Could you please help me to understand the difference between response times when i am using JSR223+Groovy (with caching) and BeanShell and what a reason of it:
The gray line is JSR223, red - BeanShell
Inside them a have a code which sending Protobuf message via HTTP protocol:
byte[] data = protobuf.toByteArray();
String SESSION = vars.get("SESSION");
String url = "http://" + vars.get("SERVER_NAME")+":8080/messages/list";
HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
////System.out.println(url);
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
HttpEntity entity = new ByteArrayEntity(data);
post.setEntity(entity);
post.setHeader(HttpHeaders.CONTENT_TYPE, "application/x-protobuf");
post.setHeader(HttpHeaders.ACCEPT,"*/*");
post.setHeader(HttpHeaders.ACCEPT_ENCODING,"identity");
post.setHeader(HttpHeaders.CONNECTION,"Keep-Alive");
post.setHeader(HttpHeaders.USER_AGENT,"UnityPlayer/5.0.3p3 (http://unity3d.com) ");
post.setHeader("Cookie", "SESSION="+SESSION);
HttpResponse response=null;
try {
response = client.execute(post);
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
response.getEntity().writeTo(baos);
byte[] b = baos.toByteArray();
I observed the same issue with Jmeter v3.0 running on Sun Java 1.8. In my view, Groovy + JSR223 is memory intensive and loads tons of temporary objects and meta class objects. This increases the garbage collection overhead substantially. I was using G1GC as the GC algorithm.
Test #1 : Groovy + JSR223 - 8 requests / sec was the throughput achieved with 60 to 80% CPU and 3GB of heap space consumed
Test #2 : JSR223 + java (beanshell implementation) - GC overhead reduced considerably and the CPU % was somewhere around 40 to 60%. However, the throughput didn't improve. I observed plenty of thread locks for the bsh.ForName method
Test #3 : plain beanshell sampler with java code in it - This was the best! The throughput immediately reached an incredible 15000 per sec with CPU% at 100%. However, the overhead was due to the load. I reduced it down by 10% of the original load and it was able to achieved more than 50 req/sec easily with just 20% CPU.
Based on the experiement conducted above, I would suggest using plain beanshell sampler with java code in it instead of using JSR223.
Related
I'm using the jmeter api to develop pressure testing tools,
How to modify the parameters of jmeter at runtime? such as the number of thread pools,
ConstantThroughputTimer.throughput
demo
github,but not found answer
You cannot change the number of threads in the runtime (at least not with JMeter 5.5)
What you can do is to use Constant Throughput Timer in combination with Beanshell Server to control requests execution rate.
I tried and found the answer by writing my own code. Parameters can be dynamically modified in the form of apis. Just call JMeterUtils.getJMeterProperties().setProperty("throughput", prop)。
ConstantThroughputTimer :
ConstantThroughputTimer timer = new ConstantThroughputTimer();
long rpsCalc = (long) (rps * 60);
String paramStr = "${__P(throughput,50)}";
timer.setProperty("calcMode", 2);
StringProperty stringProperty = new StringProperty();
stringProperty.setName("throughput");
stringProperty.setValue(paramStr);
timer.setProperty(stringProperty);
timer.setEnabled(true);
timer.setProperty(TestElement.TEST_CLASS, ConstantThroughputTimer.class.getName());
timer.setProperty(TestElement.GUI_CLASS, TestBeanGUI.class.getName());
return timer;
I have a project to transfer file using IBM MQ. There are 10000 clients and one data center. The largest file size is almost 8MB. The MQ cluster contains three MQ managers which are at different Windows server. Each MQ manager have 5 channels for client and 5 channel for data center. There are two cases for testing. Clients are evenly distributed to MQ manager in each case. Do not lose any file is the most important thing in these cases.
Case 1:
Every client send 50 files to data center at the same time. The files size are between 150KB to 5MB.
In this case, the sum of file size one client send is almost 80MB.
Case 2 :
Data center send the 10 identical files to every client at the same time. In this case, I create a topic named `myTopic` and 10000 clients subscribe this topic. Data center send 10 identical files to the topic.
MQ Mangers have a heavy load. I already set some attribute in IBM MQ:
Queue Manager:
Max handles: 100000
Maximum message length: 100MB
Max channels: 10000
Max channels: 10000
Is there any attribute that could increase the performance?
5/11 update:
First, I have modified the situation of case 2 above. I have a data center server that has a 4 core CPU and 32G RAM. I use 4 clients server to simulate 10000 clients, and each client server has 4 core CPU and 16G RAM.
