I am new to Unix shell scripting. I have a small task of moving files into another directory based on their names.
I have a directory named Cars containing .csv files. I have to read the .csv file names, and move each file into another directory based on the filename, as follows:
BMW_c.csv must go into the BMW/c/ directory.
Mercedes_x.csv must go into the Mercedes/x/ directory.
I tried using for and if loop but couldn`t do it till sub directory.
I highly appreciate your help.
Something like this might work
for f in *.csv; do
DIR="$( echo ${f%.*} | tr '_' '/')"
mkdir -p "./$DIR"
mv "$f" "$DIR"
done
It will read all *.csv files, replace '_' by '/' in the file names (with .csv removed), create the directory and move the file. There will be errors if there are no csv files in the current directory.
I have done this and tried,it works.If any modifications or enhancements in the script you can post your answers..
cd /DIR/Cars/BMW
for f in *.csv
do
filename="${f##*/}"
echo ${filename}
if [[ "${f}" == *c* ]]
then
echo "moving files..."
mv "${f}" /BMW/c/
fi
done
cd /DIR/Cars/Mercedes
for f in *.csv
do
filename="${f##*/}"
echo ${filename}
if [[ "${f}" == *x* ]]
then
echo "moving files..."
mv "${f}" /Mercedes/x/
fi
done
Related
I am trying to write in shell script to run this..
I guess it requires for syntax or find syntax..
but I am stuck dealing with scan every folder..
I have tried with "find" -maxdepth 1 -name "*.jpg | mv " but failed...
for every jpg files in every dir (folder1, folder2, folder3...folder5...etc)
move files to target dir which is parent dir.
if file name duplicated, move to dup dir.
DIR tree looks like this
Something like
for f in folder*/*.jpg; do
if [ -e "$(basename "$f")" ]; then
mv "$f" dup/
else
mv "$f" .
fi
done
run from the parent directory. Just iterates over every jpg in the folder subdirectories, moving to one place or another depending on if a file with that name already exists or not.
Slightly more efficient bash version:
for f in folder*/*.jpg; do
if [[ -e ${f##*/} ]]; then
mv "$f" dup/
else
mv "$f" .
fi
done
I have a bunch of files that end with .EHZ and I am trying to create a folder for each of these files and then move them into the corresponding folders. Also the files have a Z attached to the name that I would like to remove. So ideally i would have, for example these files
AAAAZBBBBZ.EHZ
CCCCZDDDDZ.EHZ
EEEEZFFFFZ.EHZ
Turn into the folders
AAAABBBB
CCCCDDDD
EEEEFFFF
What I have written so far is
dir0=pwd
for file in `ls *.EHZ`
do
name=echo $file | head 10
mkdir -p $name
mv "$file" "$name"
done
P.S. I have found many answers in stackoverflow that were addressed to this issue but not on shell so I figured I would ask.
Could you please try following. I have used cp command for safer side in my code, you could remove it and put it as mv in there to actually move files to folders.
for file in *.EHZ
do
name="${file%.*}"
actual_directory_name="${name::-1}"
if [[ ! -d "$actual_directory_name" ]]
then
mkdir "$actual_directory_name"
fi
cp "$file" "$actual_directory_name"
if [[ -s "$actual_directory_name/$file" ]]
then
echo "$file is moved Successfully to directory name $actual_directory_name now.."
else
echo "Please check seems $file is NOT moved to directory $actual_directory_name."
fi
done
I'm quite new in creating shell scripts.
I'm developing a shell script that will backup my files once a day only.
I need to check which *.war files are in three different folders (input folder, production folder, backup folder)
If the same files exists in the three directories, don't perform backup.
If it doesn't, it must move the files in folder 2 to folder 3.
This is what I've done so far.
===============================
TODAY=$(date +%d-%m-%Y)
INPUT=/home/bruno.ogasawara/entrada/
BACKUP=/home/bruno.ogasawara/backup/
PROD=/home/bruno.ogasawara/producao/
DIR1=$(ls $INPUT)
DIR2=$(ls $PROD)
DIR3=$(ls $BACKUP$TODAY)
for i in $DIR1; do
for j in $DIR2; do
for k in $DIR3; do
if [ $i == $j ] && [ $j == $k ]; then
exit 1; else
mv -f $PROD$j $BACKUP$TODAY
fi
done
done
done
mv -f $INPUT*.war $PROD
===============================
The verification is not working. Only thing working is the mv -f $INPUT*.war $PROD in the end.
Where am I missing something or doing something wrong?
Thanks in advance people.
What I understand is you want to sync those three folders.
In that case you should not modify the file names as we are using file names to compare them.Otherwise you should use md5 or sha checksums.But linux filesystem already has timestamps feature you don't have to attach date to filename.
In your code you used ls to list files ...but actually ls command lists files in column mode which is not comaptible with for loop in bash.
correct command is
find $DIR -maxdepth 1 -type f -exec basename {} \;
you want to sync the *.war files to all folders...then simply you can use this:
#!/bin/bash
DIR1=/home/bruno.ogasawara/entrada/
DIR2=/home/bruno.ogasawara/backup/
DIR3=/home/bruno.ogasawara/producao/
cp -n $DIR1/*.war $DIR2
cp -n $DIR1/*.war $DIR3
cp -n $DIR2/*.war $DIR1
cp -n $DIR2/*.war $DIR3
cp -n $DIR3/*.war $DIR1
cp -n $DIR3/*.war $DIR2
-n: will check if file already exists.it will not overwrite the existing file.
Currently learning some bash scripting and having an issue with a question involving listing all files in a given directory and stating if they are a file or directory. The issue I am having is that I only get either my current directory or if a specify a directory it will just say that it is a directory eg. /home/user/shell_scripts will return shell_scipts is a directory rather than the files contained within it.
This is what I have so far:
dir=$dir
for file in $dir; do
if [[ -d $file ]]; then
echo "$file is a directory"
if [[ -f $file ]]; then
echo "$file is a regular file"
fi
done
Your line:
for file in $dir; do
will expand $dir just to a single directory string. What you need to do is expand that to a list of files in the directory. You could do this using the following:
for file in "${dir}/"* ; do
This will expand the "${dir}/"* section into a name-only list of the current directory. As Biffen points out, this should guarantee that the file list wont end up with split partial file names in file if any of them contain whitespace.
If you want to recurse into the directories in dir then using find might be a better approach. Simply use:
for file in $( find ${dir} ); do
Note that while simple, this will not handle files or directories with spaces in them. Because of this, I would be tempted to drop the loop and generate the output in one go. This might be slightly different than what you want, but is likely to be easier to read and a lot more efficient, especially with large numbers of files. For example, To list all the directories:
find ${dir} -maxdepth 1 -type d
and to list the files:
find ${dir} -maxdepth 1 -type f
if you want to iterate into directories below, then remove the -maxdepth 1
This is a good use for globbing:
for file in "$dir/"*
do
[[ -d "$file" ]] && echo "$file is a directory"
[[ -f "$file" ]] && echo "$file is a regular file"
done
This will work even if files in $dir have special characters in their names, such as spaces, asterisks and even newlines.
Also note that variables should be quoted ("$file"). But * must not be quoted. And I removed dir=$dir since it doesn't do anything (except break when $dir contains special characters).
ls -F ~ | \
sed 's#.*/$#/& is a Directory#;t quit;s#.*#/& is a File#;:quit;s/[*/=>#|] / /'
The -F "classify" switch appends a "/" if a file is a directory. The sed code prints the desired message, then removes the suffix.
for file in $(ls $dir)
do
[ -f $file ] && echo "$file is File"
[ -d $file ] && echo "$file is Directory"
done
or replace the
$(ls $dir)
with
`ls $`
If you want to list files that also start with . use:
for file in "${dir}/"* "${dir}/"/.[!.]* "${dir}/"/..?* ; do
I am trying to loop through all the files in a directory.
I want to do some stuff on each file (convert it to xml, not included in example), then write the file to a new directory structure.
for file in `find /home/devel/stuff/static/ -iname "*.pdf"`;
do
echo $file;
sed -e 's/static/changethis/' $file > newfile +".xml";
echo $newfile;
done
I want the results to be:
$file => /home/devel/stuff/static/2002/hello.txt
$newfile => /home/devel/stuff/changethis/2002/hello.txt.xml
How do I have to change my sed line?
If you need to rename multiple files, I would suggest to use rename command:
# remove "-n" after you verify it is what you need
rename -n 's/hello/hi/g' $(find /home/devel/stuff/static/ -type f)
or, if you don't have rename try this:
find /home/devel/stuff/static/ -type f | while read FILE
do
# modify line below to do what you need, then remove leading "echo"
echo mv $FILE $(echo $FILE | sed 's/hello/hi/g')
done
Are you trying to change the filename? Then
for file in /home/devel/stuff/static/*/*.txt
do
echo "Moving $file"
mv "$file" "${file/static/changethis}.xml"
done
Please make sure /home/devel/stuff/static/*/*.txt is what you want before using the script.
First, you have to create the name of the new file based on the name of the initial file. The obvious solution is:
newfile=${file/static/changethis}.xml
Second you have to make sure that the new directory exists or create it if not:
mkdir -p $(dirname $newfile)
Then you can do something with your file:
doSomething < $file > $newfile
I wouldn't do the for loop because of the possibility of overloading your command line. Command lines have a limited length, and if you overload it, it'll simply drop off the excess without giving you any warning. It might work if your find returns 100 file. It might work if it returns 1000 files, but it might fail if your find returns 1000 files and you'll never know.
The best way to handle this is to pipe the find into a while read statement as glenn jackman.
The sed command only works on STDIN and on files, but not on file names, so if you want to munge your file name, you'll have to do something like this:
$newname="$(echo $oldname | sed 's/old/new/')"
to get the new name of the file. The $() construct executes the command and puts the results of the command on STDOUT.
So, your script will look something like this:
find /home/devel/stuff/static/ -name "*.pdf" | while read $file
do
echo $file;
newfile="$(echo $file | sed -e 's/static/changethis/')"
newfile="$newfile.xml"
echo $newfile;
done
Now, since you're renaming the file directory, you'll have to make sure the directory exists before you do your move or copy:
find /home/devel/stuff/static/ -name "*.pdf" | while read $file
do
echo $file;
newfile="$(echo $file | sed -e 's/static/changethis/')"
newfile="$newfile.xml"
echo $newfile;
#Check for directory and create it if it doesn't exist
$dirname=$(dirname "$newfile")
if [ ! -d "$dirname" ]
then
mkdir -p "$dirname"
fi
#Directory now exists, so you can do the move
mv "$file" "$newfile"
done
Note the quotation marks to handle the case there's a space in the file name.
By the way, instead of doing this:
if [ ! -d "$dirname" ]
then
mkdir -p "$dirname"
fi
You can do this:
[ -d "$dirname"] || mkdir -p "$dirname"
The || means to execute the following command only if the test isn't true. Thus, if [ -d "$dirname" ] is a false statement (the directory doesn't exist), you run mkdir.
It's a fairly common shortcut when you see shell scripts.
find ... | while read file; do
newfile=$(basename "$file").xml;
do something to "$file" > "$somedir/$newfile"
done
OUTPUT="$(pwd)";
for file in `find . -iname "*.pdf"`;
do
echo $file;
cp $file $file.xml
echo "file created in directory = {$OUTPUT}"
done
This will create a new file with name whatyourfilename.xml, for hello.pdf the new file created would be hello.pdf.xml, basically it creates a new file with .xml appended at the end.
Remember the above script finds files in the directory /home/devel/stuff/static/ whose file names match the matcher string of the find command (in this case *.pdf), and copies it to your present working directory.
The find command in this particular script only finds files with filenames ending with .pdf If you wanted to run this script for files with file names ending with .txt, then you need to change the find command to this find /home/devel/stuff/static/ -iname "*.txt",
Once I wanted to remove trailing -min from my files. i.e. wanted alg-min.jpg to turn into alg.jpg. so after some struggle, managed to figure something like this:
for f in *; do echo $f; mv $f $(echo $f | sed 's/-min//g');done;
Hope this helps someone willing to REMOVE or SUBTITUDE some part of their file names.