I am trying to collect elements from an array like below
#arr.collect(&:title)
But sometimes the #arr can have some values and it throws undefined method error. So using try as below.
So how can i handle it with try method?
You can use the way below:
#arr.collect {|e| e.respond_to?(:title) ? e.title : nil }
Or if your Ruby version > 2.3.0, safe navigation operator can be used instead of Rails try:
#arr.collect { |e| e&.title }
Related
I would like to know whether I can get source code a method on the fly, and whether I can get which file is this method in.
like
A.new.method(:a).SOURCE_CODE
A.new.method(:a).FILE
Use source_location:
class A
def foo
end
end
file, line = A.instance_method(:foo).source_location
# or
file, line = A.new.method(:foo).source_location
puts "Method foo is defined in #{file}, line #{line}"
# => "Method foo is defined in temp.rb, line 2"
Note that for builtin methods, source_location returns nil. If want to check out the C source code (have fun!), you'll have to look for the right C file (they're more or less organized by class) and find the rb_define_method for the method (towards the end of the file).
In Ruby 1.8 this method does not exist, but you can use this gem.
None of the answers so far show how to display the source code of a method on the fly...
It's actually very easy if you use the awesome 'method_source' gem by John Mair (the maker of Pry):
The method has to be implemented in Ruby (not C), and has to be loaded from a file (not irb).
Here's an example displaying the method source code in the Rails console with method_source:
$ rails console
> require 'method_source'
> I18n::Backend::Simple.instance_method(:lookup).source.display
def lookup(locale, key, scope = [], options = {})
init_translations unless initialized?
keys = I18n.normalize_keys(locale, key, scope, options[:separator])
keys.inject(translations) do |result, _key|
_key = _key.to_sym
return nil unless result.is_a?(Hash) && result.has_key?(_key)
result = result[_key]
result = resolve(locale, _key, result, options.merge(:scope => nil)) if result.is_a?(Symbol)
result
end
end
=> nil
See also:
https://rubygems.org/gems/method_source
https://github.com/banister/method_source
http://banisterfiend.wordpress.com/
Here is how to print out the source code from ruby:
puts File.read(OBJECT_TO_GET.method(:METHOD_FROM).source_location[0])
Without dependencies
method = SomeConstant.method(:some_method_name)
file_path, line = method.source_location
# puts 10 lines start from the method define
IO.readlines(file_path)[line-1, 10]
If you want use this more conveniently, your can open the Method class:
# ~/.irbrc
class Method
def source(limit=10)
file, line = source_location
if file && line
IO.readlines(file)[line-1,limit]
else
nil
end
end
end
And then just call method.source
With Pry you can use the show-method to view a method source, and you can even see some ruby c source code with pry-doc installed, according pry's doc in codde-browing
Note that we can also view C methods (from Ruby Core) using the
pry-doc plugin; we also show off the alternate syntax for show-method:
pry(main)> show-method Array#select
From: array.c in Ruby Core (C Method):
Number of lines: 15
static VALUE
rb_ary_select(VALUE ary)
{
VALUE result;
long i;
RETURN_ENUMERATOR(ary, 0, 0);
result = rb_ary_new2(RARRAY_LEN(ary));
for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
if (RTEST(rb_yield(RARRAY_PTR(ary)[i]))) {
rb_ary_push(result, rb_ary_elt(ary, i));
}
}
return result;
}
I created the "ri_for" gem for this purpose
>> require 'ri_for'
>> A.ri_for :foo
... outputs the source (and location, if you're on 1.9).
GL.
-r
Internal methods don't have source or source location (e.g. Integer#to_s)
require 'method_source'
User.method(:last).source
User.method(:last).source_location
I had to implement a similar feature (grab the source of a block) as part of Wrong and you can see how (and maybe even reuse the code) in chunk.rb (which relies on Ryan Davis' RubyParser as well as some pretty funny source file glomming code). You'd have to modify it to use Method#source_location and maybe tweak some other things so it does or doesn't include the def.
BTW I think Rubinius has this feature built in. For some reason it's been left out of MRI (the standard Ruby implementation), hence this hack.
Oooh, I like some of the stuff in method_source! Like using eval to tell if an expression is valid (and keep glomming source lines until you stop getting parse errors, like Chunk does)...
I would like to use something similar to Lodash's get and set, but in Ruby instead of JavaScript. I tried few searches but I can't find anything similar.
Lodash's documentation will probably explain it in a better way, but it's getting and setting a property from a string path ('x[0].y.z' for example). If the full path doesn't exist when setting a property, it is automatically created.
Lodash Set
Lodash Get
I eventually ported Lodash _.set and _.get from JavaScript to Ruby and made a Gem.
