My company works with a UI Framework written in PLSQL which interacts with a Java client program.
A lot of queries need to be passed as a VARCHAR2 string to it to be called when needed.
The query
SELECT DISTINCT cod_visum
FROM tbl_visum
WHERE num_firma = 0
AND (code_visum BETWEEN 1 AND 799 OR code_visum BETWEEN 900 AND 999)
AND id_worker IS NULL
OR ( date_valid_to IS NOT NULL
AND p_date_from > NVL (date_valid_to, p_date_from + 1))
ORDER BY 1;
runs fine and returns the expected results when run from the TOAD editor, but when I pass it as a VARCHAR2 to the framework, I keep getting an ORA-00920 (Invalid relational operator) but can't find the cause. (Also the framework catches the exception and only shows me a dialog with the exception number and text >.<)
I've tried several methods of concatinating the variable p_date_from into the VARCHAR2, like
v_sql_norm VARCHAR2 (450)
:= 'SELECT DISTINCT code_visum
FROM tbl_visum
WHERE num_firma = 0
AND (code_visum BETWEEN 1 AND 799 OR code_visum BETWEEN 900 AND 999)
AND id_worker IS NULL
OR ( date_valid_to IS NOT NULL AND '
|| p_date_from
|| ' > NVL(date_valid_to , '
|| (p_date_from + 1)
|| ')) ORDER BY 1';
I already checked the date formats, tried to convert the dates to a string before concatination but everything results in the same exception.
The table used in the query looks like this:
+--------------------+-------+-------------------+
| Column Name | NULL? | DATA TYPE |
+--------------------+-------+-------------------+
| ID_VISUM_ASSIGMENT | N | NUMBER (12) |
| NUM_FIRMA | N | NUMBER (3) |
| CODE_VISUM | N | VARCHAR2 (3 Char) |
| ID_WORKER | Y | NUMBER (10) |
| DATE_VALID_FROM | Y | DATE |
| DATE_VALID_TO | Y | DATE |
+--------------------+-------+-------------------+
Side info: a visum (or visa?) is assigned to a worker starting at a specific date (date_valid_from). It can be assigned to a certain date (date_valid_to), or indefinitely assigned (date_valid_to is NULL).
Thank you in advance, really appreciate any help! :)
edit: yes, cod_visum is a VARCHAR2 but in the query it's used as NUMBER but I also already tried casting it to a number (and mostly it's casted explicitely ^^)
This bit is wrong: the fourth line mixes variable with boilerplate.
OR ( date_valid_to IS NOT NULL AND '
|| p_date_from
|| ' > NVL(date_valid_to , '
|| (p_date_from + 1)
It should be something like
OR ( date_valid_to IS NOT NULL AND '
|| p_date_from
|| ' > NVL(date_valid_to , ('
|| p_date_from
|| ' + 1)'
Also the logic seems wonky, but that's an aside.
Related
I have a db2 table DBTable with columns A, B, C (all of type varchar) which is linked to a library lib in SAS.
I use SAS to generate a dataset ValuesForA with one column whose content I want to write into the column A of DBTable with the additional requirement that the the column for B is filled with ' ' (blank) and the column for C with (null). So the DBTable should look something like this:
| A | B | C |
======================
| 'x' | ' ' | (null) |
| 'y' | ' ' | (null) |
| 'z' | ' ' | (null) |
I cannot find a way how to acchieve this as SAS as it treats blanks as null.
The simple approach specifying B as " " just fills this column with (null). I also tried to use the nullchar=no option and not specifying a value for C:
proc sql;
insert into lib.DBTable
(nullchar=no, A, B)
select
A, " " as B
from ValuesForA;
quit;
however the column C is then also filled with blanks
| A | B | C |
===================
| 'x' | ' ' | ' ' |
| 'y' | ' ' | ' ' |
| 'z' | ' ' | ' ' |
Try this:
proc sql;
insert into lib.DBTable
select
A, " " as B, null as C
from ValuesForA;
quit;
This gave me the results you requested using a DB2 temp table with three VARCHAR columns.
I posted the same question on communities.sas.com.
In the end, I used a solution proposed by s_lassen (you may check out his other one).
