I set up two NSViews (a toolbar which overlaps view1) with the help of the interface builder / auto layout and then in -(void)awakeFromNib I call
[self.view1 setWantsLayer:YES];
[self.toolbar setWantsLayer:YES];
to make the views layer-backed so I can animate them later on. I found out that if I call setWantsLayer on the toolbar after I call it on view1 it gets displayed over view1 not caring about the order in the interface builder. So far, so good.
My question is: how can I change the order of the views later on in code. Calling
self.toolbar.zPosition = 0;
self.view1.zPosition = 1;
doesn't do anything. Since I'm feeling not so confident with CALayers:
Is there something I'm missing?
And is there a good tutorial for CALayers - I read the docs, but didn't understand everything (concept of layer-hosting views, sublayers, ...)
edit
an image for better understanding (I want to animate the transparency of the green view so the black toolbar is over the red view and the green view is gone. and back to green view):
You need to add the second view relative to the first using addSubview:positioned:relativeTo:. The layer index is relative only to that layers in the parent layer, not the view hierarchy its self.
For example,
[hostingView addSubview:topView
positioned:NSWindowAbove
relativeTo:bottomView];
Related
I got a problem with Cocoa and its View redraw hierarchy.
I'm currently testing displaying (audio) levels in a meter style control and I'm using the MeteringView class from MatrixMixerTest example project from apple. This class is drawing the meter and only drawing the difference what got changed which looks like a very efficient class.
My project is splitted into 2 splitviews, in some are NSCollectionViews (Scrollview, Clipview) and in others are only static views. If I add the meter to those "static" views they work fine when these views call setNeedsDisplay:YES. If a meter is added to the view of a CollectionView Item it gets rendered, but loosing its drawn "old level" parts and its corners/background. I think this happens because the CollectionView item gets also called to be redrawn (which has a background image) and everything is gone. It is drawing some parts whats currently changing (the drawing works).
Is there a way to prevent the Item itself to be redrawn? Or, I dont know why it is not happening in those static views, because those views also have background images but do not draw over the meter.
Are there some tricks or whats different in a CollectionView than in a "normal" view?
EDIT: After reading about isOpaque (MeteringView isOpaque = YES) means it should not call the parent views drawRect if set to yes. Well that works for the static views, those MeteringViews do not call parents drawRect, but those in a CollectionView do however. I dont know why.
EDIT 2: I gave this topic another title, because isOpaque=YES in MeteringView is not stopping calling the parents drawRect in a CollectionView, in a normal view it is working. Are there some things to know about? I have to stop redrawing the CollectionView Item because thats the problem.
Thanks in advance guys
Benjamin
isOpaque is just hint to the system. It does not prevent other views from drawing their contents, it only means that it can sometimes skip making other views update their contents.
If your view is opaque, it should draw itself as opaque and completely fill its bounds.
I have an application with an NSTableView in a window. I want to use a CALayer as the background for the entire window, and the table view. In all my my experiments so far, the CALayer always draws over the NSTableView, which is not the effect I'm looking for. Is there a way to make this work, or am I simply out of luck due to the nature of layer-hosting views vs NSViews?
My test setup is a window with the usual NSScrollView/NSTableView combo, and a sibling NSView behind it in the view order. The NSView is set to be layer-hosting with my custom layer within it (just a layer with a backgroundColor set). I've experimented with setting the window's content view to be layer-backed, as well as the table view itself, as well as wrapping the NSScrollView in a layer-backed NSView. The result is always the same.
Thanks for any insight you might be able to provide.
It is simple. all overlapping views or layers should be layer backing or layer hosting for correct ordering.
you can set [tableview setWantsLayer:YES]
or simply check it in the layers tab when editing the interface.
I have an NSView in IB which sits above the app window. I have a subclass of NSView (AddSource) which I assign to the NSView.
On awakeFromNib I instantiate the view:
//add a new Add Source class
addSourceView = [[AddSource alloc] initWithFrame:NSMakeRect(0.0, 959.0, 307.0, 118.0)];
[[winMain contentView] addSubview:addSourceView];
in addSourceView's drawRect method I am adding a white background to the view:
[[NSColor whiteColor] set];
NSRectFill(rect);
[self setNeedsDisplay:YES];//added this to see if it might solve the problem
In winMain's contentView I have a NSButton that when clicked slides the addSourceView onto the window:
NSRect addSourceViewFrame = [addSourceView frame];
addSourceViewFrame.origin.y = 841.0;
[[addSourceView animator] setFrame:addSourceViewFrame];
But it seems as if the app is painting over the IBOutlets I placed on the NSView in IB. If, in IB, I repoistion the NSView so that it is on screen when the app launches everything works fine, the IBOutlets are there as well as the background color.