Ruby 2.3 introduces the new safe navigator operator for getting nested/chained values:
x[0]&.y&.z #=> result or nil
Otherwise, Rails monkey patches all objects with try(…), allowing you to:
x[0].try(:y).try(:z) #=> result or nil
Setting is a bit harder, and I'd recommend ensuring you have the final object before attempting to set a property, e.g.:
if obj = x[0]&.y&.z
z.name = "Dr Robot"
end
You can use the Rudash Gem that comes with most of the Lodash utilities, and not only the _.get and _.set.
Sometimes I have had the need to programmatically get the value for a property deep into an object, but the thing is that sometimes the property is really a method, and sometimes it needs parameters!
So I came up with this solution, hope it helps devising one for your problem:
(Needs Rails' #try)
def reduce_attributes_for( object, options )
options.reduce( {} ) do |hash, ( attribute, methods )|
hash[attribute] = methods.reduce( object ) { |a, e| a.try!(:send, *e) }
hash
end
end
# Usage example
o = Object.new
attribute_map = {
# same as o.object_id
id: [:object_id],
# same as o.object_id.to_s
id_as_string: [:object_id, :to_s],
# same as o.object_id.to_s.length
id_as_string_length: [:object_id, :to_s, :length],
# I know, this one is a contrived example, but its purpose is
# to illustrate how you would call methods with parameters
# same as o.object_id.to_s.scan(/\d/)[1].to_i
second_number_from_id: [:object_id, :to_s, [:scan, /\d/], [:[],1], :to_i]
}
reduce_attributes_for( o, attribute_map )
# {:id=>47295942175460,
# :id_as_string=>"47295942175460",
# :id_as_string_length=>14,
# :second_number_from_id=>7}
I'm using the dashing dashboard to display some data. Part of my code for one of the jobs uses the map! function in ruby:
vars = arr.map! { |element| element.gsub(/.{3}$/, '' )}
and when I try to run the dashboard using dashing start, I get the following error :
scheduler caught exception:
undefined method map! for #<Hash: 0x......>
If I run the code on its own as a ruby program, I get the correct result.
The documentation for the JSON module indicates that the parse method will "...convert your string into a hash." See http://www.ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.0.0/libdoc/json/rdoc/JSON.html#module-JSON-label-Parsing+JSON.
Try calling just map on your hash instead of calling map!:
vars = arr.map { |element| element.gsub(/.{3}$/, '' )}
The difference is that map will return a new array with the results of running your block once for every element in the Hash. Also, map is defined in the Enumerable module, which is included by Hash, but map! is not defined in Enumerable. See http://www.ruby-doc.org/core-2.0.0/Enumerable.html#method-i-map.
I am trying 'mongo-ruby-driver' for some project. It's working fine except when I call to_json on mongo object. It gives well formed json but it's not converting BSON::Code into readable value i resulting JSON.
Instead of showing code text, it show something like
#<BSON::Code:0x00000100af6fa8>
Did anyone tried it. Any help id highly appreciated.
UPDATE
here is some code snippet:
#records is variable that contains Array of MongoDB documents in hash.
#records.to_json
When I call to_json on it it gives everything as expected. except for the key that contain BSON::Code (means javascript code). for example consider following doc:
{
"_id" : "contains",
"value" : function( obj, target ) { return obj.indexOf(target) != -1; };
}
Querying same doc from ruby gives output like:
{
"_id"=>"contains",
"value"=><BSON::Code:2160165280 #data="function( obj, target ) { return obj.indexOf(target) != -1; };" #scope="{}">
}
and calling to_json on this gives following:
{"_id":"contains","value":"#<BSON::Code:0x00000100b54658>"}
this is what the problem is. Instead of getting actual code for 'value' key I am getting ruby object as string.
Calling code method on BSON::Code we can get it converted into code. But for that I need to loop mongo docs, check values for each key, calling code on it if it is an object of BSON::Code and then assigning it back to key. And at last we can call to_json on it. But I dont want this much overhead. I need to_json itself should take care of it.
The serializer that is iterating over the attributes of the objects in the array is probably calling the to_s method which would cause the output you are seeing.
You can either monkey patch the BSON::Code class to include a to_s method which calls inspect (the method that produces the output you want) or modify the serializer to detect when it encounters a BSON::Code instance and call inspect on it rather than to_s.
The code to mokey patch the BSON::Code class would look like this:
module BSON
class Code
def to_s
inspect
end
end
end
This would have the same behavior as inspect. If you just wanted the code you could monkey patch this in:
module BSON
class Code
def to_s
#code
end
end
end
I might make this the default behavior for to_s in the driver but for now just include that in your code and it should work like a champ.
Which Mongo object, do you mean the module? If you could, please post the code and what you are trying to do.
The only to_json I see in the driver is BSON::ObjectId#to_json which (from the docs) is described as a method that does the following:
Convert to MongoDB extended JSON format. Since JSON includes type information, but lacks an ObjectId type, this JSON format encodes the type using an $oid key.
