I'm searching for a way to simulate keystrokes in OSX. I found another solution (Simulate keypress for system wide hotkeys) using Objective-C, but i need to do it with Swift. How can i adapt CGEventCreateKeyboardEvent?
Working with Swift 3
let src = CGEventSource(stateID: CGEventSourceStateID.hidSystemState)
let cmdd = CGEvent(keyboardEventSource: src, virtualKey: 0x38, keyDown: true)
let cmdu = CGEvent(keyboardEventSource: src, virtualKey: 0x38, keyDown: false)
let spcd = CGEvent(keyboardEventSource: src, virtualKey: 0x31, keyDown: true)
let spcu = CGEvent(keyboardEventSource: src, virtualKey: 0x31, keyDown: false)
spcd?.flags = CGEventFlags.maskCommand;
let loc = CGEventTapLocation.cghidEventTap
cmdd?.post(tap: loc)
spcd?.post(tap: loc)
spcu?.post(tap: loc)
cmdu?.post(tap: loc)
The code on that linked answer is fairly readily convertible to Swift code, however there are a handful of gotchas you will need to take care of along the way:
CGEventSourceCreate takes a CGEventSourceStateID, which is a typealiase for a UInt32, but the constants such as kCGEventSourceStateHIDSystemState are defined as Int, so you’ll have to cast them i.e. CGEventSourceStateID(kCGEventSourceStateHIDSystemState). Likewise with CGEventFlags.
CGEventSourceCreate and CGEventCreateKeyboardEvent return an Unmanaged<CGEventSource> (or Unmanaged<CGEvent>). The auto-generated Swift API for Core Graphics doesn’t know whether the returned objects need to be released by you or not so you need to check the API docs for these calls and then use takeRetainedValue() or takeUnretainedValue() accordingly on the returned value, to convert them into the underlying type you want to work with.
Finally, they return implicitly unwrapped optionals, so you’ll need to decide if you want to check for nils or just live with the excitement of runtime explosions if they ever return one.
Given all that it’s pretty simple to turn the Objective-C in that answer demonstrating pressing Cmd-Space to Swift, I just tried pasting this into a scratch app and it worked fine:
(though I haven't checked the API docs for whether the retain is the correct thing to do or not)
let src = CGEventSourceCreate(CGEventSourceStateID(kCGEventSourceStateHIDSystemState)).takeRetainedValue()
let cmdd = CGEventCreateKeyboardEvent(src, 0x38, true).takeRetainedValue()
let cmdu = CGEventCreateKeyboardEvent(src, 0x38, false).takeRetainedValue()
let spcd = CGEventCreateKeyboardEvent(src, 0x31, true).takeRetainedValue()
let spcu = CGEventCreateKeyboardEvent(src, 0x31, false).takeRetainedValue()
CGEventSetFlags(spcd, CGEventFlags(kCGEventFlagMaskCommand));
CGEventSetFlags(spcd, CGEventFlags(kCGEventFlagMaskCommand));
let loc = CGEventTapLocation(kCGHIDEventTap)
CGEventPost(loc, cmdd)
CGEventPost(loc, spcd)
CGEventPost(loc, spcu)
CGEventPost(loc, cmdu)
Swift 3
For me the hexadecimal key values like: 0x124 didn't work, but simple UInt 124 did the trick!
A nice collection of keycodes can be found here!