I give my own description of his solution here:
It seems that inserting blanks and nulls is not possible over the linked libraies. We can, however, write a SAS-program that produces an sql-statement which we can execute on the database server itself using pass-through sql.
This is all done by this little script:
/* *** Create a temporary document with the name "tempsas" *** */
Filename tempsas temp;
/* *** Loop throuhg ValuesForA and write into tempsas. *** */
/* (The resulting tempsas is basically an SQL insert statement. All observations are written in one big values statement) */
Data _null_;
file tempsas;
set ValuesForA end=done;
if _N_=1 then put
'rsubmit;' /
'proc sql;' /
' Connect to DB2(<connect options>);' /
' execute by DB2(' /
' insert into DBTable(A, B, C)' /
' values'
;
put
" ('" a +(-1) "', ' ', null)" #; /* "a" is an observation ValuesForA.a
"+(-1)" removes the trailing blank set by the put statement
"#" writes the next put statement in the same line */
if done then put
/
' );' /
'quit;' /
'endrsubmit;'
;
else put ',';
run;
/* *** Run the code in tempsas *** */
%include tempsas;
It creates a file "tempsas" in which it writes and executes the following code:
rsubmit;
proc sql;
Connect to DB2(<connect options>);
execute by DB2(
insert into DBTable(A, B, C)
values
('x', ' ', null),
('y', ' ', null),
('z', ' ', null)
);
quit;
endrsubmit;
I guess this solution is only feasible if there are not too many values to be inserted to the database.
For example:- I have 3 tables .
student :
student_id | name | rollNo | class
1 | a1 | 12 | 5
2 | b1 | 11 | 5
address: there can be multiple address for a user
street | district| country |student_id
gali1 | nanit | india | 1
gali2 | nanital | india | 1
Books : There can be muliple book for the user
book | book_id |student_id
history | 111 | 1
Science | 112 | 1
This is example . I want data to be like this in output .
If i select for student_id 1. Then this would be result
student_id | name | rollNo | class | addresslist | booklist
1 | a1 | 12 | 5 | some sort of | some sort of
| list which | list which
| contain both| contain both
| the address | the book detail
| of user | of user
I am using 12.1 which does not support json for now it is in 12.2 .
addresslist can be like this you can create list as you want but it should have all this data.
[{street:"gali1","distict":"nanital","country":"india","student_id":1},{"street":"gali2","distict":"nanital","country":"india","student_id":1}]
same for booklist
Thanks in advance .
Something like:
WITH json_addresses ( address, student_id ) AS (
SELECT '[' ||
LISTAGG(
'{"street":"' || street || '",'
|| '"district":" || district || '",'
|| '"country":" || country|| '"}',
','
) WITHIN GROUP ( ORDER BY country, district, street )
|| ']',
student_id
FROM address
GROUP BY student_id
),
json_books ( book, student_id ) AS (
SELECT '[' ||
LISTAGG(
'{"book_id":"' || book_id || '",'
|| '"book":" || book || '"}',
','
) WITHIN GROUP ( ORDER BY book, book_id )
|| ']',
student_id
FROM book
GROUP BY student_id
)
SELECT s.*, a.address, b.book
FROM student s
INNER JOIN json_addresses a
ON ( s.student_id = a.student_id )
INNER JOIN json_books b
ON ( s.student_id = b.student_id );
My team and I are curious to determine the best way we can match Two Different sets of data. There are no keys that can be joined on as this data as is coming from two separate sources that know nothing about each other. We import this data into two oracle tables and once that is done we can begin to look for matches.
Both Tables contain a full list of Properties(As in Real estate). We are needing to match up the Properties in Table1 to any potential matching Properties found in Table2. For each and every record in Table1 search Table2 for a potential match and determine the probability of the match. My team and I have decided that the best way to do this would be to compare the Address fields from each of the two tables.
The one catch is that Table1 provides the Address in a Parsed format and allocates the address number, address Street and even the Address_type into separate columns while Table2 only contains one column to hold the Address. Each table has City, State and Zip columns that can be compared individually.
For Example - See Below Table1 and Table2:
Notice that the Primary Keys in my pseudo tables below are Key1 and Key2 matching the tables they are in.
