when insert values into table the values are displayed unclear
here is the create statement
CREATE TABLE DEPARTMENTMANAGER(
MANAGER_ID INTEGER,
LAST_NAME VARCHAR(50),
FIRST_NAME VARCHAR(50),
PHONE_NUMBER INTEGER,
SSN INTEGER,
PRIMARY KEY (MANAGER_ID)
);
INSERT INTO DEPARTMENTMANAGER
VALUES
(120.'TOM','JERRY',2233445,109-38-2483);
SELECT * FROM DEPARTMENTMANAGER;
The data which I have inserted is displaying in random way:
After you create a table run the below line to fix the issue.
set linesize 200;
There is no problem with your data. The problem is with a way that result is presented to you.
Your client program, you use to connect to DB, does not have enough width so header and data are wrapped.
You can change the width and/or change the font size in your terminal.
Related
Is there anyway that we can set a constraint in database table level to have upper or lower case values for certain columns? When we create a table, we can set NOT NULL to avoid having null values on a column. Same way, can we do that for either uppercase or lower case?
You can do that using a check constraint:
create table foo
(
only_lower varchar(20) not null check (lower(only_lower) = only_lower),
only_upper varchar(20) not null check (upper(only_upper) = only_upper)
);
I had almost same case, tried with check constraint, but if the user is not mentioning it as UPPER() or LOWER() it gives error so I took TRIGGER route as below code.
--creating table
create table user_name (
first_name varchar2(50),
last_name varchar2(50));
--creating trigger
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER TRG_USER_NAME_IU
BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE ON USER_NAME
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
:NEW.FIRST_NAME := UPPER(:NEW.FIRST_NAME);
:NEW.LAST_NAME := UPPER(:NEW.LAST_NAME);
END;
/
Can test and share feedback or comments
I'm wondering is it possible to use a constraint to set the value of one column to be sum of two others. For example given the following tables:
CREATE TABLE Room (
Room_Num NUMBER(3),
Room_Band_ID NUMBER(2),
Room_Type_ID NUMBER(2),
Room_Price NUMBER(4),
PRIMARY KEY (Room_Num),
FOREIGN KEY(Room_Band_ID)
REFERENCES Room_Band(Room_Band_ID),
FOREIGN KEY(Room_Type_ID)
REFERENCES Room_Type(Room_Type_ID)
);
CREATE TABLE Booking (
Booking_ID NUMBER(10) NOT NULL,
GuestID NUMBER(4) NOT NULL,
StaffID NUMBER(2) NOT NULL,
Payment_ID NUMBER(4) NOT NULL,
Room_Num NUMBER(3) NOT NULL,
CheckInDate DATE NOT NULL,
CheckOutDate DATE NOT NULL,
Booking NUMBER(2) NOT NULL,
Price NUMBER(4),
PRIMARY KEY (Booking_ID),
FOREIGN KEY(GuestID)
REFERENCES Guest(GuestID),
FOREIGN KEY(StaffID)
REFERENCES Staff(StaffID),
FOREIGN KEY(Payment_ID)
REFERENCES Payment(Payment_ID),
FOREIGN KEY(Room_Num)
REFERENCES Room(Room_Num)
);
I know it is possible to do something like:
Constraint PriceIs CHECK (Booking.Price=(Room.Room_Price*
(Booking.CheckOutDate - Booking.CheckInDate)));
Is it also possible to set up a constraint that doesn't just ensure that the price is correct, but to calculate the price automatically into the price field for the relevant tuple?
Update,
So I've tried to set up a trigger as follows:
CREATE OR REPLACE trigger PriceCompute
AFTER INSERT ON Booking
FOR each row
BEGIN
UPDATE Booking
SET
SELECT (Room.Room_Price*(Booking.CheckOutDate - Booking.CheckInDate))
INTO
Booking.Price
FROM Booking
JOIN ROOM ON Booking.Room_Num = Room.Room_Num
END;
/
But I'm getting the following errors back:
Can anyone see where I'm going astray here, as its beyond me.
Yes, you can. Here are your options. Listed in order of my personal preference:
You can have a table without this column. And create a view that will be calculating this column on a fly.
You may use oracle virtual columns
create table Room (
...
price NUMBER GENERATED ALWAYS AS (room_price*(checkOut-checkIn)) VIRTUAL,
...)
You may use actual column (same as 2, per Dave Costa):
create table Room (
...
price AS (room_price*(checkOut-checkIn)),
...)
You can write trigger to populate it (like Mat M suggested)
You can write stored procedure, but it will be an overkill in this situation
I think you would have to put a trigger on both tables for whenever the price value of the room is changed or the checkout/in dates are changed, it will update the PriceIs field from your calculation.
