I am making a game with randomized planets and I want the program to:
1. Allow the user to name the planet
2. Take the name the user wrote and add it to a list of planets
3. Have this new variable contain the value of another variable called "CurrentPlanet" (CurrentPlanet is a variable containing planet stats. I already made that variable!)
The main problem is, I have no idea how to create a dictionary to hold all the planets the user has visited.
Here's my code:
print "Planet analysis complete."
planetName = (raw_input('Please name the planet: '))
inputPlanet = planetName
vars()[planetName] = CurrentPlanet
print inputPlanet
print CurrentPlanet
What I want the UI to look like after this is:
Please name the planet: Alpha32
You've named your current planet "Alpha32".
Its stats are (stats, etcetcetcetcetcetc)
Planet "Alpha32" added to log, number (planet number on list of visited planets)
This is pretty simple
planets = []
stats = {} # dictionary
planetName = raw_input("Please name the planet: ")
print ("You've named your current planet " + planetName + ".")
planets.append(planetName)
print planets
Related
The final code will print the distance between states. I'm trying to print the menu with the names of the states numbered and vertically. I really struggle to find my mistakes.
This code doesn't raise any error, it just prints nothing, empty.
state_data = """
LA 34.0522°N 118.2437°W
Florida 27.6648°N 81.5158°W
NY 40.7128°N 74.0060°W"""
states = []
import re
state_data1 = re.sub("[°N#°E]", "", state_data)
def process_states(string):
states_temp = string.split()
states = [(states_temp[x], float(states_temp[x + 1]), float(states_temp[x + 2])) for x in
range(0, len(states_temp), 3)]
return states
def menu():
for state_data in range(state_data1):
print(f'{state_data + 1} {name[number]}')
My first guess is, your code does not print anything without errors because you never actually execute process_airports() nor menu().
You have to call them like this at the end of your script:
something = process_airports(airport_data1)
menu()
This will now raise some errors though. So let's address them.
The menu() function will raise an error because neither name nor number are defined and because you are trying to apply the range function over a string (airport_data1) instead of an integer.
First fixing the range error: you mixed two ideas in your for-loop: iterating over the elements in your list airport_data1 and iterating over the indexes of the elements in the list.
You have to choose one (we'll see later that you can do both at once), in this example, I choose to iterate over the indexes of the list.
Then, since neither name nor number exists anywhere they will raise an error. You always need to declare variables somewhere, however, in this case they are not needed at all so let's just remove them:
def menu(data):
for i in range(len(data)):
print(f'{i + 1} {data[i]}')
processed_airports = process_airports(airport_data1)
menu(processed_airports)
Considering data is the output of process_airports()
Now for some general advices and improvements.
First, global variables.
Notice how you can access airport_data1 within the menu() function just fine, while it works this is not something recommended, it's usually better to explicitly pass variables as arguments.
Notice how in the function I proposed above, every single variable is declared in the function itself, there is no information coming from a higher scope. Again, this is not mandatory but makes the code way easier to work with and understand.
airport_data = """
Alexandroupoli 40.855869°N 25.956264°E
Athens 37.936389°N 23.947222°E
Chania 35.531667°N 24.149722°E
Chios 38.343056°N 26.140556°E
Corfu 39.601944°N 19.911667°E"""
airports = []
import re
airport_data1 = re.sub("[°N#°E]", "", airport_data)
def process_airports(string):
airports_temp = string.split()
airports = [(airports_temp[x], float(airports_temp[x + 1]), float(airports_temp[x + 2])) for x in
range(0, len(airports_temp), 3)]
return airports
def menu(data):
for i in range(len(data)):
print(f'{i + 1} {data[i]}')
# I'm adding the call to the functions for clarity
data = process_airports(airport_data1)
menu(data)
The printed menu now looks like that:
1 ('Alexandroupoli', 40.855869, 25.956264)
2 ('Athens', 37.936389, 23.947222)
3 ('Chania', 35.531667, 24.149722)
4 ('Chios', 38.343056, 26.140556)
5 ('Corfu', 39.601944, 19.911667)
Second and this is mostly fyi, but you can access both the index of a iterable and the element itself by looping over enumerate() meaning, the following function will print the exact same thing as the one with range(len(data)). This is handy if you need to work with both the element itself and it's index.
