I've got some troubles with an eloquent query.
Users have many feeds and feeds have many items.
I need to get all the items that belongs to the feeds of the user order by date.
I've got a pivot table:
feed_user
----------
- id
- feed_id
- user_id
and relationships are defined like this in my models:
class UsersController extends BaseController {
public function feeds() {
return $this->hasMany('feed');
}
class Feed extends \Eloquent {
protected $fillable = [];
public function users() {
return $this->belongsToMany('User');
}
public function items() {
return $this->hasMany('Item');
}
class Item extends \Eloquent {
protected $fillable = [];
public function feed() {
return $this->belongsTo('Feed');
}
But when I do this query...
Auth::user()->feeds->items->orderBy('date', 'DESC')->get();
It returns this error:
Cannot access protected property Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection::$items
There are a couple issues here.
First, the relationship on User model is not correct. A hasMany relationship is one half a one-to-many relationship. This would assume that a feed belongs to one user, and that the feed table has the user_id field. A many-to-many relationship is defined by adding a belongsToMany relationship on both models. So, a user belongsToMany feeds, and a feed belongsToMany users.
class User extends \Eloquent {
public function feeds() {
return $this->belongsToMany('feed');
}
}
Next, the error you're seeing is because Auth::user()->feeds returns a Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection object. You're then trying to access the items attribute on the Collection, which is protected and throws the error you're seeing.
Finally, since Laravel does not use joins for relationships, you cannot order a query by a field on a related table without manually doing the join yourself.
Try using eager loading:
Auth::user()->with('feeds.items')->orderBy('date', 'DESC')->get();
Related
Version: Laravel 5.4
I have 3 Models
Model: Employee
protected $fillable = ['name'];
public function emails(){
return $this->belongsToMany('App\Email')->using('App\EmailEmployee');
}
Model: Email
protected $fillable = ['username'];
public function employees(){
return $this->belongsToMany('App\Employee')->using('App\EmailEmployee');
}
Every Employee has many email access and emails allocates to many employees. But I have another column in email_employee table
email_id (emails table)
employee_id (employees table)
assigned_by (employees table)
how to make relation of assigned_by column with employees table
Pivot Model
use \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\Pivot;
class EmailEmployee extends Pivot{
public function assignedBy(){
return $this->belongsTo('App\Employee');
}
}
I tried
$email = Email::find(1);
dd($email->employee[0]->pivot->assignedBy);
But not working
Custom Intermediate Table Model
To solve your problem, you should look to use the ->using() method on the belongsToMany method.
The subsection "Defining Custom Intermediate Table Models" in this link briefly describes this. eloquent-relationships#many-to-many
You basically create a model for the pivot table so that you can define additional relations to it.
You can still access data from Blade and Controllers the way you are now as Laravel will still deal with the relationship for you. However, you can access the pivot table with ->pivot and as you have told laravel to use a model for the pivot table, you can also access all the relationship defined functions from that model.
Example:
Employee
class Employee extends Model
{
protected $fillable = ['name'];
public function emails(){
return $this->belongsToMany('App\Email')
->using('App\PivotModel');
}
}
Email
class Email extends Model
{
protected $fillable = ['username'];
public function employees(){
return $this->belongsToMany('App\Employee')
->using('App\PivotModel');
}
}
PivotModel
class EmailEmployee extends Pivot
{
public function assignedBy(){
return $this->belongsTo('App\Employee','assigned_by');
}
}
Be Sure to extend Pivot on the pivot model and not Model
Now you can just do:
$user->emails()->first()->pivot->assignedBy
The reason for the ->first() is that you have a many to many, meaning that you will be getting a collection of emails assigned to the user. You would normally loop through them but for this example, simply selecting the first will do the same.
If you just want the column value and not the relationship value, then add ->withPivot('assigned_by') which will allow you to access the value directly.
If you are wanting to audit when the assignment was made, then you may also want to add ->withTimestamps() if your pivot table has timestamps included, so that you can access those too.
Changes in Pivot model
Pivot Model
use \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\Pivot;
class EmailEmployee extends Pivot{
public function assignedBy(){
return $this->belongsTo('App\Employee','assigned_by');
}
}
You can use an custom pivot model
EmailEmployee
class EmailEmployee extends Pivot
{
public function giver()
{
return $this->belongsTo('App\Employee');
}
}
Employee
class Employee extends Model
{
public function emails(){
return $this->belongsToMany('App\Email')->using('App\EmailEmployee');
}
}
Email
class Email extends Model
{
public function employees()
{
return $this->belongsToMany('App\Employee')->using('App\EmailEmployee');
}
}
So you can access giver by $email->pivot->giver;
I have a table called invoiceDetails that has item_id as foreign key from another table called items which has category_id as foreign key from table called categories.
I want to do that following using eloquent:
$result = InvoiceDetail::groupBy('item_id')
->selectRaw('sum(qty) as qty, item_id')->with('item', 'category')->get();
but I am getting error:
Call to undefined relationship [category] on model [App\InvoiceDetail].
Here's my relation inside Category model:
public function invoiceDetail() {
return $this->hasManyThrough('App\InvoiceDetail', 'App\Item', 'category_id', 'item_id');
}
Any suggestions?
Not sure you would even need a hasManyThrough relation here, unless you want to fetch all InvoiceDatail objects belonging to all items which in turn belong to the Category. That part is not clear from your question.
But in your example you are fetching items with their category from distinct item_id.
The reason this is not working is because you are trying to fetch the category relation from the InvoiceDetail object, which does not exist.
