I'm using a Mac with OS X Yosemite and Zsh.
By accident,I delete the content of three files below:
.bashrc
.bash_profile
.profile
After that ,when I open my terminal.
The Zsh will show fail under the last login information,it confused me ,and I want to know why.
You might want to look at a duplicate question: Zshell starts up with exit status of 1 after uninstalling RVM
It has an answer that solved the issue for me:
I found a .zlogin file on my system that contained some rvm-related code. I've deleted the code, and the problem is solved!
Zsh (by default) doesn't read from .bashrc, .bash_profile, or .profile, so the contents of these files shouldn't matter. You also didn't mention which .bashrc, .bash_profile, and .profile were erased… These files exist in both your /Users/username directory and /etc. The files sourced by zsh at startup are listed in the OS X zsh man page (man zsh in a terminal) under "STARTUP/SHUTDOWN FILES". The only reason it would call one of the previously mentioned files is if they were explicitly sourced in one of the default files.
My suggestions:
Check the contents of /etc/zshenv (this is the only zsh-specific file in my etc directory). Mine has only the following:
# system-wide environment settings for zsh(1)
if [ -x /usr/libexec/path_helper ]; then
eval `/usr/libexec/path_helper -s`
fi
Can you log in at all using zsh? If not, can you log in using another shell? You can do this in the OS X Terminal.app by going to Preferences -> General and changing the option for "Shells open with:" from "Default login shell" to Command (fill in another shell, i.e., /bin/bash or /bin/sh). If you can log in with any shell, try the following solution from this question:
Looking for the error
All shell output goes to the terminal, so you could just redirect it
when starting it. As you are looking for error messages during
initialisation, I'd suggest the following procedure:
Disable the problematic configurations
Open a terminal
Check the value of SHLVL: echo $SHLVL
Re-enable the configurations
Start a new z-shell from within the running shell with zsh 2> zsh-error.log, this redirects stderr to the file 'zsh-error.log'.
Check the value of SHLVL again. If it is bigger then previous value then exit the current shell (exit). (Explanation below)
Have a look at 'zsh-error.log' in the current directory.
If 'zsh-error.log' does not show anything, you may want to run zsh -x
2> zsh-error.log in step 5 instead. This provides a complete debug
output of anything zsh does. This can get quite huge.
As the answer suggests, those logs can get enormous if you are sourcing man files at startup. Just a bare shell should result in a reasonably small log file.
Finally, you can retrieve a list of all the files sourced by zsh on startup by running zsh -o sourcetrace.
Hope this helps.
Related
I am trying to create a permanent alias for my terminal. I put the alias in my ~/.profile, ~/.bashrc, and ~/.bash_profile files, previously empty. When I start a new terminal, bash does not recognize the alias, but if I source any of them, it does. Why are these not getting run when I open a terminal? I am on OSX.
Newer MacOS versions use zsh as the default shell for both Terminal and iTerm2. Run echo $SHELL to confirm if this is the case for you.
Zsh looks for a .zshrc file upon shell startup, so to continue using zsh while sourcing the contents of your bash profile, you can run the following:
echo "source ~/.bash_profile" >> ~/.zshrc
Open a new terminal window for the changes to take effect.
Two things need to happen here when using iTerm to get the loading of dotfiles to work.
First you should add the following to your .bash_profile
[[ -s ~/.bashrc ]] && source ~/.bashrc
Secondly you will need to ensure that in iTerm preferences your terminal is set to launch a login shell.
Hope this helps!
Using the default mac terminal, what worked for me was to add a command to run on start up to source my .bash_profile.
Preferences > Profile > Startup > Add command 'source ~/.bash_profile'
Mac terminal preferences window screenshot
Might be considered to be a bit hacky, but it does the trick.
Adding source ~/.profile to my .bash_profile worked for me.
As of High Sierra, both Terminal and iTerm want to load ~/.profile first. So I suggest you put one line in your .profile to make your Mac work like other Unixes:
source ~/.bash_profile
By editing this one file, you won't have to search through the menus of multiple apps to override Apple's bizarre behavior in each.
As of Catalina the default shell is now zsh. You can change it back to bash with chsh -s /bin/bash and that should load your .profile or .bash_profile
Why are your shell's initialization files not loading?