This copy-paste code snippet simulates a right arrow keypress. Change the key number for whatever you want to simulate:
// Simulate Right Arrow keypress
let rightArrowKeyCode: UInt16 = 124
let keyDownEvent = CGEvent(keyboardEventSource: nil, virtualKey: rightArrowKeyCode, keyDown: true)
keyDownEvent?.flags = CGEventFlags.maskCommand
keyDownEvent?.post(tap: CGEventTapLocation.cghidEventTap)
let keyUpEvent = CGEvent(keyboardEventSource: nil, virtualKey: rightArrowKeyCode, keyDown: false)
keyUpEvent?.flags = CGEventFlags.maskCommand
keyUpEvent?.post(tap: CGEventTapLocation.cghidEventTap)
Update:
For macOS Mojave and above you should allow your app to control your computer in System Preferences > Security & Privacy > Accessibility
I made this for a Swift 4 project, don't forget that App sandboxing will not allow an app to send keystrokes like this so it'll need to be turned off. This means your app would prohibited from the AppStore.
import Foundation
class FakeKey {
static func send(_ keyCode: CGKeyCode, useCommandFlag: Bool) {
let sourceRef = CGEventSource(stateID: .combinedSessionState)
if sourceRef == nil {
NSLog("FakeKey: No event source")
return
}
let keyDownEvent = CGEvent(keyboardEventSource: sourceRef,
virtualKey: keyCode,
keyDown: true)
if useCommandFlag {
keyDownEvent?.flags = .maskCommand
}
let keyUpEvent = CGEvent(keyboardEventSource: sourceRef,
virtualKey: keyCode,
keyDown: false)
keyDownEvent?.post(tap: .cghidEventTap)
keyUpEvent?.post(tap: .cghidEventTap)
}
}
A combination of the answers to stimulate a shortcut/hotkey. Swift 5.1
let source = CGEventSource(stateID: CGEventSourceStateID.hidSystemState)
let cmdKey: UInt16 = 0x38
let numberThreeKey: UInt16 = 0x14
let cmdDown = CGEvent(keyboardEventSource: source, virtualKey: cmdKey, keyDown: true)
let cmdUp = CGEvent(keyboardEventSource: source, virtualKey: cmdKey, keyDown: false)
let keyThreeDown = CGEvent(keyboardEventSource: source, virtualKey: numberThreeKey, keyDown: true)
let keyThreeUp = CGEvent(keyboardEventSource: source, virtualKey: numberThreeKey, keyDown: false)
fileprivate func testShortcut() {
let loc = CGEventTapLocation.cghidEventTap
cmdDown?.flags = CGEventFlags.maskCommand
cmdUp?.flags = CGEventFlags.maskCommand
keyThreeDown?.flags = CGEventFlags.maskCommand
keyThreeUp?.flags = CGEVentFlags.maskCommand
cmdDown?.post(tap: loc)
keyThreeDown?.post(tap: loc)
cmdUp?.post(tap: loc)
keyThreeUp?.post(tap: loc)
}
Manually written may contain mistakes.
Related
On my adventure to learn Rust I decided to try and print to the cli contents of the clipboard. I've done this before in Swift so thought I would have much issues in Rust.
However I'm having a hard time printing the contents of the returned NSArray. I've spent a few hours playing around with different functions but haven't made much progress.
The Swift code I have that works:
import Foundation
import AppKit
let pasteboard = NSPasteboard.general
func reload() -> [String]{
var clipboardItems: [String] = []
for element in pasteboard.pasteboardItems! {
if let str = element.string(forType: NSPasteboard.PasteboardType(rawValue: "public.utf8-plain-text")) {
clipboardItems.append(str)
}
}
return clipboardItems;
}
// Access the item in the clipboard
while true {
let firstClipboardItem = reload()
print(firstClipboardItem);
sleep(1);
}
Here is the Rust code:
use cocoa::appkit::{NSApp, NSPasteboard, NSPasteboardReading, NSPasteboardTypeString};
use cocoa::foundation::NSArray;
fn main() {
unsafe {
let app = NSApp();
let pid = NSPasteboard::generalPasteboard(app);
let changec = pid.changeCount();
let pid_item = pid.pasteboardItems();
if pid_item.count() != 0 {
let items = &*pid_item.objectAtIndex(0);
println!("{:?}", items);
}
println!("{:?}", *pid.stringForType(NSPasteboardTypeString));
}
}
The code above produces: *<NSPasteboardItem: 0x6000021a3de0>*
EDIT:
I've made a little progress but stuck on one last bit. I've managed to get the first UTF8 char out of the clipboard.