+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+-------+-------+
+ + TABLE1 + + + + + +
+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+-------+-------+
| Key1 | Addr_Number | Addr_Street | Addr_Type | City | State | Zip |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+-------+-------+
| 1001 | 148 | Panas | Road | Robinson | CA | 76050 |
| 1005 | 110 | 48th | Street | San Juan | NJ | 8691 |
| 1009 | 8571 | Commerce | Loop | Vallejo | UT | 83651 |
| 1059 | 714 | Nettleton | Avenue | Vista | TX | 29671 |
| 1185 | 1587 | Orchard | Drive | Albuquerque | PA | 77338 |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+-------+-------+
+---------------+----------------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+
+ + TABLE2 + + + +
+---------------+----------------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+
| Key2 | Address | City | State | Zip |
+---------------+----------------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+
| Ax89f | 148 Panas Road | Robinson | CA | 76050 |
| B184a | 110 48th Street | San Juan | NJ | 08691 |
| B99ff | 8571 Commerce Lp | Vallejo | UT | 83651 |
| D81bc | 714 Nettleton Ave | Vista | TX | 29671 |
| F84a2 | 1587 Orachard Dr | Albuquerqu | PA | 77338 |
+---------------+----------------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+
The goal here is to provide an output to the user that simply displays ALL of the records from Table1 and the highest matched record found in Table2. There could of course be many records that are found that could be a potential match but we want to keep this a one to one relationship and not produce Duplicates in this initial output. The output should just be One Record out of Table one matched to the best find in Table2.
See below an example of the Desired output I am attempting to create:
+--------+-------+----------------+---------------------------+
+ + + Matched_Output + +
+--------+-------+----------------+---------------------------+
| Key1 | Key2 | Percent_Match | num_Matched_Records > 90% |
+--------+-------+----------------+---------------------------+
| 1001 | Ax89f | 100% | 5 | --All Parsed Values Match
| 1005 | B184a | 98% | 4 | --Zip Code prefixed with Zero in Table 2
| 1009 | B99ff | 95% | 3 | --Loop Vs Lp
| 1059 | D81bc | 95% | 2 | --Avenue Vs Ave
| 1185 | F84a2 | 97% | 2 | --City Spelled Wrong in Table 2 and Drive vs Dr
+--------+-------+----------------+---------------------------+
In the output I want to see Key1 from Table1 and the matched record right next to it showing that it matches to the record in Table2 to Key2. Next we are needing to know how well these two records match. There could be many records in Table2 that show a probability to matching a records in Table1. In fact every single record in Table2 can be assigned a percentage all the way from 0% up to a 100% match.
So now to the main question:
How does one obtain this percentage?
How do I Parse the Address column in Table2 so that I can compare each of the individual columns that make up the address in Table1 and then apply comparison algorithm on each parsed value?
So far this is what my team and myself have come up with (Brainstorming, Spitballin, whatever you want to call it).
We have taken a look at a couple of the built in Oracle Functions to obtain the percentages we are looking for as well as trying to utilize Regular Expressions. If I could hit up Google and get some of their Search Algorithms I would. Obviously I don't have that luxury and must design my own.
regexp_count(table2_city,'(^| )'||REPLACE(table1_city,' ','|')||'($| )') city_score,
regexp_count(table2_city,'(^| )') city_max,
to_char((city_score/city_max)*100, '999G999G999G999G990D00')||'%' city_perc,
The above was just what my team and I used as a proof of concept. We have simply selected these values out of the two tables and run the 'regexp_count' function against that columns. Here are a few other functions that we have taken a look at:
SOUNDEX
REGEXP_LIKE
REGEXP_REPLACE
These functions are great but I'm not sure they can be used in a Single Query between both tables to produce the desired output.
Another idea is that we could create a Function() that takes as its parameters the Address fields we are wanting to use to compare. That function would then search Table2 for the highest probable match and return back to the user the Key2 value out of Table2.
Function(Addr_Number, Addr_Street, Addr_type, City, State) RETURN table2.key2
For example maybe something like this 'could' work:
Select tb1.key1, table2Function(tb1.Addr_Number, tb1.Addr_Street, tb1.Addr_type, tb1.City, tb1.State) As Key2
From Table1 tb1;
Lastly, just know that there is roughly 15k records currently in Table1 and 20k records in Table2. Again... each record in Table 1 needs to be checked against each record in Table 2 for a potential match.
