I am totally new to PL/SQL.
create or replace procedure p1(a in customer.id%type,
b out customer.name%type,
c out customer.dept%type)
is
begin
select name,dept into b,c from customer where id=a;
end;
Its created properly.
But I am not sure how to execute it.
EXEC p1(1);
But this is showing error.
Your procedure has three parameters so you'd need to call it with three parameters. In the case of OUT parameters, you need to pass in variables that will hold the values that are being returned by the procedure.
DECLARE
l_id customer.id%type := 1;
l_name customer.name%type;
l_dept customer.dept%type;
BEGIN
p1( l_id, l_name, l_dept );
<<do something with l_name and l_dept>>
END;
/
There are two ways to execute a procedure.
From the SQL prompt.
EXECUTE [or EXEC] procedure_name;
Within another procedure – simply use the procedure name.
procedure_name;
the procedure have 3 parameters, you can't call it like p1(1) using just one parameter
in your case try something like this
DECLARE
p_name customer.name%type;
p_department customer.dept%type;
BEGIN
p1(1, p_name, p_department);
END;
Output parameters should be stored in variables.
Input, can be variables or directly given in between the ( )
Use dbms_output.put_line to easily show output in your IDE.
DECLARE
p_name customer.name%type;
p_department customer.dept%type;
p_id customer.id%type := 1;
BEGIN
p1(p_id, p_name, p_department);
END;
Related
I am new at this and have a simple question.
I have created a procedure like so in pl/sql developer
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE myproc2 AS
BEGIN
SELECT cd_desc des, cd_value cd FROM v_codes WHERE cd_type='CVS02'
END;
Now I want to call the procedure and see the output however when I run this
BEGIN
myproc2;
END;
in Pl/sql I am getting an error saying object myproc2 is invalid
How do I call a stored procedure in PL/SQL?
You're calling it right, but the procedure is wrong. If you check its status, it is invalid.
In PL/SQL, a SELECT requires INTO:
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE myproc2 AS
l_cd_desc v_codes.cd_desc%type;
l_cd_value v_codes.cd_value%type;
BEGIN
SELECT v.cd_desc, v.cd_value
INTO l_cd_desc, l_cd_value
FROM v_codes v
WHERE v.cd_type = 'CVS02';
END;
Beware of possible NO_DATA_FOUND or TOO_MANY_ROWS exception.
Also, although it'll now run OK (I guess), you won't see anything because it is unknown what you'll do next. You could, for example, choose to display values you fetched. In that case, add
<snip>
WHERE v.cd_type = 'CVS02';
dbms_output.put_line(l_cd_desc ||', '|| l_cd_value);
END;
Don't forget to enable serveroutput.
As you commented, you got too_many_rows. How to handle it? It depends on what you want to do. One option is to switch to a cursor FOR loop; now you don't need local variables and - as there's no SELECT statement itself - no INTO clause either:
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE myproc2
AS
BEGIN
FOR cur_r IN (SELECT v.cd_desc, v.cd_value
FROM v_codes v
WHERE v.cd_type = 'CVS02')
LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line (cur_r.cd_desc || ', ' || cur_r.cd_value);
END LOOP;
END;
One great thing about Oracle SQL Developer is the GUI and that it does things for you.
You can open a sheet and run it the traditional way:
BEGIN
PROCEDURENAME(PARAM);
END;
or you can use the GUI, find the object with the (View->) Find DB object, find it, click on it and use the green arrow in the toolbar. It will open a UI for any parameters you used within the procedure.
In SQL Developer, if you want to see the output then you can return a cursor:
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE myproc2(
o_cursor OUT SYS_REFCURSOR
)
AS
BEGIN
OPEN o_cursor FOR
SELECT cd_desc AS des,
cd_value AS cd
FROM v_codes
WHERE cd_type='CVS02'; -- You need a ; statement terminator here.
END;
/
Then you can use:
-- Declare a cursor bind variable
VARIABLE cur SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
-- Call the cursor outputting into the bind variable.
myproc2(:cur);
END;
/
-- Print the cursor
PRINT :cur;
And run it as a script (using F5).
Here's my stored procedure:
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE STATS_SD
(
P_ID IN NUMBER,
PRC OUT SYS_REFCURSOR
)
IS
BEGIN
OPEN PRC FOR
SELECT
ID,
SESID
FROM RESPONSES
WHERE ID IN (P_ID)
END;
When I try to execute it using
EXEC EXAM_STATS_STUDENTS_SD('6901');
I get the following error:
PLS-00306: wrong number or types of arguments in call to 'STATS_SD'
Do you have any ideas why?
Here is an example using an OUT parameter that is a sys_refcursor. Note that I close the cursor in the pl/sql block that uses it (which is important!):
create or replace procedure get_data(o_cur OUT SYS_REFCURSOR) as
begin
OPEN o_cur FOR
select * from emp;
end;
And using the get_data procedure:
declare
l_cur sys_refcursor;
l_row emp%rowtype;
begin
get_data(l_cur);
LOOP
fetch l_cur
into l_row;
exit when l_cur%notfound;
-- do something with l_row here
END LOOP;
close l_cur;
end;
You are passing a wrong datatype to your procedure.
According to your declaration a NUMBER is expected:
P_ID IN NUMBER
However, you pass a VARCHAR2 in your exec command:
EXEC EXAM_STATS_STUDENTS_SD('6901');
Note the '' around the value.
Try calling this instead:
EXEC EXAM_STATS_STUDENTS_SD(6901);
Apart from that you are missing the second parameter completely.