The issue I have is if I copy the text: World the system will loop the correct amount of times for the word length but will only print the first letter, in this case W. Output below:
TEXT 'W'
TEXT 'W'
TEXT 'W'
TEXT 'W'
TEXT 'W'
The bit I'm trying to get my head around is how to move to the next i8. I can't seem to find a way to point to the next i8.
The NSString function UTF8String() returns *const i8. I'm scratching my head with how one would walk the text.
use cocoa::appkit::{NSApp, NSPasteboard, NSPasteboardTypeString};
use cocoa::foundation::{NSArray, NSString};
fn main() {
unsafe {
let app = NSApp();
let pid = NSPasteboard::generalPasteboard(app);
let changec = pid.changeCount();
let nsarray_ptr = pid.pasteboardItems();
if nsarray_ptr.count() != 0 {
for i in 0..NSArray::count(nsarray_ptr) {
let raw_item_ptr = NSArray::objectAtIndex(nsarray_ptr, i);
let itm = raw_item_ptr.stringForType(NSPasteboardTypeString);
for u in 0..itm.len() {
let stri = itm.UTF8String();
println!("TEXT {:?}", *stri as u8 as char);
}
}
}
}
}
To everyone who's looked/commented on this so far thank you.
After reading some tests provided by cocoa I figured out what I needed to do.
The code below prints the contents of the clipboard. Thanks to those who pointed me in the right direction.
use cocoa::appkit::{NSApp, NSPasteboard, NSPasteboardTypeString};
use cocoa::foundation::{NSArray, NSString};
use std::{str, slice};
fn main() {
unsafe {
let app = NSApp();
let pid = NSPasteboard::generalPasteboard(app);
let nsarray_ptr = pid.pasteboardItems();
if nsarray_ptr.count() != 0 {
for i in 0..NSArray::count(nsarray_ptr) {
let raw_item_ptr = NSArray::objectAtIndex(nsarray_ptr, i);
let itm = raw_item_ptr.stringForType(NSPasteboardTypeString);
let stri = itm.UTF8String() as *const u8;
let clipboard = str::from_utf8(slice::from_raw_parts(stri, itm.len()))
.unwrap();
println!("{}", clipboard);
}
}
}
}
I am trying to underline the title for NSButton in Xamarin.MacOS.
In the mutable attributed string, I use
attrString.AddAttribute(NSStringAttributeKey.UnderlineStyle, NSNumber.FromInt32((int)NSUnderlineStyle.Single), range);
It doesn't work. Suggestions in Swift is to use
let underlineAttribute = [NSAttributedString.Key.underlineStyle: NSUnderlineStyle.single.rawValue]
In Xamarin.MacOS, there is no NSUnderlineStyle.Single.RawValue. How do I get the RawValue of NSUnderlineStyle enum? Thanks.
I am adding underline like this:
str.AddAttribute(NSStringAttributeKey.UnderlineStyle, new NSNumber((int)NSUnderlineStyle.Single), new NSRange(0, str.Length));
I can confirm this works in both NSTextView and NSButton
First, a quick review. NSUnderlineStyle is an enumeration with the following values:
NSUnderlineStyleNone = 0x00,
NSUnderlineStyleSingle = 0x01,
NSUnderlineStyleThick = 0x02,
NSUnderlineStyleDouble = 0x09,
NSUnderlinePatternSolid = 0x0000,
NSUnderlinePatternDot = 0x0100,
NSUnderlinePatternDash = 0x0200,
NSUnderlinePatternDashDot = 0x0300,
NSUnderlinePatternDashDotDot = 0x0400,
NSUnderlineByWord = 0x8000
So we could check the following code
string prefixedHex = "0x01";
int intValue = Convert.ToInt32(prefixedHex, 16);
NSMutableAttributedString str = new NSMutableAttributedString();
str.AddAttribute(NSStringAttributeKey.UnderlineStyle,NSNumber.FromInt32(1),range);
button.AttributedTitle = str;
There is nothing wrong with the original code.
attrString.AddAttribute(NSStringAttributeKey.UnderlineStyle, NSNumber.FromInt32((int)NSUnderlineStyle.Single), range);
I have forgotten to set this attribute in the OnElementPropertyChanged function.