I'm not sure why this is happening. I've done this before with no problems. I must be doing something different this time.
Thanks for any help.
*note - on the 3rd screen capture, when I say this is what the app looks like when opened, that's when I hard code the Y position of the NSView. When it is functioning correctly it should open as screen capture 1.
Most likely your buttons and custom view are siblings, i.e. they are both subviews of your window's content view. Since siblings are "Stacked" depending on the order in which they are added, when you add the view in code it is being added on top of the buttons. You should be able to fix it by explicitly specifying where the view should be positioned relative to its new siblings like so:
[[winMain contentView] addSubview:addSourceView positioned:NSWindowBelow relativeTo:nil];
which should place it below any existing subviews of your window's content view. Also, remove the setNeedsDisplay: line in drawRect, that leads to unncessary, possibly infinite, redrawing.
EDIT: OK I see what you're doing.
I would suggest creating a standalove view in the NIB by dragging a "Custom View" object into the left hand side (the vertically-aligned archived objects section) and adding your controls there, that should ensure the controls are actualy subviews of the view, then you can just create a reference to the archived view in code, and add/remove it dynamically as needed.
Honestly though, you should probably be using a sheet for these kinds of modal dialogs. Why reinvent the wheel, and make your app uglier in the process?
You added TWO AddSource views to the window. You added one in IB - this view contains your textFields and buttons that are connected to the IBOutlets and it is positioned outside the window.
Then in -awakeFromNib you create another, blank AddSource view (containing nothing) and animate it into the window.
I can't recommend highly enough the Hillegass as the best introduction to IB and the correct way to build Cocoa Apps.
Also, Assertions can be useful to make sure what you think is happening is actually what is happening.
If you are certain you added a button to your view in IB, assert it is so:-
- (void)awakeFromNib {
NSAssert( myButton, #"did i hook up the outlet?");
}
NSAssert is a macro that has zero overhead in a release build.
Calling [self setNeedsDisplay:YES] from -drawRect just causes the same -drawRect to be called again. This will give you big problems.
When I make an NSScrollView a subview of a layer-backed view (for example by choosing an NSTextView or NSTableView from IB), I see strange drawing behavior in the scroll view's document view.
To illustrate, I created a simple project with an NSTextView in a window. The only code I wrote is to turn on layer-backing for the window's content view:
- (void)applicationDidFinishLaunching:(NSNotification *)aNotification
{
[[self.window contentView] setWantsLayer:YES];
}
This is the result when I type into the textview. The red underlines don't line up properly:
http://mowglii.com/random/screenshot.png
Also, the text and underlines jitter a lot when I resize the textview. I've seen the same jitter on resize when I use a tableview (inside a scrollview) instead of a textview.
Any idea what is going on?
NSScrollView indeed misbehaves badly when embedded in a layer-backed view.
Some serious trickery is needed to animate views containing scroll views. You could try turning on layer-backing only once you need to animate. You then need to force the drawing in order not to end up with an empty layer.
Usually, you will however need to go look much deeper in the back of tricks. Namely: Keep layer-backing switched off. Draw the view into an image, display that image in an overlay view with layer-backing enabled. Animate that view to an image of the final state. Then remove the overlay view to reveal the actual final state below.
I have made a window with an NSOpenGLView that I am rendering openGL content into.
I want to add some buttons and text fields to the view: I can add NSTextFields and NSButtons using interface builder (or code) but they do not appear.
NSOpenGLView is documented as not being able to have sub views, so I then made my own CustomGLView by deriving directly from NSView and implementing the code to create and use a NSOpenGLContext in it. But the subviews are still not appearing :- the OpenGL context paints over them.
On Windows this problem does not exist:- Windows used to host OpenGL MUST have the WS_CLIPCHILDREN and WS_CHIPSIBLINGS styles set ensuring that any peer, or sub children (views) will not be obscured by the OpenGL surface.