If you don't need the calculated portion stored in an actual field, you can always create a view that calculates it whenever you look at the view.
I think the better solution is to use a view that calculates the value on the fly. But regarding your attempt to create a trigger, you should use :new.<column_name> to refer to the values being inserted into the Booking table. You don't need to perform updates and queries on that table to get or modify the values in the row that is being inserted*. You just refer to them as variables. So you would want to do something like:
SELECT (Room.Room_Price*(:new.CheckOutDate - :new.CheckInDate))
INTO
:new.Price
FROM ROOM WHERE :new.Room_Num = Room.Room_Num
*In fact, you can't perform queries or updates on the table whose modification invoked the trigger in the first place. You would get the infamous "mutating table" error if your trigger actually compiled and ran.
I am trying to use the "Create Table As Select" feature from Oracle to do a fast update. The problem I am seeing is that the "Null" field is not being preserved.
I defined the following table:
create table mytable(
accountname varchar2(40) not null,
username varchar2(40)
);
When I do a raw CTAS, the NOT NULL on account is preserved:
create table ctamytable as select * from mytable;
describe ctamytable;
Name Null Type
----------- -------- ------------
ACCOUNTNAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2(40)
USERNAME VARCHAR2(40)
However, when I do a replace on accountname, the NOT NULL is not preserved.
create table ctamytable as
select replace(accountname, 'foo', 'foo2') accountname,
username
from mytable;
describe ctamytable;
Name Null Type
----------- ---- -------------
ACCOUNTNAME VARCHAR2(160)
USERNAME VARCHAR2(40)
Notice that the accountname field no longer has a null, and the varchar2 field went from 40 to 160 characters. Has anyone seen this before?
This is because you are no longer selecting ACCOUNTNAME, which has a column definition and meta-data. Rather you are selecting a STRING, the result of the replace function, which doesn't have any meta-data. This is a different data type entirely.
A (potentially) better way that might work is to create the table using a query with the original columns, but with a WHERE clause that guarantees 0 rows.
Then you can insert in to the table normally with your actual SELECT.
By having query of 0 rows, you'll still get the column meta-data, so the table should be created, but no rows will be inserted. Make sure you make your WHERE clause something fast, like WHERE primary_key = -999999, some number you know would never exist.
Another option here is to define the columns when you call the CREATE TABLE AS SELECT. It is possible to list the column names and include constraints while excluding the data types.
An example is shown below:
create table ctamytable (
accountname not null,
username
)
as
select
replace(accountname, 'foo', 'foo2') accountname,
username
from mytable;
Be aware that although this syntax is valid, you cannot include the data type. Also, explicitly declaring all the columns somewhat defeats the purpose of using CREATE TABLE AS SELECT.
<code>
sql>CREATE TABLE Employees
(
Id int,
Name varchar(50) not null,
Photo varbinary(max) not null
)
</code>
This code is showing error like this:
photo varbinary(max) not null
*
ERROR at line 5:
ORA-00907: missing right parenthesis
Please help
You should use BLOB (Binary Large Object) which is ideal for storing multimedia content like images.
Check this out for storing images using BLOB.
You can create the table like below and insert into the table, below are the sample scripts for that
create table graphics_table (
bfile_id number,
bfile_desc varchar2(30),
bfile_loc bfile,
bfile_type varchar2(4));
INSERT INTO graphics_table
VALUES(4,'April Book of Days Woodcut',bfilename('GIF_FILES','APRIL.JPG'),'JPEG');
INSERT INTO graphics_table
VALUES(30,'',bfilename('GIF_FILES','SHAPIROS.GIF'),'GIF');
If u need more Info on this please refer to
http://www.dba-oracle.com/t_storing_insert_photo_pictures_tables.htm
First the question that has been posted is for SQL
varbinary(max) is a new datatype in sql2012
Cast f(x) will be used in order to convert the image into Binary format.
The insert query for the insertion of image is
insert into Employees values(1, 'ABC', cast('path\abc.jpeg') as varbinary(max));
In SQL we will be having a sequence. But it should be appended to a variable like this
M1,M2,M3,M4....
Any way of doing this ?
Consider having the prefix stored in a separate column in the table, e.g.:
CREATE TABLE mytable (
idprefix VARCHAR2(1) NOT NULL,
id NUMBER NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT mypk PRIMARY KEY (idprefix, id)
);
In the application, or in a view, you can concatenate the values together. Or, in 11g you can create a virtual column that concatenates them.
I give it 99% odds that someone will say "we want to search for ID 12345 regardless of the prefix" and this design means you can have a nice index lookup instead of a "LIKE '%12345'".
select 'M' || my_sequence.nextval from dual;