As with most things, It Depends ™
I recently experienced the same phenomenon and went through the following exercise to resolve it:
I use iTerm. iTerm runs a login shell by default. Verify in iTerm Preferences > General > Command > (*) Login Shell
Therefore, I know that ~/.bash_profile will always be called.
Knowing that, I put the following in my ~/.bash_profile file:
for file in ~/.{bashrc,bash_exports,bash_aliases,bash_functions}; do
[ -r "$file" ] && source "$file"
done
unset file
Notice that I use separate files for .bashrc, .bash_exports, etc. It keeps things separate and simple.
Note also that /etc/profile is loaded first, but since I have never used that system wide init file, I knew that that was not my problem. For details check out $ man bash
So, I started with my ~/.bash_profile file.
I found that when I installed Canopy Express that it's installer replaced the contents of my ~/.bash_profile file with the following content:
# Added by Canopy installer on 2017-04-19
# VIRTUAL_ENV_DISABLE_PROMPT can be set to '' to make the bash prompt show that Canopy is active, otherwise 1
alias activate_canopy="source '/Users/lex/dev/python/User/bin/activate'"
# VIRTUAL_ENV_DISABLE_PROMPT=1 source '/Users/lex/dev/python/User/bin/activate'
p.s. Canopy is an excellent, free python IDE, that I highly recommend.
Fortunately, I backup my ~/.bash* files so restoring that was easy and quickly fixed my issue.
My advice would be to understand the order of calls to your initialization files and start with the first one and work your way through them until you find the problem.
Oh, and you may want to verify which shell you are using (I use bash):
~ $ echo $SHELL
/usr/local/bin/bash
I am guessing you may use another shell, such as bash, tcsh, sh, zsh etc.
Put source .bash_profile into your appropriate 'bashrc' file will make the auto loading recovered, i.e.
.login for tcsh, .bash_profile for bash, .zshrc for zsh
My issue was solved by unchecking Preferences > General > tmux >
Use "tmux" profile rather than profile of the connecting session
Most likely, you need to create the files yourself as they appear not to exist by default. You should give them execute permission to make them run.
~ % sudo chmod 700 ~/.bash_profile
Also, you should check the ownership of the files. They should belong to current user rather than root. Otherwise, you will get permission denied error.
~ % ls -a -l
~ % sudo chown <user_name> ~/.bash_profile
Finally, please note that bash looks in your home directory for .bash_profile, .bash_login, and .profile in order. Bash will stop looking if the first is found.
This means if you have both .bash_profile and .profile files, the .profile will not run.
For more information
Hope this would help you.
Little late to the party but it seems that the file .zprofile is the equivalent to that of .bash_profile when loading zsh. I used this instead to execute a few commands on startup. Of course this only valid for a specific iTerm setup with zsh.
https://zsh.sourceforge.io/Intro/intro_3.html
So I'm installing some things for coding and personal usage, and I need to run this in the terminal (I'm on Mac if you didn't read the title).
~/.bash_profile
It just says permission denied, Im running OSX 10.8.4 Mountain Lion. How do I bypass this?
On MacOS: add source ~/.bash_profile to the end of ~/.zshrc.
Then this profile will be in effect when you open zsh.
You would never want to run that, but you may want to source it.
. ~/.bash_profile
source ~/.bash_profile
both should work. But this is an odd request, because that file should be sourced automatically when you start bash, unless you're explicitly starting it non-interactively. From the man page:
When bash is invoked as an interactive login shell, or as a non-interactive shell with the --login option, it first reads and executes commands from the file /etc/profile, if that file exists. After reading that file, it looks for ~/.bash_profile, ~/.bash_login, and ~/.profile, in that order, and reads and executes commands from the first one that exists and is readable. The --noprofile option may be used when the shell is started to inhibit this behavior.
If you change .bash_profile, it only applies to new Terminal sessions.
To apply it to an existing session, run source ~/.bash_profile. You can run any Bash script this way - think of executing source as the same as typing commands in the Terminal window (from the specified script).
More info: How to reload .bash_profile from the command line?
Bonus: You can make environment variables available to OSX applications - not just the current Bash session but apps like Visual Studio Code or IntelliJ - using launchctl setenv GOPATH "${GOPATH:-}"
As #kojiro said, you don't want to "run" this file. Source it as he says. It should get "sourced" at startup. Sourcing just means running every line in the file, including the one you want to get run. If you want to make sure a folder is in a certain path environment variable (as it seems you want from one of your comments on another solution), execute
$ echo $PATH
At the command line. If you want to check that your ~/.bash_profile is being sourced, either at startup as it should be, or when you source it manually, enter the following line into your ~/.bash_profile file:
$ echo "Hello I'm running stuff in the ~/.bash_profile!"