I'm all ears. And thank you in advance for your feedback.
Use the UTL_MATCH package:
Oracle Setup:
CREATE TABLE Table1 ( Key1, Addr_Number, Addr_Street, Addr_Type, City, State, Zip ) AS
SELECT 1001, 148, 'Panas', 'Road', 'Robinson', 'CA', 76050 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 1005, 110, '48th', 'Street', 'San Juan', 'NJ', 8691 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 1009, 8571, 'Commerce', 'Loop', 'Vallejo', 'UT', 83651 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 1059, 714, 'Nettleton', 'Avenue', 'Vista', 'TX', 29671 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 1185, 1587, 'Orchard', 'Drive', 'Albuquerque', 'PA', 77338 FROM DUAL;
CREATE TABLE Table2 ( Key2, Address, City, State, Zip ) AS
SELECT 'Ax89f', '148 Panas Road', 'Robinson', 'CA', '76050' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'B184a', '110 48th Street', 'San Juan', 'NJ', '08691' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'B99ff', '8571 Commerce Lp', 'Vallejo', 'UT', '83651' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'D81bc', '714 Nettleton Ave', 'Vista', 'TX', '29671' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'F84a2', '1587 Orachard Dr', 'Albuquerqu', 'PA', '77338' FROM DUAL;
Query:
SELECT Key1,
Key2,
UTL_MATCH.EDIT_DISTANCE_SIMILARITY(
A.Addr_Number || ' ' || A.Addr_Street || ' ' || A.Addr_Type
|| ' ' || A.City || ' ' || A.State || ' ' || A.Zip,
B.Address || ' ' || B.City || ' ' || B.State || ' ' || B.Zip
) AS Percent_Match,
CASE WHEN UTL_MATCH.EDIT_DISTANCE_SIMILARITY(
A.Addr_Number || ' ' || A.Addr_Street || ' ' || A.Addr_Type,
B.Address
) >= 90
THEN 1
ELSE 0
END
+
CASE WHEN UTL_MATCH.EDIT_DISTANCE_SIMILARITY( A.City, B.City ) >= 90
THEN 1
ELSE 0
END
+
CASE WHEN UTL_MATCH.EDIT_DISTANCE_SIMILARITY( A.State, B.State ) >= 90
THEN 1
ELSE 0
END
+
CASE WHEN UTL_MATCH.EDIT_DISTANCE_SIMILARITY( A.Zip, B.Zip ) >= 90
THEN 1
ELSE 0
END AS Num_Matched
FROM Table1 A
INNER JOIN
Table2 B
ON ( SYS.UTL_MATCH.EDIT_DISTANCE_SIMILARITY(
A.Addr_Number || ' ' || A.Addr_Street || ' ' || A.Addr_Type
|| ' ' || A.City || ' ' || A.State || ' ' || A.Zip,
B.Address || ' ' || B.City || ' ' || B.State || ' ' || B.Zip
) > 80 );
Output:
KEY1 KEY2 PERCENT_MATCH NUM_MATCHED
---------- ----- ------------- -----------
1001 Ax89f 100 4
1005 B184a 97 3
1009 B99ff 95 3
1059 D81bc 92 3
1185 F84a2 88 3
A few thoughts.
First, you may want to take a look at the utl_match package:
https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E18283_01/appdev.112/e16760/u_match.htm
Then: you surely will want to match by ZIP code and state first. Perhaps adding leading zeros to ZIP code where needed - although apparently one of your concerns is typos, not just different packaging of the input data. If there are typos in the ZIP code you can more or less deal with that, but if there are typos in the state that really sucks.
You may want to score the similarity by city, but often that won't help. For example, for all practical purposes Brooklyn, NY should be seen as matching New York City, NY but there's no way you can do that in your project. So I would put a very low weight on matching by city.
Similar comment about the address type; perhaps you can create a small table with equivalencies, such as Street, Str, Str. or Lane, Ln, Ln. But the fact is often people are not consistent when they give you an address; they may say "Clover Street" to one source and "Clover Avenue" to another. So you may be better off comparing only the street number and the street name.