->with('item', 'category')
You want to load the Category based on the item relation, not based on the InvoiceDetail, try the dot notation (given that you did define the other relations)
->with('item.category')
Relations should be like this:
class InvoiceDetail extends Model
{
public function item()
{
return $this->belongsTo(\App\Item::class);
}
}
class Item extends Model
{
public function invoiceDetails()
{
return $this->hasMany(\App\InvoiceDetail::class);
}
public function category()
{
return $this->belongsTo(\App\Category::class);
}
}
class Category extends Model
{
public function items()
{
return $this->hasMany(\App\Item::class);
}
public function invoiceDetails()
{
return $this->hasManyThrough(\App\InvoiceDetail::class, \App\Item::class, 'category_id', 'item_id');
}
}
You would want to use the hasManyThrough if, for example, you have a Category and you want to load all the InvoiceDetails directly.
dd($category->invoiceDetails);
I am trying to keep a relationship between two tables in my database.
Users Table:
Id User_id Name
Contacts Table:
Id User_Id contacts
I am saving multiple contacts in the contacts table. Now i want to retrieve all the contacts saved to the User_ID. For that, i am trying to establish a hasOne relationship but i get a error for the following code can someone let me know what i am doing wrong? I am following the official documentation for this.
User model:
class users extends Model
{
protected $table = "users";
public function contacts()
{
return $this->hasOne('App\contacts','User_Id');
}
}
Contacts Model:
class contacts extends Model
{
public $table = "contacts";
public function Users(){
return $this->belongsTo('App\Users','User_id');
}
}
Controller:
public function eloquentget(){
$contacts = Users::find(1)->contacts->first();
return response()->json($contacts,200);
}
When i try this code in postman i get an Exception :
ErrorException
Trying to get property of non-object
What am i doing wrong? Any help will be appreciated.
Since you are saving multiple Contacts for any given User then you are using the wrong relation. You need to setup a One-Many relationship using hasMany().
class users extends Model
{
protected $table = "users";
public function contacts()
{
return $this->hasMany('App\contacts','User_Id','User_Id');
}
}
Try something like this
class users extends Model
{
protected $table = "users";
public function contacts()
{
return $this->hasMany('App\contacts','User_Id','User_Id');
}
}
And on your controller, You can use it like this
$contacts= User::find(1)->contacts; // it will return an array of collection
You don't need to use ->first(); because you already used relation hasOne
just use :
$contacts = Users::find(1)->contacts;
return response()->json($contacts,200);
I have three tables: users, ideas, and ideas_likes. The ideas_likes table looks like:
ideas_likes
------------
id primary key
user_id foreign key
idea_id foreign key
liked boolean
There's already a one-to-many relationship set up between users and ideas. It looks something like this:
class User extends Ardent implements UserInterface, RemindableInterface {
use UserTrait, RemindableTrait;
protected $table = 'users';
public function ideas()
{
return $this->hasMany('Idea');
}
}
Similarly, the idea model looks like this:
class Idea extends Ardent {
protected $table = 'ideas';
public function user()
{
return $this->belongsTo('User');
}
}
My first question is: How do I create the IdeaLike model? And once that is finished, using Eloquent, how do I retrieve all liked ideas for a user?
===========================================================================
Lucasgeiter's updated solution worked great.
First, there's no need to create an IdeaLike model. You just need a many-to-many relationship
User
public function ideas(){
return $this->belongsToMany('Idea', 'ideas_likes')->withPivot('liked');
}
Idea
public function users(){
return $this->belongsToMany('User', 'ideas_likes')->withPivot('liked');
}
(By adding withPivot I tell Laravel that I want to have the liked column from the pivot table included in the result)
Usage
$user = User::find(1);
$likedIdeas = $user->ideas()->where('liked', true)->get();
By the way: You don't need to specify the $table if it is the plural of the model name.
Update
It looks like you actually really do need both, a one-to-many and a many-to-many relation.
So your final relations would look like this:
User
public function ideas(){
return $this->hasMany('Idea');
}
public function liked(){
return $this->belongsToMany('Idea', 'ideas_likes')->withPivot('liked');
}
Idea
public function likes(){
return $this->belongsToMany('User', 'ideas_likes')->withPivot('liked');
}
public function user(){
return $this->belongsTo('User');
}
(I just chose names for the relations that made kind of sense to me. You can obviously change them)
Usage
Liked ideas by a certain user: (id = 1)
$ideas = Idea::where('user_id', 1)->whereHas('likes', function($q){
$q->where('liked', true);
})->get();
I have a posts and a users table.
In the posts table, i have a posts_author which is the ID of the user from the users table.
Is there an easy way to display the email address of the user, which is in the users table?
Cheers,
As long as you've set your relationships up it should just be a simple query.
http://laravel.com/docs/eloquent#relationships
Look at the one to many relationships.
(1 User, Multiple posts)
Remember to set the inverse of the relationship up also
If your model has the right relationships then should be as simple as $post->author->email().
You must tweak the author relationship because Eloquent assumes the key will be named author_id.
// Post
public function author() {
return $this->belongsTo('Author', 'posts_author');
}
// Author
public function posts() {
return $this->hasMany('Post');
}
Remember to use eager loading in case you are retrieving emails from more than one post object, or you will end up with n+1 queries.
Providing that you've configured the relationships properly, it should be pretty easy.
Post Model:
class Post extends Eloquent
{
protected $table = 'posts';
public function author()
{
return $this->belongsTo('User', 'posts_author');
}
}
Then User Model:
class User extends Eloquent
{
protected $table = 'users';
public function posts()
{
return $this->hasMany('Post', 'posts_author');
}
}
Then when loading the post you can do the following.
$post = Post::with('author')->find($id);
This will tell Eloquent to join on the users table and load the user data at the same time. Now you can just access all of the user information like this:
$post->author->username;
$post->author->email;
$post->author->id;
// etc etc
Obviously this is just a skeleton, but the assumption is that you have the rest setup.