It's been a while, as I was hospitalized for 3 months after a motorcycle accident.
So I just got to renew my apple programming subscription :-)
I have another question that has been on my mind for quite some time.
In my iPad application I draw a triangle in the center of an iPad like this:
- (void)initTriangle
{
CGRect screenBound = [[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds];
CGSize screenSize = screenBound.size;
CGFloat screenWidth = screenSize.width;
CGFloat screenHeight = screenSize.height;
// draw triangle (TRIANGLE)
CGMutablePathRef path = CGPathCreateMutable();
CGPathMoveToPoint(path,NULL, 0.5*screenWidth, 0.5*screenHeight-25);
CGPathAddLineToPoint(path, NULL, 0.5*screenWidth-25, 0.5*screenHeight+25);
CGPathAddLineToPoint(path, NULL, 0.5*screenWidth+25, 0.5*screenHeight+25);
CGPathAddLineToPoint(path, NULL, 0.5*screenWidth, 0.5*screenHeight-25);
CAShapeLayer *triangle = [CAShapeLayer layer];
[triangle setPath:path];
[triangle setFillColor:[[UIColor blackColor] CGColor]];
[[[self view] layer] addSublayer:triangle];
CGPathRelease(path);
}
And I call this from my viewDidLoad like this:
[self initTriangle];
Now I'm trying to rotate this triangle with the rotation of my iPad around Z-Axis while laying flat on the table. I have a function that gives me the yaw readings in float and I'm calling my
-(void)updateTriangleWithYaw:(float)yaw
method, but I don't know what to exactly put in there to make it rotate.
here is what my method looks like so far:
-(void)updateTriangleWithYaw:(float)yaw
{
CGRect screenBound = [[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds];
CGSize screenSize = screenBound.size;
CGFloat screenWidth = screenSize.width;
CGFloat screenHeight = screenSize.height;
NSLog(#"YAW: %f", yaw);
Z += 2 * yaw;
Z *= 0.8;
CGFloat newR = R + 10 * yaw;
self.triangle.frame = CGRectMake(0.5*screenWidth, 0.5*screenHeight, newR, newR);
}
Any help will be greatly appreciated!
Thanks and be safe guys!!
You should set the layer's affineTransform. You can apply a rotation transform like:
[self.triangle setAffineTransform:CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(yaw)];
This method, setAffineTransform is a convenience to set the transform property of the layer, which is a more general type of transform CATransform3D. You can also set the transform of the layer directly, and if you want to do that you can make a rotation about the z-axis like:
self.triangle.transform = CATransform3DMakeRotation(yaw, 0, 0, 1);
In this case the first argument is the angle (in radians) and the last three arguments specify the axis of rotation.
Note that you should not assign or depend on the value of the frame property of a layer whose transform is not the identity (CGAffineTransformIdentity). When you use the transform property you should set the size and position of your layer by assigning the layer's center and bounds properties, and similarly you should read the center and bounds when you want to find out information about the layer's position and size.
Related
I have an UIImageView that I am moving around a circle with CGAffineTransformRotate. Works great! But when the user press a stop bottom I would like to the the actual x- / y- position of the UIImageView. So far I am always getting the original x- / y- values from when the UIImageView was created.
Is there a way to get the actual position, when the user stopped the rotation?
I have found the solution and share it in case someone is running a similar case:
From UIBezierPath I use the bounds information and this give me the position where the UIImageView stopped. Here the code:
UIBezierPath *path = [[UIBezierPath alloc] init];
[path addArcWithCenter:CGPointMake(iMiddleX, iMiddleY) radius:flR startAngle:degreesToRadians(flDegrees-0.01) endAngle:degreesToRadians(flDegrees) clockwise:YES];
CAKeyframeAnimation *pathAnimation = [CAKeyframeAnimation animationWithKeyPath:#"position"];
pathAnimation.calculationMode = kCAAnimationPaced;
pathAnimation.fillMode = kCAFillModeForwards;
pathAnimation.removedOnCompletion = NO;
pathAnimation.repeatCount = 1;
pathAnimation.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionDefault];
pathAnimation.duration = 1.0;
pathAnimation.path = path.CGPath;
NSInteger iX = path.bounds.origin.x;
NSInteger iY = path.bounds.origin.y;
i have the following situation , i'm trying to make a photo editor and i need to do scale,translate and rotate operations for an image with around center of view
the problem is that if i apply translate after 90 degree translate left is translate top and the anchor point is not the center of the view after translation
- (void)viewDidLoad
{
[super viewDidLoad];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view.