Good luck!
This is my stored procedure:
nzsql -u user -pw pass -c "CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE INSERT_LOGIC(varchar(50),varchar(20),varchar(40)) RETURNS BOOL LANGUAGE NZPLSQL AS BEGIN_PROC
DECLARE
t1 ALIAS FOR $1;
t2 ALIAS FOR $2;
t3 ALIAS FOR $3;
BEGIN
INSERT INTO ABC..XYZ
(select '$t1','$t2','$t3' from ABC..PQR limit 10);
END;
END_PROC;"
The ALIAS FOR is the only way I found on the internet to do this but I get the following error:
NOTICE: plpgsql: ERROR during compile of INSERT_LOGIC near line 3
ERROR: syntax error, unexpected ERROR, expecting VARIABLE or WORD at or near "t1Stuff"
How do I access the three "varchar variables" that I pass to the stored procedure inside the same?
Here is an example similar to your requirement and its working. I am using two tables 'tab1' and 'tab2' with following description:
$ nzsql -d test -c "\d tab1"
Table "TAB1"
Attribute | Type | Modifier | Default Value
-----------+---------------+----------+---------------
COL1 | INTEGER | |
COL2 | CHARACTER(10) | |
COL3 | INTEGER | |
Distributed on hash: "COL1"
$ nzsql -d test -c "\d tab2"
Table "TAB2"
Attribute | Type | Modifier | Default Value
-----------+---------------+----------+---------------
C1 | INTEGER | |
C2 | CHARACTER(10) | |
C3 | INTEGER | |
Distributed on hash: "C1"
Following is the stored procedure code that I used:
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE INSERT_LOGIC(varchar(50),varchar(20),varchar(40))
RETURNS BOOL
LANGUAGE NZPLSQL
AS
BEGIN_PROC
DECLARE
num_args int4;
sql char(100);
t1 ALIAS FOR $1;
t2 ALIAS FOR $2;
t3 ALIAS FOR $3;
BEGIN
num_args := PROC_ARGUMENT_TYPES.count;
RAISE NOTICE 'Number of arguments: %', num_args;
sql := 'INSERT INTO tab2 SELECT ' || t1 || ',' || t2 || ',' || t3 || ' FROM tab1 LIMIT 10 ';
RAISE NOTICE 'SQL Statement: %', sql;
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE sql;
END;
END_PROC;
Hope this will help!
You're attempting to reference variables by putting a $ in front of the name, which is not valid.
Look at the example in the docs.
DECLARE
logtxt ALIAS FOR $1;
curtime timestamp;
BEGIN
curtime := 'now()';
INSERT INTO logtable VALUES (logtxt, curtime);
RETURN curtime;
END
You should try
INSERT INTO ABC..XYZ
(select t1, t2, t3 from ABC..PQR limit 10);
Though it's possible that the column values won't resolve when used this way. If not, build a dynamic statement and execute it instead.
