erlang-mode has something superior in terms of Erlang development comparing to Vim?
What development 'write-compile-debug' cycle do you prefer? Do you leave Emacs to compile and run the code in the terminal? How do you search for errors in your Erlang code?
Debugging Erlang code can be tricky at times, especially dealing with badmatch errors. In general, two good guidelines to keep are:
Keep functions short
Use return values directly if you can, instead of binding temporary variables (this will give you the benefit of getting function_clause errors etc which are way more informative)
That being said, using the debuggers are usually required to quickly get to the bottom of errors. I recommend to use the command line debugger, dbg, instead of the graphical one, debugger (it's way faster when you know how to use it, and you don't have to context switch from the Erlang shell to a GUI).
Given the sample expression you provided, the case is often that you have more than just variables being assigned to other variables (which is absolutely unnecessary in Erlang):
run(X, Y) ->
X = something(whatever),
Y = other:thing(more_data),
Debugging a badmatch error here is aided by using the command line debugger:
1> dbg:tracer(). % Start the CLI debugger
{ok,<0.55.0>}
2> dbg:p(all, c). % Trace all processes, only calls
{ok,[{matched,nonode#nohost,29}]}
3> dbg:tpl(my_module, something, x). % tpl = trace local functions as well
{ok,[{matched,nonode#nohost,1},{saved,x}]}
4> dbg:tp(other, do, x). % tp = trace exported functions
{ok,[{matched,nonode#nohost,1},{saved,x}]}
5> dbg:tp(my_module, run, x). % x means print exceptions
{ok,[{matched,nonode#nohost,1},{saved,x}]} % (and normal return values)
Look for {matched,_,1} in the return value... if this would have been 0 instead of 1 (or more) that would have meant that no functions matched the pattern. Full documentation for the dbg module can be found here.
Given that both something/1 and other:do/1 always returns ok, the following could happen:
6> my_module:run(ok, ok).
(<0.72.0>) call my_module:run(ok,ok)
(<0.72.0>) call my_module:something(whatever)
(<0.72.0>) returned from my_module:something/1 -> ok
(<0.72.0>) call other:thing(more_data)
(<0.72.0>) returned from other:thing/1 -> ok
(<0.72.0>) returned from my_module:run/2 -> ok
ok
Here we can see the whole call procedure, and what return values were given. If we call it with something we know will fail:
7> my_module:run(error, error).
** exception error: no match of right hand side value ok
(<0.72.0>) call my_module:run(error,error)
(<0.72.0>) call my_module:something(whatever)
(<0.72.0>) returned from my_module:something/1 -> ok
(<0.72.0>) exception_from {my_module,run,2} {error,{badmatch,ok}}
Here we can see that we got a badmatch exception, something/1 was called, but never other:do/1 so we can deduce that the badmatch happened before that call.
Getting proficient with the command line debugger will save you a lot of time, whether you debug simple (but tricky!) badmatch errors or something much more complex.
You can use the Erlang debugger to step through your code and see which line is failing.
From erl, start the debugger with:
debugger:start().
Then you can choose which modules you want to in interpreted mode (required for debugging) using the UI or using the console with ii:
ii(my_module).
Adding breakpoints is done in the UI or console again:
ib(my_module, my_func, func_arity).
Also, in Erlang R15 we'll finally have line number in stack traces!
If you replace your erlang installation with a recent one, you will have line numbers, they were added starting with version 15.
If the new versions are not yet available on your operating system, you could build from source or try to get a packaged version here: http://www.erlang-solutions.com/section/132/download-erlang-otp
You can use "debug_info" at compile time of the file and "debugger"
1> c(test_module, [debug_info]).
{ok, test_module}
2> debugger:start().
More details about how do Debugging in Erlang you can follow by link to video - https://vimeo.com/32724400

Some Windows API calls fail unless the string arguments are in the system memory rather than local stack

We have an older massive C++ application and we have been converting it to support Unicode as well as 64-bits. The following strange thing has been happening:
Calls to registry functions and windows creation functions, like the following, have been failing:
hWnd = CreateSysWindowExW( ExStyle, ClassNameW.StringW(), Label2.StringW(), Style,
Posn.X(), Posn.Y(),
Size.X(), Size.Y(),
hParentWnd, (HMENU)Id,
AppInstance(), NULL);
ClassNameW and Label2 are instances of our own Text class which essentially uses malloc to allocate the memory used to store the string.
Anyway, when the functions fail, and I call GetLastError it returns the error code for "invalid memory access" (though I can inspect and see the string arguments fine in the debugger). Yet if I change the code as follows then it works perfectly fine:
BSTR Label2S = SysAllocString(Label2.StringW());
BSTR ClassNameWS = SysAllocString(ClassNameW.StringW());
hWnd = CreateSysWindowExW( ExStyle, ClassNameWS, Label2S, Style,
Posn.X(), Posn.Y(),
Size.X(), Size.Y(),
hParentWnd, (HMENU)Id,
AppInstance(), NULL);
SysFreeString(ClassNameWS); ClassNameWS = 0;
SysFreeString(Label2S); Label2S = 0;
So what gives? Why would the original functions work fine with the arguments in local memory, but when used with Unicode, the registry function require SysAllocString, and when used in 64-bit, the Windows creation functions also require SysAllocString'd string arguments? Our Windows procedure functions have all been converted to be Unicode, always, and yes we use SetWindowLogW call the correct default Unicode DefWindowProcW etc. That all seems to work fine and handles and draws Unicode properly etc.
The documentation at http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms632679%28v=vs.85%29.aspx does not say anything about this. While our application is massive we do use debug heaps and tools like Purify to check for and clean up any memory corruption. Also at the time of this failure, there is still only one main system thread. So it is not a thread issue.
So what is going on? I have read that if string arguments are marshalled anywhere or passed across process boundaries, then you have to use SysAllocString/BSTR, yet we call lots of API functions and there is lots of code out there which calls these functions just using plain local strings?
What am I missing? I have tried Googling this, as someone else must have run into this, but with little luck.
Edit 1: Our StringW function does not create any temporary objects which might go out of scope before the actual API call. The function is as follows:
Class Text {
const wchar_t* StringW () const
{
return TextStartW;
}
wchar_t* TextStartW; // pointer to current start of text in DataArea
I have been running our application with the debug heap and memory checking and other diagnostic tools, and found no source of memory corruption, and looking at the assembly, there is no sign of temporary objects or invalid memory access.
BUT I finally figured it out:
We compile our code /Zp1, which means byte aligned memory allocations. SysAllocString (in 64-bits) always return a pointer that is aligned on a 8 byte boundary. Presumably a 32-bit ANSI C++ application goes through an API layer to the underlying Unicode windows DLLs, which would also align the pointer for you.
But if you use Unicode, you do not get that incidental pointer alignment that the conversion mapping layer gives you, and if you use 64-bits, of course the situation will get even worse.
I added a method to our Text class which shifts the string pointer so that it is aligned on an eight byte boundary, and viola, everything runs fine!!!
Of course the Microsoft people say it must be memory corruption and I am jumping the wrong conclusion, but there is evidence it is not the case.
Also, if you use /Zp1 and include windows.h in a 64-bit application, the debugger will tell you sizeof(BITMAP)==28, but calling GetObject on a bitmap will fail and tell you it needs a 32-byte structure. So I suspect that some of Microsoft's API is inherently dependent on aligned pointers, and I also know that some optimized assembly (I have seen some from Fortran compilers) takes advantage of that and crashes badly if you ever give it unaligned pointers.
So the moral of all of this is, dont use "funky" compiler arguments like /Zp1. In our case we have to for historical reasons, but the number of times this has bitten us...
Someone please give me a "this is useful" tick on my answer please?
Using a bit of psychic debugging, I'm going to guess that the strings in your application are pooled in a read-only section.
It's possible that the CreateSysWindowsEx is attempting to write to the memory passed in for the window class or title. That would explain why the calls work when allocated on the heap (SysAllocString) but not when used as constants.
The easiest way to investigate this is to use a low level debugger like windbg - it should break into the debugger at the point where the access violation occurs which should help figure out the problem. Don't use Visual Studio, it has a nasty habit of being helpful and hiding first chance exceptions.
Another thing to try is to enable appverifier on your application - it's possible that it may show something.
Calling a Windows API function does not cross the process boundary, since the various Windows DLLs are loaded into your process.
It sounds like whatever pointer that StringW() is returning isn't valid when Windows is trying to access it. I would look there - is it possible that the pointer returned it out of scope and deleted shortly after it is called?
If you share some more details about your string class, that could help diagnose the problem here.

Resources