How to pass pl/sql record type to a procedure :
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY PKGDeleteNumber
AS
PROCEDURE deleteNumber (
list_of_numbers IN List_Numbers
)
IS
i_write VARCHAR2(5);
BEGIN
--do something
END deleteNumber;
END PKGDeleteNumber;
/
In this procedure deleteNumber I have used List_Numbers, which is a record type. The package declaration for the same is :
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE PKGDeleteNumber
AS
TYPE List_Numbers IS RECORD (
IID NUMBER
);
TYPE list_of_numbers IS TABLE OF List_Numbers;
PROCEDURE deleteNumber (
list_of_numbers IN List_Numbers
);
END PKGDeleteNumber;
I have to execute the procedure deleteNumber passing a list of values. I inserted numbers in temp_test table, then using a cursor U fetched the data from it :
SELECT *
BULK COLLECT INTO test1
FROM temp_test;
Now, to call the procedure I am using
execute immediate 'begin PKGDELETENUMBER.DELETENUMBER(:1); end;'
using test1;
I have tried many other things as well(for loop, dbms_binding, etc). How do I pass a pl/sql record type as argument to the procedure?
EDIT:
Basically, I want to pass a list of numbers, using native dynamic sql only...
adding the table temp_test defn (no index or constraint):
create table test_temp (
IID number
);
and then inserted 1,2,3,4,5 using normal insert statements.
For this solution,
In a package testproc
CREATE TYPE num_tab_t IS TABLE OF NUMBER;
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE my_dyn_proc_test (p_num_array IN num_tab_t) AS
BEGIN
dbms_output.put_line(p_num_array.COUNT);
END;
/
this is called from sql prompt/toad
DECLARE
v_tab testproc.num_tab_t := testproc.num_tab_t(1, 10);
BEGIN
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'BEGIN testproc.my_dyn_proc_test(:1); END;' USING v_tab;
END;
this will not work.This shows error.I am not at my workstation so am not able to reproduce the issue now.
You can't use RECORD types in USING clause of EXECUTE IMMEDIATE statement. If you just want to pass a list of numbers, why don't you just use a variable of TABLE OF NUMBER type? Check below example:
CREATE TYPE num_tab_t IS TABLE OF NUMBER;
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE my_dyn_proc_test (p_num_array IN num_tab_t) AS
BEGIN
dbms_output.put_line(p_num_array.COUNT);
END;
/
DECLARE
v_tab num_tab_t := num_tab_t(1, 10);
BEGIN
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'BEGIN my_dyn_proc_test(:1); END;' USING v_tab;
END;
Output:
2
Edit
Try this:
CREATE TYPE num_tab_t IS TABLE OF NUMBER;
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE testproc AS
PROCEDURE my_dyn_proc_test (p_num_array IN num_tab_t);
END;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY testproc AS
PROCEDURE my_dyn_proc_test (p_num_array IN num_tab_t) AS
BEGIN
dbms_output.put_line(p_num_array.COUNT);
END;
END;
/
DECLARE
v_tab num_tab_t := num_tab_t(1, 10);
BEGIN
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'BEGIN testproc.my_dyn_proc_test(:1); END;' USING v_tab;
END;
Use an object type. object types are visible to all packages
I have a defined a new stored procedure but get a error while calling it,
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE SCOTT.getempsal(
p_emp_id IN NUMBER,
p_emp_month IN CHAR,
p_emp_sal OUT INTEGER)
AS
BEGIN
SELECT EMP_SAL
INTO p_emp_sal
FROM EMPLOYEE_SAL
WHERE EMP_ID = p_emp_id
AND EMP_MONTH = p_emp_month;
END getempsal;
And trying to call it:
getempsal(1,'JAN',OUT) --Invalid sql statement.
Your procedure contains an out parameter, so you need to call it in block like:
declare
a number;
begin
getempsal(1,'JAN',a);
dbms_output.put_line(a);
end;
A simple procedure (let's say with a number parameter) can be called with
exec proc(1);
or
begin
proc(1);
end;
Just write EXECUTE procedure_name('provide_the_valueof_IN parameter','value of in parameter', :k) ;
Run this statement a popup will come set the parameters as in out and the datatype too. U will see the output in another popup window.
Here I have a stored procedure in Oracle:
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE StP_COMPS
IS
CV_1 SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
OPEN CV_1 FOR SELECT * FROM COMPUTERS;
END;
When I execute the procedure like EXEC SP_COMPS I get no error, the SQL Developer just shows "ananymous block completed". Then I change the procedure to a
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE SP_COMPS
(cv_1 OUT SYS_REFCURSOR)
IS
BEGIN
OPEN CV_1 FOR SELECT * FROM COMPUTERS;
END;
and when I execute I get error stating that the number of type of the arguments are wrong. I'm very curious what I could send as an argument to the procedure if it's just an output parameter. I want to get the result set of the query run inside the procedure. What am I doing wrong here?
P.S. When I try to run the procedure by right clicking the procedure and selecting Run I get:
DECLARE
CV_2 sys_refcursor;
BEGIN
SP_COMPS(
CV_2 => CV_2
);
:CV_2 := CV_2; -- <--Can't understand this part
END;
You have a variable, you should execute the procedure like:
DECLARE
CV_1 SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
SP_COMPS(CV_1);
--use cv_1
END;
UPDATE(after OP update): That's a simple template for testing. As explained here: Easiest method to test an Oracle Stored Procedure, just run that code, and select ref_cursor as type of cv2 variable.