No need to start, it would automatically executed while you startup your mac terminal / bash. Whenever you do a change, you may need to restart the terminal.
~ is the default path for .bash_profile
I was getting this error on zsh(mac os Big Sur 11.3), This is how i solved this :-
Go to Terminal.
cd /users/<yourusername>
Once you reach here issue a command :
ls -al
You will see a lot of files and one specific file .zprofile. This is your user profile. We need to edit this.
After this we need to edit the file. Issue the below command :
nano .zprofile
Once you issue this command file will be opened for edit. Add the path details for maven.
M2_PATH="/Users//code/apache-maven-3.8.1/bin" //add your path of maven diretory
PATH="${PATH}:${M2_PATH}"
export PATH
press ctrl + X and save the file.
Issue command after saving the file :
source .zprofile
Once done, you will be able to run the mvn command.
If the problem is that you are not seeing your changes to the file take effect, just open a new terminal window, and it will be "sourced". You will be able to use the proper PATH etc with each subsequent terminal window.
I have installed Hadoop and every time I want to run it, first I have to do this:
source ~/.bash_profile
or it won't recognize the command hadoop
Why is that?
I am on OSX 10.8
Now that we've narrowed down the problem:
Run ps -p $$ at the command line to check if you are, in fact, using a bash shell.
Realize that you are in zsh, which means you should be editing your profile in .zshrc.
Copy the offending lines from .bash_profile to .zshrc, OR
Modify your .zshrc to directly source your .bash_profile.
UPDATE: Do what #TC1 mentions in the comments and keep the shell-specific code in each shell's own profile, and from those profiles, only source shell-agnostic code.
On Mac Catalina, I just had to open "preferences" on terminal and change the "shells open with" from "default" to "Command(complete path)", which the default path was "/bin/zsh". touch ~/.zshrc, if that file doesn't exist already, and copy/paste your stuff from ".bash_profile" into the ".zshrc" file.
To elaborate, with terminal running, I opened "settings" from the Terminal menu on the Mac navbar. On the "General" tab, look for "Shells open with" select "Command (complete path)", and type in /bin/zsh.
bash_profile.sh is applicable for bash shell.
if your default shell is not bash and if your default shell is someother shell for example zsh then you have to manually load the .bash_profile using source ~/.bash_profile.
You can always change the default shell to bash shell so that the .bash_profile file will be automatically loaded.
Inorder to automatically load .bash_profile, you can update your default shell to bash using the command chsh -s /bin/bash
cat /etc/shells will list the default shells available in the
machine
echo $SHELL will display the currently active shell in your machine
To change active shell to a different shell, use chsh -s /bin/bash.
Then echo $SHELL to verify if the shell has changed.
Terminal -> Preference -> profile -> Shell -> Run command : source ~/.bash_profile
Tick on run inside shell.
After doing all those , just logout and check weather everything works fine or not
I tried the approved answer. Changing the .zshrc file works for one of my machines. But for the other one, when I run ps -p $$, it is -sh under the command. And I changed both bash and zsh files, neither of them works for me this time.
So I found this
https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/html_node/Bash-Startup-Files.html
it mentioned
"When Bash is invoked as an interactive login shell, or as a non-interactive shell with the --login option, it first reads and executes commands from the file /etc/profile, if that file exists. "
so I went to that file /etc/profile and add "source ~/.bashrc" in that file. Then it works since every time a terminal is opened, it runs the command in that /etc/profile file.
Not sure if this is the best solution but it works.
sudo nano /etc/bashrc and change that, restarted the terminal and it finally remembered with command. Tried ~/.bash_profile and ~/.bashrc without success, just wasn't sourcing it.
Go to “Preferences/Profiles then look in the right window and find “shell”.