// ImageView
v = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 768, 500)];
[v setBackgroundColor:[UIColor redColor]];
// ImageView's Image
UIImage *img = [UIImage imageNamed:#"_my.jpg"];
[v setImage:img];
v.contentMode = UIViewContentModeScaleAspectFit;
v.layer.anchorPoint = CGPointMake(0.5, 0.5);
[self.view setBackgroundColor:[UIColor clearColor]];
// UiView containing ImageView
vc = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 768, 500)];
[vc addSubview:v];
[self.view addSubview:vc];
}
- (IBAction)Click:(id)sender {
// Translate
if ([sender tag] == 1) {
CGAffineTransform t0 = v.transform;
CGAffineTransform t1 = CGAffineTransformTranslate(t0, 10.0, 0.0);
v.transform = t1;
}
// Rotate
if ([sender tag] == 2) {
CGAffineTransform t0 = v.transform;
CGAffineTransform t1 = CGAffineTransformRotate(t0, DEGREES_TO_RADIANS(10));
v.transform = t1;
}
}
does anyone know how can i keep the center of view as the anchor point and translate after rotation to work properly ?
tx
Transformations with Origin
However, especially in 2D, you frequently need to add an origin displacement to your transformation. That's usually added to the beggining, and must be negated too, so:
// World Matrix with Origin
-OriginTranslation * Scale * Rotation * PositionTranslation
The same thing can also be done with a view matrix, but you add it to the end and this time you don't negate it:
// View Matrix with Origin
-PositionTranslation * -Rotation * Zoom * OriginTranslation
Transformations with Selective Origin
There are also some cases where you want to have an origin displacement, but you want it to affect only your scale and rotation, but not your translation. The way to handle that is to undo the origin transformation before reaching the translation component. For example, with the world matrix:
I don't remember, exactly, how transformation is applying for view, one from those should be work.
// World Matrix with Origin for Scale and Rotation
-OriginTranslation * Scale * Rotation * OriginTranslation * PositionTranslation
And the view matrix:
// View Matrix with Origin
-PositionTranslation * -OriginTranslation * -Rotation * Zoom * OriginTranslation
Example of transformations without origin, order: scale * rotation * translation
I need to draw lots of polygons 500k to a million on the iPad. After experimenting, I can only get only get 1 fps if that. This is just an example my real code has some good sized polygons.
Here are a few question:
Why don't I have to add the Quartz Framework to my project?
If many of the polygons repeat can I leverage that with views or are they too heavy etc?
Any alternatives, QTPaint can handle this but dips into the gpu. Is there is anything like QT or ios?
Can Opengl increase 2d performance of this type?
Example drawrect:
//X Y Array of boxes
- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect
{
int reset = [self pan].x;
int markX = reset;
int markY = [self pan].y;
CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
for(int i = 0; i < 1000; i++)//1,000,000
{
for(int j = 0; j < 1000; j++)
{
CGContextMoveToPoint(context, markX, markY);
CGContextAddLineToPoint(context, markX, markY + 10);
CGContextAddLineToPoint(context, markX + 10, markY + 10);
CGContextAddLineToPoint(context, markX + 10, markY);
CGContextAddLineToPoint(context, markX, markY);
CGContextStrokePath(context);
markX+=12;
}
markY += 12;
markX = reset;
}
}
The pan just move the array of boxes around on screen with pan gesture. Any help or hints would greatly appreciated.