def menu(data):
for the_index, the_element in enumerate(data):
print(f'{the_index + 1} {the_element}')
I have the following code
# Random Strategy Selection: ramdomly choose a strategy within each player's strategy profile for each game in the input list
def RandomStrategySelection(): # Return the vectors with the selected
P = pool_of_games
j=10 #number of iterations
s=1 #current round
random_strategy=[] #combination of randomly chosen strategies for each player
random_pool=[] #pool of selected random strategies for the input vector games
rp=random_pool
while s<=j:
for game in range (0, len(P)):
p1=random.choice(P[game][0][0:3]) #random choice within p1(row)'s strategy profile
p2=random.choice(P[game][0][4:8]) #random choice within p2(column)'s strategy profile
random_strategy=[p1,p2]
random_pool.append(random_strategy)
s=s+1
return(rp)
def FitnessEvaluation(): # Return the rank of fitness of all evaluated games
for game in range (0,len(rp)):
pf1=rp[game][0]
pf2=rp[game][1]
fitness=payoff1+payoff2
return(fitness)
#fitness: f(G)=(F(G)*j+s)/j - F(G)=pf1+pf2
RandomStrategySelection generates a list of objects, such as
[[0,2][3,1]]
FitnessEvaluation is supposed to use that list, but I cant get it running. FitnessEvaluation doesn't seem to recognize the list created, even after I stored it in the rp variable. Any thoughts? Thanks!
You stored it in a local rp variable. This is distinct from the local rp variable in RandomStrategySelection.
The standard way to handle this is to save the return value (in the calling program) and pass it to the next one, such as:
pool = RandomStrategySelection()
how_fit = FitnessEvaluation(pool)
... and give the second function a signature that declares the parameter:
FitnessEvaluation(rp):
for game in range (0,len(rp)):
....
So I am doing a project on trip start and end points for a bike sharing program. I have two .csv files - one with the trips, which shows a start and end station ID (e.g. Start at 1, end at 5). I then have another .csv file which contains the lat/lon coordinates for each station number.
How do I join these together? I basically just want to create a lat and lon column alongside my trip data so it's one .csv file ready to be mapped.
I am completely new to R and programming/data in general so go easy! I realize it's probably super simple. I could do it by hand in excel but I have over 100,000+ trips so it might take a while...
Thanks in advance!
You should be able to achieve this using just Excel and the VLOOKUP function.
You would need your two CSV files in the same spreadsheet but on different tabs. Your stations would need to be in order of ID (you can order it in Excel if you need to) and then follow the instructions in the video below.
Example use of VLOOKUP.
Hope that helps!
Here is a step-by-step on how to use start and end station ids from one csv, and get the corresponding latitude and longitudes from another.
In technical terms, this shows you how to make use of merge() to find commonalities between two data frames:
Files
Firstly, simple fake data for demonstration purposes:
coordinates.csv:
station_id,lat,lon
1,lat1,lon1
2,lat2,lon2
3,lat3,lon3
4,lat4,lon4
trips.csv:
start,end
1,3
2,4
Import
Start R or rstudio in the same directory containing the csvs.
Then import the csvs into two new data frames trips and coords. In R console:
> trips = read.csv('trips.csv')
> coords = read.csv('coordinates.csv')
Merges
A first merge can then be used to get start station's coordinates:
> trip_coords = merge(trips, coords, by.x = "start", by.y = "station_id")
by.x = "start" tells R that in the first data set trips, the unique id variable is named start
by.y = "station_id" tells R that in the second data set coords, the unique id variable is named station_id
this is an example of how to merge data frames when the same id variable is named differently in each data set, and you have to explicitly tell R
We check and see trip_coords indeed has combined data, having start, end but also latitude and longitude for the station specified by start:
> head(trip_coords)
start end lat lon
1 1 3 lat1 lon1
2 2 4 lat2 lon2
Next, we want the latitude and longitude for end. We don't need to make a separate data frame, we can use merge() again, and build upon our trip_coords:
> trip_coords = merge(trip_coords, coords, by.x = "end", by.y = "station_id")
Check again:
> head(trip_coords)
end start lat.x lon.x lat.y lon.y
1 3 1 lat1 lon1 lat3 lon3
2 4 2 lat2 lon2 lat4 lon4
the .x and .y suffixes appear because merge combines two data frames, and our data frame 1 was trip_coords which already had a lat and lon, and data frame 2 coords also has lat and lon. So the merge() function needed to help us tell them apart after merge, so
for data frame 1, aka original trip_coords, lat and lon is automatically renamed to lat.x and lon.x
for data frame 2, aka coords, has lat and lon is automatically renamed to lat.y and lon.y
But now, the default result puts variable end first. We may prefer to see the order start followed by end, so to fix this:
> trip_coords = trip_coords[c(2, 1, 3, 4, 5, 6)]
we re-order and then save the result back into trip_coords
We can check the results:
> head(trip_coords)
start end lat.x lon.x lat.y lon.y
1 1 3 lat1 lon1 lat3 lon3
2 2 4 lat2 lon2 lat4 lon4
Export
> write.csv(trip_coords, file = "trip_coordinates.csv", row.names = FALSE)
saves csv
where file = to set the file path to save to. In this case just trip_coordinates.csv so this will appear in the current working dir, where you have the other csvs
row.names = FALSE otherwise by default, the first column is filled with automatic row numbers
You can check the results, for example on Linux, on your command prompt:
$ cat trip_coordinates.csv
"","start","end","lat.x","lon.x","lat.y","lon.y"
"1",1,3,"lat1","lon1","lat3","lon3"
"2",2,4,"lat2","lon2","lat4","lon4"
So now you have a method for taking trips.csv, getting lat/lon for each of start and end, and outputting a csv again.