I get the same results when I use it:
1.9.3-p0 :001 > require 'mongo'
=> true
1.9.3-p0 :002 > BSON::ObjectId
=> BSON::ObjectId
1.9.3-p0 :003 > BSON::ObjectId.new()
=> BSON::ObjectId('4f17350eadd361e91d000001')
1.9.3-p0 :004 > BSON::ObjectId.new().to_json
=> "{\"$oid\": \"4f173512add361e91d000002\"}"
BSON ( http://bsonspec.org/ ) is a binary representation of JSON ( http://www.json.org/ ) . JSON is not meant to be used to describe functions, as it is meant to be portable. Functions in this manner are not portable to other systems. So there is no way to serialize it. There is some hacks defined here that may get you what you need, but ultimately, BSON/JSON may be a weird tool for the job if your trying to serialize functions.
I would like to know whether I can get source code a method on the fly, and whether I can get which file is this method in.
like
A.new.method(:a).SOURCE_CODE
A.new.method(:a).FILE
Use source_location:
class A
def foo
end
end
file, line = A.instance_method(:foo).source_location
# or
file, line = A.new.method(:foo).source_location
puts "Method foo is defined in #{file}, line #{line}"
# => "Method foo is defined in temp.rb, line 2"
Note that for builtin methods, source_location returns nil. If want to check out the C source code (have fun!), you'll have to look for the right C file (they're more or less organized by class) and find the rb_define_method for the method (towards the end of the file).
In Ruby 1.8 this method does not exist, but you can use this gem.
None of the answers so far show how to display the source code of a method on the fly...
It's actually very easy if you use the awesome 'method_source' gem by John Mair (the maker of Pry):
The method has to be implemented in Ruby (not C), and has to be loaded from a file (not irb).
Here's an example displaying the method source code in the Rails console with method_source:
$ rails console
> require 'method_source'
> I18n::Backend::Simple.instance_method(:lookup).source.display
def lookup(locale, key, scope = [], options = {})
init_translations unless initialized?
keys = I18n.normalize_keys(locale, key, scope, options[:separator])
keys.inject(translations) do |result, _key|
_key = _key.to_sym
return nil unless result.is_a?(Hash) && result.has_key?(_key)
result = result[_key]
result = resolve(locale, _key, result, options.merge(:scope => nil)) if result.is_a?(Symbol)
result
end
end
=> nil
See also:
https://rubygems.org/gems/method_source
https://github.com/banister/method_source
http://banisterfiend.wordpress.com/
Here is how to print out the source code from ruby:
puts File.read(OBJECT_TO_GET.method(:METHOD_FROM).source_location[0])
Without dependencies
method = SomeConstant.method(:some_method_name)
file_path, line = method.source_location
# puts 10 lines start from the method define
IO.readlines(file_path)[line-1, 10]
If you want use this more conveniently, your can open the Method class:
# ~/.irbrc
class Method
def source(limit=10)
file, line = source_location
if file && line
IO.readlines(file)[line-1,limit]
else
nil
end
end
end
And then just call method.source
With Pry you can use the show-method to view a method source, and you can even see some ruby c source code with pry-doc installed, according pry's doc in codde-browing
Note that we can also view C methods (from Ruby Core) using the
pry-doc plugin; we also show off the alternate syntax for show-method:
pry(main)> show-method Array#select
From: array.c in Ruby Core (C Method):
Number of lines: 15
static VALUE
rb_ary_select(VALUE ary)
{
VALUE result;
long i;
RETURN_ENUMERATOR(ary, 0, 0);
result = rb_ary_new2(RARRAY_LEN(ary));
for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
if (RTEST(rb_yield(RARRAY_PTR(ary)[i]))) {
rb_ary_push(result, rb_ary_elt(ary, i));
}
}
return result;
}
I created the "ri_for" gem for this purpose
>> require 'ri_for'
>> A.ri_for :foo
... outputs the source (and location, if you're on 1.9).
GL.
-r
Internal methods don't have source or source location (e.g. Integer#to_s)
require 'method_source'
User.method(:last).source
User.method(:last).source_location
I had to implement a similar feature (grab the source of a block) as part of Wrong and you can see how (and maybe even reuse the code) in chunk.rb (which relies on Ryan Davis' RubyParser as well as some pretty funny source file glomming code). You'd have to modify it to use Method#source_location and maybe tweak some other things so it does or doesn't include the def.
BTW I think Rubinius has this feature built in. For some reason it's been left out of MRI (the standard Ruby implementation), hence this hack.
Oooh, I like some of the stuff in method_source! Like using eval to tell if an expression is valid (and keep glomming source lines until you stop getting parse errors, like Chunk does)...