Thanks for your confirmation that it works which prompts me to re-investigate my code. I spent a few days debugging it thinking that the issue is with rawValue.
I am trying to understand how Metal compute shaders work, so I have wrote this code :
class AppDelegate: NSObject, NSApplicationDelegate {
var number:Float!
var buffer:MTLBuffer!
func applicationDidFinishLaunching(aNotification: NSNotification) {
// Insert code here to initialize your application
let metalDevice = MTLCreateSystemDefaultDevice()!
let library = metalDevice.newDefaultLibrary()!
let commandQueue = metalDevice.newCommandQueue()
let commandBuffer = commandQueue.commandBuffer()
let commandEncoder = commandBuffer.computeCommandEncoder()
let pointlessFunction = library.newFunctionWithName("pointless")!
let pipelineState = try! metalDevice.newComputePipelineStateWithFunction(pointlessFunction)
commandEncoder.setComputePipelineState(pipelineState)
number = 12
buffer = metalDevice.newBufferWithBytes(&number, length: sizeof(Float), options: MTLResourceOptions.StorageModeShared)
commandEncoder.setBuffer(buffer, offset: 0, atIndex: 0)
commandEncoder.endEncoding()
commandBuffer.commit()
commandBuffer.waitUntilCompleted()
let data = NSData(bytesNoCopy: buffer.contents(), length: sizeof(Float), freeWhenDone: false)
var newResult:Float = 0
data.getBytes(&newResult, length: sizeof(Float))
print(newResult)
}
By making a buffer with StorageModeShared, I want changes made to the Metal buffer reflected in my Swift code, but when I populate my newResult variable, it looks like the buffer is still the same value than at the beginning (12) while it should be 125 :
#include <metal_stdlib>
using namespace metal;
kernel void pointless (device float* outData [[ buffer(0) ]]) {
*outData = 125.0;
}
What am I doing wrong ?
A kernel function doesn't run unless you dispatch it. I think you're assuming if you have a function, then Metal should run it one time, until you say otherwise, but that won't happen. It will instead not run at all. Add this before endEncoding and you're good to go!
let size = MTLSize(width: 1, height: 1, depth: 1)
commandEncoder.dispatchThreadgroups(size, threadsPerThreadgroup: size)
I have been trying to check the mac battery level programmatically.it can be done on ios but i want to do it in mac.i found some resources on stackoverflow but those links were deprecated. Any Ideas?
First create a "Umbrella-Bridging-Header.h"
with the content:
#import <IOKit/ps/IOPowerSources.h>
then in main.swift
import Foundation
println("Hello, World!")
let timeRemaining = IOPSGetTimeRemainingEstimate ()
println("timeRemaining: \(timeRemaining)")
If you don't want to add Objective-C bridging and you need just to know a couple of values. Then you could use this function.
func getBatteryState() -> [String?]
{
let task = Process()
let pipe = Pipe()
task.launchPath = "/usr/bin/pmset"
task.arguments = ["-g", "batt"]
task.standardOutput = pipe
task.launch()
let data = pipe.fileHandleForReading.readDataToEndOfFile()
let output = NSString(data: data, encoding: String.Encoding.utf8.rawValue) as! String
let batteryArray = output.components(separatedBy: ";")
let source = output.components(separatedBy: "'")[1]
let state = batteryArray[1].trimmingCharacters(in: NSCharacterSet.whitespaces).capitalized
let percent = String.init(batteryArray[0].components(separatedBy: ")")[1].trimmingCharacters(in: NSCharacterSet.whitespaces).characters.dropLast())
var remaining = String.init(batteryArray[2].characters.dropFirst().split(separator: " ")[0])
if(remaining == "(no"){
remaining = "Calculating"
}
return [source, state, percent, remaining]
}
print(getBatteryState().flatMap{$0}) -> "AC Power", "Discharging", "94", "3:15"
pmset is a very old command line function which is very unlikely to change in the future. Of course this does not give extended properties of power options like mAh and so on, but it was enough for me, because I just needed to know is it charging or not and how much percent battery has currently.
Just my 2 cents. I understand if people will find this discouraging to use.
N.B. If charging - remaining will show how long until it's fully charged.
If discharging - it will show how long until it's discharged.
First, you can see the answer here on how to include Objective-C code in your swift project (very good post btw).
Then, check out the IOMPowerSource class. It should include everything you need to report the status of the computer's power information.
Swift 2 Version of the answer of #Just A Minnion
import Cocoa
class ViewController: NSViewController {
#IBOutlet weak var label: NSTextField!
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
label.stringValue = String(getBatteryState().flatMap{$0})
}
func getBatteryState() -> [String?] {
let task = NSTask()
let pipe = NSPipe()
task.launchPath = "/usr/bin/pmset"
task.arguments = ["-g", "batt"]
task.standardOutput = pipe
task.launch()
let data = pipe.fileHandleForReading.readDataToEndOfFile()
let output = NSString(data: data, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding) as! String
let batteryArray = output.componentsSeparatedByString(";")
let source = output.componentsSeparatedByString("'")[1]
let state = batteryArray[0].stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet(NSCharacterSet.whitespaceCharacterSet()).capitalizedString
let percent = String.init(batteryArray[0].componentsSeparatedByString(")")[0].stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet(NSCharacterSet.whitespaceCharacterSet()))
var remaining = String.init(batteryArray[0].characters.dropFirst().split(" ")[1])
if (remaining == "(no") {
remaining = "Calculating"
}
return [source, state, percent, remaining]
}
}
I have problems with special characters when using JSON in xcode 6 with swift
I found these codes in Cocoa/objective C to solve some problems converting accent but could not make it work in Swift. Any suggestions for how to use it? ... best alternative suggestions would also be cool ...
Thanks
NSString *input = #"\\u5404\\u500b\\u90fd";
NSString *convertedString = [input mutableCopy];
CFStringRef transform = CFSTR("Any-Hex/Java");
CFStringTransform((__bridge CFMutableStringRef)convertedString, NULL, transform, YES);
NSLog(#"convertedString: %#", convertedString);
// prints: 各個都, tada!
It's fairly similar in Swift, though you still need to use the Foundation string classes:
let transform = "Any-Hex/Java"
let input = "\\u5404\\u500b\\u90fd" as NSString
var convertedString = input.mutableCopy() as NSMutableString
CFStringTransform(convertedString, nil, transform as NSString, 1)
println("convertedString: \(convertedString)")
// convertedString: 各個都
(The last parameter threw me for a loop until I realized that Boolean in Swift is a type alias for UInt - YES in Objective-C becomes 1 in Swift for these types of methods.)
Swift String extension:
extension String {
var unescapingUnicodeCharacters: String {
let mutableString = NSMutableString(string: self)
CFStringTransform(mutableString, nil, "Any-Hex/Java" as NSString, true)
return mutableString as String
}
}
Swift 3
let transform = "Any-Hex/Java"
let input = "\\u5404\\u500b\\u90fd" as NSString
var convertedString = input.mutableCopy() as! NSMutableString
CFStringTransform(convertedString, nil, transform as NSString, true)
print("convertedString: \(convertedString)")
// convertedString: 各個都