Automation
Remember that with R you can automate, write the exact commands you want to run, save it in a myscript.R, so if your source data changes and you wish to re-generate the latest trip_coordinates.csv without having to type all those commands again, you have at least two options to run the script
Within R or the R console you see in rstudio:
> source('myscript.R')
Or, if on the Linux command prompt, use Rscript command:
$ Rscript myscript.R
and the trip_coordinates.csv would be automatically generated.
Further resources
How to Use the merge() Function...: Good VENN diagrams of the different joins
I need help with the following H.W. problem. I have done everything except the instructions I numbered. Please help!
A furniture manufacturer makes two types of furniture—chairs and sofas.
The cost per chair is $350, the cost per sofa is $925, and the sales tax rate is 5%.
Write a Visual Basic program to create an invoice form for an order.
After the data on the left side of the form are entered, the user can display an invoice in a list box by pressing the Process Order button.
The user can click on the Clear Order Form button to clear all text boxes and the list box, and can click on the Quit button to exit the program.
The invoice number consists of the capitalized first two letters of the customer’s last name, followed by the last four digits of the zip code.
The customer name is input with the last name first, followed by a comma, a space, and the first name. However, the name is displayed in the invoice in the proper order.
The generation of the invoice number and the reordering of the first and last names should be carried out by Function procedures.
Seeing as this is homework and you haven't provided any code to show what effort you have made on your own, I'm not going to provide any specific answers, but hopefully I will try to point you in the right direction.
Your first 2 numbered items look to be variations on the same theme... string manipulation. Assuming you have the customer's address information from the order form, you just need to write 2 separate function to take the parts of the name and address, take the data you need and return the value (which covers your 3rd item).
To get parts of the name and address to generate the invoice number, you need to think about using the Left() and Right() functions.
Something like:
Dim first as String, last as String, word as String
word = "Foo"
first = Left(word, 1)
last = Right(word, 1)
Debug.Print(first) 'prints "F"
Debug.Print(last) 'prints "o"
Once you get the parts you need, then you just need to worry about joining the parts together in the order you want. The concatenation operator for strings is &. So using the above example, it would go something like:
Dim concat as String
concat = first & last
Debug.Print(concat) 'prints "Fo"
Your final item, using a Function procedure to generate the desired values, is very easily google-able (is that even a word). The syntax is very simple, so here's a quick example of a common function that is not built into VB6:
Private Function IsOdd(value as Integer) As Boolean
If (value Mod 2) = 0 Then 'determines of value is an odd or even by checking
' if the value divided by 2 has a remainder or not
' (aka Mod operator)
IsOdd = False ' if remainder is 0, set IsOdd to False
Else
IsOdd = True ' otherwise set IsOdd to True
End If
End Function
Hopefully this gets you going in the right direction.
I have two arrays and I want to see the total number of matches, between the arrays individual items that their are.
For example arrays with:
1 -- House, Dog, Cat, Car
2 -- Cat, Book, Box, Car
Would return 2.
Any ideas? Thanks!
EDIT/
Basically I have two forms (for two different types of users) that uses nested attributes to store the number of skills they have. I can print out the skills via
current_user.skills.each do |skill| skill.name
other_user.skills.each do |skill| skill.name
When I print out the array, I get: #<Skill:0x1037e4948>#<Skill:0x1037e2800>#<Skill:0x1037e21e8>#<Skill:0x1037e1090>#<Skill:0x1037e0848>
So, yes, I want to compare the two users skills and return the number that match. Thanks for your help.
This works:
a = %w{house dog cat car}
b = %w{cat book box car}
(a & b).size
Documentation: http://www.ruby-doc.org/core/classes/Array.html#M000274
To convert classes to an array using the name, try something like:
class X
def name
"name"
end
end
a = [X.new]
b = [X.new]
(a.map{|x| x.name} & b.map{|x| x.name}).size
In your example, a is current_user.skills and b is other_users.skills. x is simply a reference to the current index of the array as the map action loops through the array. The action is documented in the link I provided.