declare sql varchar;
sql := 'insert into abc..xyz select ' || t1 || ',' || t2 || ',' || t3 || ' from abc..pqr limit 10;'
execute immediate sql;
If you're passing values, not column names, as parameters:
declare sql varchar;
sql := 'insert into abc..xyz select ''' || t1 || ''',''' || t2 || ''',''' || t3 || ''' from abc..pqr limit 10;'
execute immediate sql;
Say we have 3 records in table: orig_tab
---------------------------------------------
| PK | Name | Address | Postal Code |
---------------------------------------------
| 1 | AA | Street1 | 11111 |
| 2 | BB | Street2 | 22222 |
| 3 | CC | Street3 | 33333 |
---------------------------------------------
Now the data is changed:
---------------------------------------------
| PK | Name | Address | Postal Code |
---------------------------------------------
| 1 | AA | Street1 | 11111 |
| 2 | BB | Street2 | 44444 |
| 3 | CC | Dtreet7 | 33333 |
---------------------------------------------
What client wants is the update records and only the updated columns (yes, I know it doesn't make any sense but they use some old system from 1970s and they want to do some logging etc.). So the reporting table should be like this:
---------------------------------------------
| PK | Name | Address | Postal Code |
---------------------------------------------
| 2 | | | 44444 |
| 3 | | Dtreet7 | |
---------------------------------------------
This what I tried:
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER vr_reporting_trigger
AFTER UPDATE ON orig_tab
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
IF inserting THEN
INSERT INTO rep_tab(pk, name, address, code)
SELECT :new.pk, :new.name, :new.address, :new,code FROM DUAL
WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM rep_tab WHERE pk = :new.pk);
UPDATE rep_tab t SET t.name = :new.name, t.address = :new.address, t.code = :new.code
WHERE t.pk = :new.pk;
ELSIF updating THEN
IF :new.pk <> :old.pk THEN
UPDATE rep_tab t
SET t.name = :new.name, t.address = :new.address, t.code =: new.code
WHERE t.pk = :old.pk ;
END IF;
MERGE INTO rep_tab d
USING DUAL ON (d.pk = :old.pk)
WHEN MATCHED THEN
UPDATE SET d.name = :new.name, d.address = :new.address, d.code =: new.code
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT (d.pk,d.name, d.address, d.code) VALUES (:new.pk,:new.name, new.address, new.code);
END IF;
END;
with this solution, I get:
---------------------------------------------
| PK | Name | Address | Postal Code |
---------------------------------------------
| 2 | BB | Street2 | 44444 |
| 3 | CC | Dtreet7 | 33333 |
---------------------------------------------
I know that it somewhere in insert claus in when updating statement but I can't figure out how to have this claus changed as per my requirement. Any suggestion?
Thanks in advance.
You need this:
In an UPDATE trigger, a column name can be specified with an UPDATING
conditional predicate to determine if the named column is being
updated. For example, assume a trigger is defined as the following:
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER ...
... UPDATE OF Sal, Comm ON Emp_tab ...
BEGIN
... IF UPDATING ('SAL') THEN ... END IF;
END;
From Oracle documentation(9i)
11gR2 documentation
Trigger for only changed values.
As an example (only NOT NULL support) (comparison operators with NULL always return FALSE):
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER trigger_department_update
BEFORE UPDATE OF
department_id,
cluster_id,
division_id,
macroregion_id,
address,
email
ON cl_department
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
IF (
:new.department_id != :old.department_id
OR :new.cluster_id != :old.cluster_id
OR :new.division_id != :old.division_id
OR :new.macroregion_id != :old.macroregion_id
OR :new.address != :old.address
OR :new.email != :old.email
)
THEN :new.update_date := CURRENT_TIMESTAMP;
END IF;
END;
With NULL support (Thanks to #Oleg in the comments below this post) (Thanks to #Chris Bandy for the answer):
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER trigger_department_update
BEFORE UPDATE OF
department_id,
cluster_id,
division_id,
macroregion_id,
address,
email
ON cl_department
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
IF (
((:new.department_id <> :old.department_id OR :new.department_id IS NULL OR :old.department_id IS NULL) AND NOT (:new.department_id IS NULL AND :old.department_id IS NULL))
OR ((:new.cluster_id <> :old.cluster_id OR :new.cluster_id IS NULL OR :old.cluster_id IS NULL) AND NOT (:new.cluster_id IS NULL AND :old.cluster_id IS NULL))
OR ((:new.division_id <> :old.division_id OR :new.division_id IS NULL OR :old.division_id IS NULL) AND NOT (:new.division_id IS NULL AND :old.division_id IS NULL))
OR ((:new.macroregion_id <> :old.macroregion_id OR :new.macroregion_id IS NULL OR :old.macroregion_id IS NULL) AND NOT (:new.macroregion_id IS NULL AND :old.macroregion_id IS NULL))
OR ((:new.address <> :old.address OR :new.address IS NULL OR :old.address IS NULL) AND NOT (:new.address IS NULL AND :old.address IS NULL))
OR ((:new.email <> :old.email OR :new.email IS NULL OR :old.email IS NULL) AND NOT (:new.email IS NULL AND :old.email IS NULL))
)
THEN :new.update_date := CURRENT_TIMESTAMP;
END IF;
END;
to treat null :
... nvl(to_char(:new.department_id,' ') <> nvl(to_char(:old.department_id,' ') OR ...