The key issue with your example is that it is not optimized. Whenever drawRect: is called, the device is rendering all 1,000,000 squares. Worse still, it's making 6,000,000 calls to those APIs in the loop. If you want to refresh this view at even a modest 30fps, that is 180,000,000 calls / second.
With your 'simple' example, the size of the draw area is 12,000px × 12,000px; the maximum area you can display on the iPad's display is 768×1024 (assuming full-screen portrait). Therefore, the code is wasting a lot of CPU resources drawing outside the visible area. UIKit has ways of handling this scenario with relative ease.
When managing content that is significantly larger than the visible area, you should limit drawing to only that which is visible. UIKit has a couple of ways of handing this; UIScrollView in combination with a view backed by a CATiledLayer is your best bet.
Steps:
Disclaimer: This is specifically an optimization of your example code above
Create a new View Based Application iPad project
Add a reference to the QuartzCore.framework
Create a new class, say MyLargeView, subclassed from UIView and add the following code:
:
#import <QuartzCore/QuartzCore.h>
#implementation MyLargeView
- (void)awakeFromNib {
CATiledLayer *tiledLayer = (CATiledLayer *)[self layer];
tiledLayer.tileSize = CGSizeMake(512.0f, 512.0f);
}
// Set the layer's class to be CATiledLayer.
+ (Class)layerClass {
return [CATiledLayer class];
}
- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect {
// Drawing code
// only draws what is specified by the rect parameter
CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
// set up some constants for the objects being drawn
const CGFloat width = 10.0f; // width of rect
const CGFloat height = 10.0f; // height of rect
const CGFloat xSpace = 4.0f; // space between cells (horizontal)
const CGFloat ySpace = 4.0f; // space between cells (vertical)
const CGFloat tWidth = width + xSpace; // total width of cell
const CGFloat tHeight = height + ySpace;// total height of cell
CGFloat xStart = floorf(rect.origin.x / tWidth); // first visible cell (column)
CGFloat yStart = floorf(rect.origin.y / tHeight); // first visible cell (row)
CGFloat xCells = rect.size.width / tWidth + 1; // number of horizontal visible cells
CGFloat yCells = rect.size.height / tHeight + 1; // number of vertical visible cells
for(int x = xStart; x < (xStart + xCells); x++) {
for(int y = yStart; y < (yStart + yCells); y++) {
CGFloat xpos = x*tWidth;
CGFloat ypos = y*tHeight;
CGContextMoveToPoint(context, xpos, ypos);
CGContextAddLineToPoint(context, xpos, ypos + height);
CGContextAddLineToPoint(context, xpos + width, ypos + height);
CGContextAddLineToPoint(context, xpos + width, ypos);
CGContextAddLineToPoint(context, xpos, ypos);
CGContextStrokePath(context);
}
}
}
#end
Edit the view controller nib and add a UIScrollView to the view
Add a UIView to the UIScrollView and make sure it fills the UIScrollView
Change the class to MyLargeView
Set frame size of MyLargeView to 12,000×12,000
Finally, open up the view controller .m file and add the following override:
:
// Implement viewDidLoad to do additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
UIScrollView *scrollView = [self.view.subviews objectAtIndex:0];
scrollView.contentSize = CGSizeMake(12000, 12000);
}
If you look at the drawRect: call, it is only drawing into the area specified by the rect parameter, which will correspond to the tile size (512×512) for the CATiledLayer we configured in the awakeFromNib method. This will scale to a 1,000,000×1,000,000 pixel canvas.
Alternatives to look at are the ScrollViewSuite example, specifically 3_Tiling.
OpenGL is GPU hardware accelerated on iOS devices. Core Graphics drawing is not, and can be many many times slower when dealing with a large number of small graphics primitives (lines).