How do I get subviews to display over a NSView thats drawing using OpenGL ?
You have 2 choices:
Create a window just for the text field. Add as a child window of the one hosting the OpenGL view. Major downside is you have to manage positioning it correctly if the Open GL view is moved.
Set up your view hierarchy like so:
Layer-backed view
Layer-hosting view whose layer contains an OpenGL layer
Text field
Simply call -setWantsLayer:YES on the subviews of the NSOpenGLView.
NSOpenGLView cannot have subviews according to the documentation. Even if you subclass the NSOpenGLView, that will change nothing.
What you can do is to create a NSView that will hold both the NSOpenGLView and the NSTextField. You then overlap them in the right order to make one draw atop the other.
I'm not heavily into OpenGL yet, but it's my understanding that you can accomplish the visual effect of subviews with Quartz Extreme using layer-backed views; however, those may be problematic. Since subviews are not supported directly, any solution is liable to be a hack.
Indeed, the solution in that link actually hacks a second window to appear over your OpenGL display, the second window displaying the Cocoa views you desire.
The following code (from the above link) is something I've not tested (again not being an OpenGL guy by nature -- yet), but appears like a fairly clever approach:
// This is the GL Window and view you already have
glWindow = [[GLWindow alloc] initWithContentRect:windowRect];
glView = [[[GLView alloc] initWithFrame:NSMakeRect(0, 0, windowRect.size.width, windowRect.size.height)] autorelease];
[glView translateOriginToPoint:NSMakePoint(glView.bounds.size.width/2, glView.bounds.size.height/2)];
[glWindow setContentView:glView];
// And here's your transparent UI window
uiWindow = [[TransparentWindow alloc] initWithContentRect:windowRect];
uiView = [[[NSView alloc] initWithFrame:NSMakeRect(0, 0, windowRect.size.width, windowRect.size.height)] autorelease];
[uiView translateOriginToPoint:NSMakePoint(uiView.bounds.size.width/2, uiView.bounds.size.height/2)];
uiView.wantsLayer = YES;
[uiWindow setContentView:uiView];
[glWindow addChildWindow:uiWindow ordered:NSWindowAbove];
Again, I've not tested this, but it looks like it will get you the visual effect you desire.
The text can be rendered into a texture -- I just used this for a project, did a lot of looking for sample code, and ultimately found Apple's GLString demo code, which was an absolute trove of how-to:
http://developer.apple.com/library/mac/#samplecode/CocoaGL/Listings/GLString_m.html
I haven't tried adding buttons, but you can, of course, draw your own and comparing the positions of click events with those of your buttons...
This was my solution:
1) Create a parent NSView (let's call it parentView).
2) Add an NSOpenGLView Child to parentView.
3) Add an additional NSView Child to parentView (make sure this is after the OpenGLView within the hierarchy). You can add additional TextFields, etc. to this view.
4) In the ViewController for the parent make sure you call [parentView setWantsLayer: TRUE]; I did this within -(void) viewWillAppear
1) The NSOpenGLView can have a subview. It can have plenty even.
2) The reason some views, controls and other elements are being bullied by NSOpenGLView is due to the loading process when the Application launches. I.e If you add a slider or textfield above and into the content view of the window where the NSOpenGLView also resides, upon Application-Launch that textfield will most likely wind up beneath the NSOpenGLView.
This is an Apple Bug. And they know about it.
You can solve it quite easily even without adding a subview to NSOpenGLView...
In Interface Builder drag i.e. a CustomView into the canvas (Not the view). And set it the way you want it with sliders, text and what not. Then create an outlet (Call it i.e topView) in your view controller. Then somewhere in your code... Perhaps (applicationDidFinishLaunching) add this line...
[_window.contentView addSubview:_topView];
(Do your positioning & layout)
This will do the exact same thing as if you had dragged it into the contentView yourself inside IB. Only it will draw the darn thing in the correct Z position.
You loose IB's constraints this way and have to it manually
One could also just subclass and CAOpenGLLayer and use that as a backing layer inside of a regular NSView. There too it is drawn correctly...
Here is Apple's way of wanting to do that. CALayers are a Godsend ;)
Enter following String ** NSOpenGLLayer** in search and hit enter to get to where it is...
NSOpenGLLayer
Hope this helps....