Once in that if your “Startup Run Command” hasn’t been turned on. Click the box to turn it on and in the command section type:
(If you made a .zsh file)
source .zsh ; clear
(If you made a .bash_profile)
source .bash_profile ; clear
Doing this ; clear
Will clear your terminal to a new page so that you don’t see your terminal display:
“Last login: etc
User#user-Mac ~ % source .zsh
If you typed the commands as I said you should just get this:
User#user-Mac ~ %
That way you will be greeted with a clear page with no extra jumbo. Also to make sure that your .zsh or .bash_profile aliases work type the following command to see a list of your custom aliases:
Alias
One alias I like to do is
alias LL=“ls -la”
This will display a tree or the directory you are in as well as hidden files.
I am using MacVim (basically gvim for the mac).
If I open macvim from the command line then my $PATH variable will be properly set.
If I open macvim via point and click with the finder, the $PATH variable will NOT be properly set.
Can anyone give me some insight?
Note: I know at least part of my path is set in ~/.bashrc, but I am not sure where the rest of it is set.
Examples:
If I open macvim from the terminal:
% gvim basic.tex
And then in MacVim I go:
:!echo $PATH
/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/sw/bin:/sw/sbin:/Applications/MacVim.app/Contents/M
acOS:/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/texbin:/usr/X11R6/bin
This is the right path.
When I open the file with the mouse (in finder)
When I go:
:!echo $PATH
/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin
It gives me a little path. Why?
I had this same issue but it only appeared after setting my default shell to zsh like so
export SHELL=/bin/zsh
It seems that there is a bug in the OS X zsh setup. The work around in brief is to merge /etc/zshenv into /etc/zprofile. In my case I didn't have a /etc/zprofile so just moving over the file did the trick:
sudo mv /etc/zshenv /etc/zprofile
This post describes the solution in more detail.
For me, simply creating a new symbolic link from .zprofile to .zshrc did the trick:
ln -s ~/.zshrc ~/.zprofile
The place to set environment variables
on the Mac for GUI applications (those started via loginwindow, the
Finder, etc.) is ~/.MacOSX/environment.plist
Alternately in MacVim you can choose to launch vim processes in a login-shell (look in the preferences).
For more info see this post.
The difference in the PATHs probably has something to do with the difference between a login shell (logging in) and a non-login shell (bringing up a console).
From the bash man page:
When bash is invoked as an interactive login shell ... it looks for ~/.bash_profile...
When an interactive shell that is not a login shell is started, bash reads and executes commands from /etc/bash.bashrc and ~/.bashrc...
What I did to get around this issue was to add the following code to my ~/.bash_profile, telling it to source my ~/.bashrc if it exists:
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
I am using MacVim (basically gvim for the mac).
If I open macvim from the command line then my $PATH variable will be properly set.
If I open macvim via point and click with the finder, the $PATH variable will NOT be properly set.
Can anyone give me some insight?
Note: I know at least part of my path is set in ~/.bashrc, but I am not sure where the rest of it is set.
Examples:
If I open macvim from the terminal:
% gvim basic.tex
And then in MacVim I go:
:!echo $PATH
/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/sw/bin:/sw/sbin:/Applications/MacVim.app/Contents/M
acOS:/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/texbin:/usr/X11R6/bin
This is the right path.
When I open the file with the mouse (in finder)
When I go:
:!echo $PATH
/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin
It gives me a little path. Why?
I had this same issue but it only appeared after setting my default shell to zsh like so
export SHELL=/bin/zsh
It seems that there is a bug in the OS X zsh setup. The work around in brief is to merge /etc/zshenv into /etc/zprofile. In my case I didn't have a /etc/zprofile so just moving over the file did the trick:
sudo mv /etc/zshenv /etc/zprofile
This post describes the solution in more detail.
For me, simply creating a new symbolic link from .zprofile to .zshrc did the trick:
ln -s ~/.zshrc ~/.zprofile
The place to set environment variables
on the Mac for GUI applications (those started via loginwindow, the
Finder, etc.) is ~/.MacOSX/environment.plist
Alternately in MacVim you can choose to launch vim processes in a login-shell (look in the preferences).
For more info see this post.
The difference in the PATHs probably has something to do with the difference between a login shell (logging in) and a non-login shell (bringing up a console).
From the bash man page:
When bash is invoked as an interactive login shell ... it looks for ~/.bash_profile...
When an interactive shell that is not a login shell is started, bash reads and executes commands from /etc/bash.bashrc and ~/.bashrc...
What I did to get around this issue was to add the following code to my ~/.bash_profile, telling it to source my ~/.bashrc if it exists:
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi