I am using JUnit4 in my application where I tried to test a UserService, the current test case is simple:
Create a user named 'admin' and save it to the database.
The other test case will rely on this user.
So I use the BeforeClass to insert the record, however I have to use the UserService to save the user, but spring does not support to inject static fields.
When I tried to create the UserService manually, I found that I have to fill the dependencies myself, I wonder if there is an alternative? Or there is something wrong with how I use JUnit?
#RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
#ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:spring/application-config.xml"})
public class UserServiceTest {
#Rule
public final ExpectedException exception = ExpectedException.none();
#Autowired
private UserService userService;
//#Autowired // sprint does not suport this
private static UserService us;
private static User u;
#BeforeClass
public static void before() {
us = new UserServiceImpl(); // this UserService instance can not be used, since I have to fill the dependencies manually
us.clear();
u = new User();
u.setUsername("admin");
u.setPassword("pass");
us.save(u);
}
#AfterClass
public static void after() {
userService.delete(u.getId());
}
#Test
public void testQuery() {
List<User> list = userService.find();
assertEquals(1, list.size());
}
#Test
public void testChangePassword() {
userService.changePassword(u.getId(), u.getPassword(), "newpass");
assertEquals("newpass", userService.findOne(u.getId()).getPassword());
exception.expect(ResourceNotFoundException.class);
userService.changePassword("1", "32", "ss");
exception.expect(ResourceNotFoundException.class);
userService.changePassword(u.getId(), "32", "ss");
}
}
Related
I am having dificulties with using MockMvc.
Here I have simple Service and controller classes:
Service:
#Slf4j
#Service
public class EmployeeService {
//...
public Employee GetSample() {
//...
//filling Employee Entities
return new Employee(
"Harriet"
, "random"
, 25);
}
}
controller:
#RestController
#RequestMapping(value = "/info")
#RequiredArgsConstructor(onConstructor = #__(#Autowired))
#Validated
public class EmployeeController {
private final EmployeeService employeeService;
#PostMapping("/GetEmployee")
public ResponseEntity<Employee> GetEmployee() {
Employee employee = employeeService.GetSample();
return new ResponseEntity<>(employee, HttpStatus.OK);
}
}
Test:
#RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
#SpringBootTest
public class EmployeeTestCase {
private MockMvc mockMvc;
#InjectMocks
private EmployeeController EmployeeController;
#Mock
private EmployeeService employeeService;
#Before
public void setUp() {
this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(employeeController).build();
}
#Test
public void getEmployee() throws Exception {
this.mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/info/GetEmployee")).andDo(print());
}
}
when I try to use MockMvc I get null body. It seems employee is null. But I didn't understand why.
I thought that when test uses perform, it should initialise employee and later on it should't be null.
I tried to cut the code as much as possible. I hope it is not long.
Note : also tried to use Mockito.when(employeeController.GetEmployee()).thenCallRealMethod();
The #SpringBootTest annotation loads the complete Spring application
context. That means you do not mock your layers
(Services/Controllers).
If you wanted to test specific layers of your application, you could look into test slice annotations offered by Springboot: https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/test-auto-configuration.html
In contrast, a test slice annotation only loads beans required to test a particular layer. And because of this, we can avoid unnecessary mocking and side effects.
An example of a Test Slice is #WebMvcTest
#ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
#WebMvcTest(controllers = HelloController.class,
excludeFilters = {
#ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.ASSIGNABLE_TYPE, classes = SecurityConfig.class)
}
)
public class HelloControllerTest {
#Autowired
private MockMvc mvc;
#Test
public void hello() throws Exception {
String hello = "hello";
mvc.perform(get("/hello"))
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andExpect(content().string(hello));
}
#Test
public void helloDto() throws Exception {
String name = "hello";
int amount = 1000;
mvc.perform(
get("/hello/dto")
.param("name", name)
.param("amount", String.valueOf(amount)))
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andExpect(jsonPath("$.name", is(name)))
.andExpect(jsonPath("$.amount", is(amount)));
}
}
However if you really wanted to load up the SpringBoot Application context, say for an Integration Test, then you have a few options:
#SpringBootTest
#AutoConfigureMockMvc
public class TestingWebApplicationTest {
#Autowired
private MockMvc mockMvc;
#Test
public void shouldReturnDefaultMessage() throws Exception {
this.mockMvc.perform(get("/")).andDo(print()).andExpect(status().isOk())
.andExpect(content().string(containsString("Hello, World")));
}
}
#RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
#SpringBootTest
public class AuctionControllerIntTest {
#Autowired
AuctionController controller;
#Autowired
ObjectMapper mapper;
MockMvc mockMvc;
#Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
System.out.println("setup()...");
mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(controller).build();
}
#Test
public void create_ValidAuction_ShouldAddNewAuction() throws Exception {
final Auction auction = new Auction(
"Standing Desk",
"Stand up desk to help you stretch your legs during the day.",
"Johnnie34",
350.00);
mockMvc.perform(post("/auctions")
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
.content(toJson(auction)))
.andExpect(status().isCreated());
}
}
Lets say you don't want to load up any layers at all, and you want to mock everything, such as for example a Unit Test:
#RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
class DemoApplicationTest {
#Mock
private UserRepository userRepository;
private Demo noneAutoWiredDemoInstance;
#Test
public void testConstructorCreation() {
MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
Mockito.when(userRepository.count()).thenReturn(0L);
noneAutoWiredDemoInstance = new Demo(userRepository);
Assertions.assertEquals("Count: 0", noneAutoWiredDemoInstance.toString());
}
}
This is my reader that work in job and step i'u using a repository to get users(public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User,Long>):
#Slf4j
public class Reader implements ItemReader<User> {
#Autowired
UserRepository userRepository;
private Iterator<User>userIterator;
#BeforeStep
public void before(StepExecution execution){
userIterator=userRepository.findAll().iterator();
}
#Override
public User read() {
if (userIterator != null && userIterator.hasNext()) {
User user=userIterator.next();
log.info("User-->"+user.toString());
return user;
} else {
return null;
}
}
}
This is my test class:
#RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
#ContextConfiguration(classes = {SpringBatchApplication.class, BatchTestConfiguration.class})
public class SpringBatchApplicationTest {
#Autowired
private JobLauncherTestUtils testUtils;
#Autowired
private BatchConfig config;
#Test
public void testEntireJob() throws Exception {
final JobExecution result = testUtils.getJobLauncher().run(config.processJob(), testUtils.getUniqueJobParameters());
Assert.assertNotNull(result);
Assert.assertEquals(BatchStatus.COMPLETED, result.getStatus());
}
#Test
public void testSpecificStep() {
Assert.assertEquals(BatchStatus.COMPLETED, testUtils.launchStep("orderStep1").getStatus());
}
}
When i`m running my test i got a :
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Cannot determine embedded database for tests. If you want an embedded database please put a supported one on the classpath.
What do i need to add to make determine of my database. Do i need to place application properties somewhere or something else?
There is how my test situate in project enter image description here
I would like to create Test for my rest controller:
#Controller
#RequestMapping("/v2/api/show/project")
public class ApiAccessController {
private final ApiAccessService apiAccessService;
#Autowired
ApiAccessController(ApiAccessService apiAccessService){
this.apiAccessService = apiAccessService;
}
#PutMapping(value = "/{id}/apikey")
public ResponseEntity<ApiKeyResponse> generateApiKey(#PathVariable("id")Long id, Principal principal) {
return apiAccessService.generateApiKey(id, principal.getName());
}
}
My test looks as follow:
#RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class ApiAccessControllerTest {
private MockMvc mockMvc;
Principal principal = new Principal() {
#Override
public String getName() {
return "TEST_PRINCIPAL";
}
};
#InjectMocks
ApiAccessController apiAccessController;
#Mock
ProjectRepository projectRepository;
#Before
public void setUp(){
mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(apiAccessController).build();
}
#Test
public void testGenerateApiKey() throws Exception {
Project project = new Project();
project.setId((long) 1);
project.setName("test");
project.setDescription("testdesc");
project.setCiid("ciid");
when(projectRepository.save(any(Project.class))).thenReturn(project);
mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.put("/v2/api/show/project/" + project.getId() +"/apikey").principal(principal))
.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk());
}
}
Which is ment to create project and then run generateApiKey on this project, however I get NullpointerException looking like mocked controller cannot find created entity
could anyone please point me in the right direction as I am just starting with testing?
You should mock ApiAccessService instead of ProjectRepository.
Have a look at the code:
#RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class ApiAccessControllerTest {
private MockMvc mockMvc;
private Principal principal = () -> "TEST_PRINCIPAL";
#InjectMocks
private ApiAccessController apiAccessController;
#Mock
private ApiAccessService apiAccessService;
#Before
public void setUp() {
mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(apiAccessController).build();
}
#Test
public void testGenerateApiKey() throws Exception {
long id = 1L;
when(apiAccessService.generateApiKey(id, principal.getName())).thenReturn(new ApiKeyResponse(111L));
mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.put("/v2/api/show/project/{id}/apikey", id).principal(principal))
.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk());
}
}
If you want to create integration test, that tests ApiAccessController -> ApiAccessService -> ProjectRepository integration you need to load your context (use for example #SpringBootTest).
Also you need to fix controller, use ResponseEntity.ok(...) :
#PutMapping(value = "/{id}/apikey")
public ResponseEntity<ApiKeyResponse> generateApiKey(#PathVariable("id") Long id, Principal principal) {
return ResponseEntity.ok(apiAccessService.generateApiKey(id, principal.getName()));
}
You can find really good examples of all test types in this repository MVC tests examples
The Mock you are creating is not referenced in the Controller. The Service you reference in the Controller is not part of your test setup. Therefore any access to the Service will cause a NullPointerException as the Service is not set.
I'm trying to #MockBean a #Repository annotated class:
#Repository
public interface ApplicationDao extends MongoRepository<Application, String> {}
I'm injecting it into a #Service annotated class:
#Service
public class AuthorizationService {
private ApplicationDao appsDao;
private List<Application> allowedApplications;
#Autowired
public AuthorizationService(ApplicationDao appsDao) {
this.appsDao = appsDao; //<<MOCKED INJECTED BEAN>>
this.fillApplications();
}
private void fillApplications() {
this.appsDao.findAll() //<<MOCKED method>>
.forEach(entry -> {
this.allowedApplications.put(entry.getName(), entry);
});
}
public bool isAuthorized(Application application) {
return this.allowedApplications
.stream()
.anyMatch(app -> app.getId().equals(application.getId()));
}
}
My test mocking configuration looks like:
#RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
#SpringBootTest()
public class GroupReferencesTest {
private #Autowired AuthorizationService;
private #MockBean ApplicationDao applicationDao;
#Before
public void setUp() {
Application testApplication = new Application();
testApplication.setName("test-application");
List<Application> allowedApplications = new ArrayList<Application>();
allowedApplications.add(testApplication);
Mockito
.when(this.applicationDao.findAll())
.thenReturn(allowedApplications);
}
#Test
public void test() {
Application app = new Application();
app.getId("test-application");
assertTrue(this.authorizationService.isAuthorized(app)); //<<FAILS>>
}
}
Nevertheless, my mocked object is not injected. I mean, when my AuthorizationService calls its injected ApplicationDao is returns an empty list instead of my mocked list.
I've tried to use #MockBean(name="applicationDao") as well. The behavior is the same.
I've also tried to configure my mocked bean using this code:
#TestConfiguration
public class RestTemplateTestConfiguration {
#Bean("applicationDao")
#Primary
public static ApplicationDao mockApplicationDao() {
ApplicationDao mock = Mockito.mock(ApplicationDao.class);
Application testApplication = new Application();
testApplication.setName("test-application");
List<Application> allowedApplications = new ArrayList<Application>();
allowedApplications.add(testApplication);
Mockito
.when(mock.findAll())
.thenReturn(allowedApplications);
return mock;
}
}
However, it doesn't works right.
Application class is:
public class Application {
private String id;
//setters & getters
}
Any ideas?
First things first - the type of test. Answer: Unit test.
You are starting Spring context that manages a lifecycle of AuthorizationService and then you are trying to inject mock. What really happens is that Spring IoC container is injecting a real ApplicationDao (the one managed by Spring IoC container) into the AuthorizationService.
Solution:
Manage lifecyle of AuthorizationService by your test runner (like MockitoJUnitRunner and inject ApplicationDao mock into it):
#RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class GroupReferencesTest {
private #InjectMocks AuthorizationService authorizationService;
private #Mock ApplicationDao applicationDao;
#Before
public void setUp() {
Application testApplication = new Application();
testApplication.setName("test-application");
List<Application> allowedApplications = new ArrayList<Application>();
allowedApplications.add(testApplication);
Mockito
.when(this.applicationDao.findAll())
.thenReturn(allowedApplications);
}
#Test
public void test() {
Application app = new Application();
app.getId("test-application");
assertTrue(this.authorizationService.isAuthorized(app));
}
}
Working example
#RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
#SpringBootTest(classes = {AuthorizationService.class})
public class GroupReferencesTest {
#Autowired
private AuthorizationService;
#MockBean
private ApplicationDao applicationDao;
#Test
public void test() {
//given
Mockito.when(applicationDao.findAll()).thenReturn(emptyList());
//when & then
assertTrue(authorizationService.isAuthorized(app));
}
}
I´m having issues with my test cases after having introduced #Autowired in one of the classes under test.
My testcase now looks like this:
#RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
#ContextConfiguration(locations={"/applicationContext.xml", "/spring-security.xml"})
public class StudentRepositoryTest extends AbstractDatabaseTestCase {
private StudentRepository studentRepository;
private CompanyRepository companyRepository;
private Student testStudent;
private Company testCompany;
#Before
public void setUp() {
studentRepository = new StudentRepository();
studentRepository.setJdbcTemplate(getJdbcTemplate());
testStudent = Utils.testStudentNoApplication();
}
#Test
....
}
StudentRepository now looks like this:
#Service
public class StudentRepository extends AbstractRepository<Student> {
...
private PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder;
private MailService mailService;
public StudentRepository() {
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
#Autowired
public StudentRepository(MailService mailService, PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder) {
this.mailService = mailService;
this.passwordEncoder = passwordEncoder;
}
Obviously this test case won´t work anymore.
But what changes do I need to make to the testcase for the #Autowired annotation to be picked up by the test case?
EDIT:
I´ve now updated my setUp() to this (I need the password encoder to avoid null password):
#Before
public void setUp() {
//studentRepository = new StudentRepository();
studentRepository = new StudentRepository(mock(MailService.class), ctx.getAutowireCapableBeanFactory().createBean(ShaPasswordEncoder.class));
studentRepository.setJdbcTemplate(getJdbcTemplate());
testStudent = Utils.testStudentNoApplication();
}
My testcase is now running OK, but my testsuite failes with a NullPointerException.
I´m guessing the ApplicationContext is not being Autowired when running the testsuite for some reason?
If you don't want to declare your StudentRepository in one of XML files referenced by #ContextConfiguration and autowire it into the test, you can try to use AutowireCapableBeanFactory as follows:
...
public class StudentRepositoryTest extends AbstractDatabaseTestCase {
...
#Autowired ApplicationContext ctx;
#Before
public void setUp() {
studentRepository = ctx.getAutowireCapableBeanFactory()
.createBean(StudentRepository.class);
...
}
...
}