For lots of small squares, just writing them into a bitmap in C code is faster than Core Graphics line drawing. Then just draw the bitmap to the view once when done. But Open GL would be even faster.
point 4. OpenGL should do that fine. Check if you could reuse those objects and whether you could move some of the logic to GLSL code.
OpenGL performance optimization (in context of WebGL but most of it should apply): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rfQ8rKGTVlg
I don't know the details of iOS history so this may not have been an option when the question was first posted. However, I wanted to call out CAShapeLayer as a simple option when dealing with path performance problems. "iOS Core Animation: Advanced Techniques" (find it on Google Books) says CAShapeLayer "uses hardware-accelerated drawing" which I'm taking to mean that it's a GPU-based implementation. The same book has a good usage example in chapter 6, which boils down to this:
Create a CAShapeLayer
Configure its lineWidth, fillColor, strokeColor, etc.
Add the layer as a sublayer of your view's containerView.layer
To draw a path, just set it to the layer's "path" property
This made a gigantic performance difference in my app, as measured by Instruments. If your performance problem is path-based, don't wade into OpenGL before you've tried CAShapeLayer.
I encountered the same problem. After endless searching on google,CAShapeLayer saved me finally! Here is the detail steps you need to do:
Create a view with CAShapeLayer as it's layer type by override UIView's + (Class)layerClass method
Configure the layer's lineWidth, fillColor, strokeColor, etc.
Create an UIBezierPath instance
To draw a path,use UIBezierPath instance to add lines,curve,or acr etc, after you finished drawing, just set bezierPath.CGPath to the
layer's "path" property
Here is a simple demo to draw a simple curve when you touch the demo view:
//Simple ShapelayerView.m
-(instancetype)init {
self = [super init];
if (self) {
_bezierPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
CAShapeLayer *shapeLayer = (CAShapeLayer *)self.layer;
shapeLayer.lineWidth = 5;
shapeLayer.lineJoin = kCALineJoinRound;
shapeLayer.lineCap = kCALineCapRound;
shapeLayer.strokeColor = [UIColor yellowColor].CGColor;
shapeLayer.fillColor = [UIColor blueColor].CGColor;
}
return self;
}
+ (Class)layerClass {
return [CAShapeLayer class];
}
- (void) customDrawShape {
CAShapeLayer *shapeLayer = (CAShapeLayer *)self.layer;
[_bezierPath removeAllPoints];
[_bezierPath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(10, 10)];
[_bezierPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(2, 2) controlPoint:CGPointMake(50, 50)];
shapeLayer.path = _bezierPath.CGPath;
}
- (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet*)touches withEvent:(UIEvent*)event {
[super touchesBegan:touches withEvent:event];
[self customDrawShape];
}
I have a UIImageView with an image in it. I have rotated the image prior to display by setting the transform property of the UIImageView to CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(angle) where angle is the angle in radians.
I want to be able to create another UIImage that corresponds to the rotated version that I can see in my view.
I am almost there, by rotating the image context I get a rotated image:
- (UIImage *) rotatedImageFromImageView: (UIImageView *) imageView
{
UIImage *rotatedImage;
// Get image width, height of the bounding rectangle
CGRect boundingRect = [self getBoundingRectAfterRotation: imageView.bounds byAngle:angle];
// Create a graphics context the size of the bounding rectangle
UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(boundingRect.size);
CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
// Rotate and translate the context
CGAffineTransform ourTransform = CGAffineTransformIdentity;
ourTransform = CGAffineTransformConcat(ourTransform, CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(angle));
CGContextConcatCTM(context, ourTransform);
// Draw the image into the context
CGContextDrawImage(context, CGRectMake(0, 0, imageView.image.size.width, imageView.image.size.height), imageView.image.CGImage);
// Get an image from the context
rotatedImage = [UIImage imageWithCGImage: CGBitmapContextCreateImage(context)];
// Clean up
UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
return rotatedImage;
}
However the image is not rotated about its centre. I have tried all kinds of transforms concatenated with my rotate to get it to rotate around the centre but to no avail. Am I missing a trick? Is this even possible since I am rotating the context not the image?
Getting desperate to make this work now, so any help would be appreciated.
Dave
EDIT: I've been asked several times for my boundingRect code, so here it is:
- (CGRect) getBoundingRectAfterRotation: (CGRect) rectangle byAngle: (CGFloat) angleOfRotation {
// Calculate the width and height of the bounding rectangle using basic trig
CGFloat newWidth = rectangle.size.width * fabs(cosf(angleOfRotation)) + rectangle.size.height * fabs(sinf(angleOfRotation));
CGFloat newHeight = rectangle.size.height * fabs(cosf(angleOfRotation)) + rectangle.size.width * fabs(sinf(angleOfRotation));
// Calculate the position of the origin
CGFloat newX = rectangle.origin.x + ((rectangle.size.width - newWidth) / 2);
CGFloat newY = rectangle.origin.y + ((rectangle.size.height - newHeight) / 2);
// Return the rectangle
return CGRectMake(newX, newY, newWidth, newHeight);
}
OK - at last I seem to have done it. Any comments on the correctness would be useful... needed a translate, a rotate, a scale and an offset from the drawing rect position to make it work. Code is here:
CGAffineTransform transform = CGAffineTransformIdentity;
transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(transform, boundingRect.size.width/2, boundingRect.size.height/2);
transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(transform, angle);
transform = CGAffineTransformScale(transform, 1.0, -1.0);
CGContextConcatCTM(context, transform);
// Draw the image into the context
CGContextDrawImage(context, CGRectMake(-imageView.image.size.width/2, -imageView.image.size.height/2, imageView.image.size.width, imageView.image.size.height), imageView.image.CGImage);
// Get an image from the context
rotatedImage = [UIImage imageWithCGImage: CGBitmapContextCreateImage(context)];
I've got an NSView (myView) wrapped in an NSScrollView (myScrollView). Using zoom-in/out buttons, the user can alter the scale of myView. If the user is currently scrolled to a particular spot in myView, I'd like to keep that part of the view on-screen after the zooming has taken place.
I've got code that looks like this:
// preserve current position in scrollview
NSRect oldVisibleRect = [[myScrollView contentView] documentVisibleRect];
NSPoint oldCenter = NSPointFromCGPoint(CGPointMake(oldVisibleRect.origin.x + (oldVisibleRect.size.width / 2.0),
oldVisibleRect.origin.y + (oldVisibleRect.size.height / 2.0)));
// adjust my zoom
++displayZoom;
[self scaleUnitSquareToSize:NSSizeFromCGSize(CGSizeMake(0.5, 0.5))];
[self calculateBounds]; // make sure my frame & bounds are at least as big as the visible content view
[self display];
// Adjust scroll view to keep the same position.
NSRect newVisibleRect = [[myScrollView contentView] documentVisibleRect];
NSPoint newOffset = NSPointFromCGPoint(CGPointMake((oldCenter.x * 0.5) - (newVisibleRect.size.width / 2.0),
(oldCenter.y * 0.5) - (newVisibleRect.size.height / 2.0)));
if (newOffset.x < 0)
newOffset.x = 0;
if (newOffset.y < 0)
newOffset.y = 0;
[[myScrollView contentView] scrollToPoint: newOffset];
[myScrollView reflectScrolledClipView: [myScrollView contentView]];
And it seems sort of close, but it's not quite right and I can't figure out what I'm doing wrong. My two questions are:
1) Is there not a built-in something along the lines of:
[myView adjustScaleBy: 0.5 whilePreservingLocationInScrollview:myScrollView];
2) If not, can anyone see what I'm doing wrong in my "long way around" approach, above?
Thanks!
Keeping the same scroll position after scaling isn't easy. One thing you need to decide is what you mean by "the same" - do you want the top, middle, or bottom of the visible area before scaling to stay in place after scaling?
Or, more intuitively, do you want the position that stays in place a percentage down the visible rect equal to the percentage that you are scrolled down the document when you start (eg, so the center of the scroller's thumb doesn't move up or down during a scale, the thumb just grows or shrinks).
If you want the latter effect, one way to do it is get the NSScrollView's verticalScroller and horizontalScroller, and then read their 'floatValue's. These are normalized from 0 to 1, where '0' means you're at the top of the document and 1 means you're at the end. The nice thing about asking the scroller for this is that if the document is shorter than the NSScrollView, the scroller still returns a sane answer in all cases for 'floatValue,' so you don't have to special-case this.
After you resize, set the NSScrollView's scroll position to be the same percentage it was before the scale - but, sadly, here's where I wave my hands a little bit. I haven't done this in a while in my code, but as I recall you can't just set the NSScrollers' 'floatValue's directly - they'll LOOK scrolled, but they won't actually affect the NSScrollView.
So, you'll have to write some math to calculate the new top-left point in your document based on the percentage you want to be through it - on the y axis, for instance, it'll look like, "If the document is now shorter than the scrollView's contentView, scroll to point 0, otherwise scroll to a point that's ((height of contentView - height of documentView) * oldVerticalPercentage) down the document." X axis is of course similar.
Also, I'm almost positive you don't need a call to -display here, and in general shouldn't ever call it, ever. (-setNeedsDisplay: at most.)
-Wil
Me thinks you like to type too much… ;-)
// instead of this:
NSPoint oldCenter = NSPointFromCGPoint(CGPointMake(oldVisibleRect.origin.x +
(oldVisibleRect.size.width / 2.0),
// use this:
NSPoint oldCenter = NSMakePoint(NSMidX(oldVisibleRect), NSMaxY(oldVisibleRect));
// likewise instead of this:
[self scaleUnitSquareToSize:NSSizeFromCGSize(CGSizeMake(0.5, 0.5))];
// use this:
[self scaleUnitSquareToSize:NSMakeSize(0.5, 0.5)];
// and instead of this
NSPoint newOffset = NSPointFromCGPoint(CGPointMake(
(oldCenter.x * 0.5) - (newVisibleRect.size.width / 2.0),
(oldCenter.y * 0.5) - (newVisibleRect.size.height / 2.0)));
// use this:
NSPoint newOffset NSMakePoint(
(oldCenter.x - NSWidth(newVisibleRect)) / 2.f,
(oldCenter.y - NSHeight(newVisibleRect)) / 2.f);
This is an old question, but I hope someone looking for this finds my answer useful...
float zoomFactor = 1.3;
-(void)zoomIn
{
NSRect visible = [scrollView documentVisibleRect];
NSRect newrect = NSInsetRect(visible, NSWidth(visible)*(1 - 1/zoomFactor)/2.0, NSHeight(visible)*(1 - 1/zoomFactor)/2.0);
NSRect frame = [scrollView.documentView frame];
[scrollView.documentView scaleUnitSquareToSize:NSMakeSize(zoomFactor, zoomFactor)];
[scrollView.documentView setFrame:NSMakeRect(0, 0, frame.size.width * zoomFactor, frame.size.height * zoomFactor)];
[[scrollView documentView] scrollPoint:newrect.origin];
}
-(void)zoomOut
{
NSRect visible = [scrollView documentVisibleRect];
NSRect newrect = NSOffsetRect(visible, -NSWidth(visible)*(zoomFactor - 1)/2.0, -NSHeight(visible)*(zoomFactor - 1)/2.0);
NSRect frame = [scrollView.documentView frame];
[scrollView.documentView scaleUnitSquareToSize:NSMakeSize(1/zoomFactor, 1/zoomFactor)];
[scrollView.documentView setFrame:NSMakeRect(0, 0, frame.size.width / zoomFactor, frame.size.height / zoomFactor)];
[[scrollView documentView] scrollPoint:newrect.origin];
}