In case 1, it take about 37 minutes when 1000 clients send files to the data center. There are not enough memory on data center server when data center receive files from 2000 clients. I find there are 20G memory used for buffer/cache. Here is my java code used to receive files:
try {
String filePath = ConfigReader.getInstance().getConfig("filePath");
MQMessage mqMsg = new MQMessage();
mqMsg.messageId = CMQC.MQMI_NONE;
mqMsg.correlationId = CMQC.MQCI_NONE;
mqMsg.groupId = CMQC.MQGI_NONE;
int flag = 1;
while (true) {
try {
MQQueueManager queueManager = new MQQueueManager("QMGR1");
int option = CMQC.MQTOPIC_OPEN_AS_SUBSCRIPTION | CMQC.MQSO_DURABLE;
MQTopic subscriber = queueManager.accessTopic("", "myTopic", option, null, "datacenter");
subscriber.get(mqMsg);
if (mqMsg.getDataLength() != 0) {
String fileName = filePath + "_file" + flag + ".txt";
byte[] b = new byte[mqMsg.getDataLength()];
mqMsg.readFully(b);
System.out.println("Receive " + fileName + ", complete time: " + System.currentTimeMillis());
Path path = Paths.get(fileName);
System.out.println("Write " + fileName + ", start time: " + System.currentTimeMillis());
Files.write(path, b);
System.out.println("Write " + fileName + ", complete time: " + System.currentTimeMillis());
flag++;
}
} catch (MQException e) {
// e.printStackTrace();
if (e.reasonCode != 2033) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} finally {
mqMsg.clearMessage();
mqMsg.messageId = CMQC.MQMI_NONE;
mqMsg.correlationId = CMQC.MQCI_NONE;
mqMsg.groupId = CMQC.MQGI_NONE;
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
I use byte array to read message and write it to disk. Is it possible that the byte array does not release memory and takes 20G memory?
In case 2, I find if I send a 5MB file to myTopic that has 1000 subscribers on MQ manager01, MQ manager01 take a lot of time to sync with cluster member. The disks on the MQ servers are very busy. There are another problem: Sometimes I get only 7 seconds to send a 5MB file, sometimes it takes 90 seconds. Here is my java code to send files:
try {
MQQueueManager queueManager = new MQQueueManager("QMGR1");
MQTopic publisher = queueManager.accessTopic("myTopic", "", CMQC.MQTOPIC_OPEN_AS_PUBLICATION,
CMQC.MQOO_OUTPUT);
System.out.println("---- start publish , time: " + System.currentTimeMillis() + " ----");
publisher.put(InMemoryDataProvider.getInstance().getMessage("my5MBFile"));
System.out.println("---- end publish , time: " + System.currentTimeMillis() + " ----");
publish.getPublisher().close();
} catch (MQException e) {
System.out.println("threadNum: " + publish.getThreadNo() + " publish error");
if (e.reasonCode != 2033) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
A couple of things.
MQ has FTE which transfers files for you. I think it does it using non persistent messages, so you avoid the disk overhead.
You might try checking your .ini files for parameters like ClntRcvBuffSize=0
see here.
0 says use the operating system values.
TCP used to send some data in short packets (64KB chunk), then wait till the packets have been acknowledged, and send more. If the connection is reliable, then you get higher throughput by sending bigger logical packets, a technique known as Dynamic Right Sizing. See here
it works best when the connection is long lived and sending a lot if data. For example the first few chunks may be 64KB, then increase it a bit to 128KB chunks, eventually up to 100MB ( or more) if needed.
You need to set both ends.
Depending on platform, you can use Netstat replacement ss command to display the various window sizes.
For your QM to QM channels specify a large batchsz and batchlim - though this may make your disk IO worse as the data gets to the remote end faster.
What is the Best performance architecture to read XML in Spring Batch? Each XML is approximately 300 KB size and we are processing 1 Million.
Our Current Approach
30 partitions and 30 Grids and Each slave gets 166 XMLS
Commit Chunk 100
Application Start Memory is 8 GB
Using JAXB in Reader Default Bean Scope
#StepScope
#Qualifier("xmlItemReader")
public IteratorItemReader<BaseDTO> xmlItemReader(
#Value("#{stepExecutionContext['fileName']}") List<String> fileNameList) throws Exception {
String readingFile = "File Not Found";
logger.info("----StaxEventItemReader----fileName--->" + fileNameList.toString());
List<BaseDTO> fileList = new ArrayList<BaseDTO>();
for (String filePath : fileNameList) {
try {
readingFile = filePath.trim();
Invoice bill = (Invoice) getUnMarshaller().unmarshal(new File(filePath));
UnifiedInvoiceDTO unifiedDTO = new UnifiedInvoiceDTO(bill, environment);
unifiedDTO.setFileName(filePath);
BaseDTO baseDTO = new BaseDTO();
baseDTO.setUnifiedDTO(unifiedDTO);
fileList.add(baseDTO);
} catch (Exception e) {
UnifiedInvoiceDTO unifiedDTO = new UnifiedInvoiceDTO();
unifiedDTO.setFileName(readingFile);
unifiedDTO.setErrorMessage(e);
BaseDTO baseDTO = new BaseDTO();
baseDTO.setUnifiedDTO(unifiedDTO);
fileList.add(baseDTO);
}
}
return new IteratorItemReader<>(fileList);
}
Our questions:
Is this Archirecture correct
Is any performance or architecture advantage of using StaxEventItemReader and XStreamMarshaller over JAXB.
How to handle memory properly to avoid slow down
I would create a job per xml file by using the file name as a job parameter. This approach has many benefits:
Restartability: If a job fails, you only restart the failed file (from where it left off)
Scalability: This approach allows you to run multiple jobs in parallel. If a single machine is not enough, you can distribute the load on multiple machines
Logging: Logs are separate by design, you don't need to use an MDC or any other technique to separate logs
We are receiving XML filepath in a *.txt file
You can a create a script that iterates over these lines and launch a job per line (aka per file). Gnu Parallel (or a similar tool) is a good option to launch jobs in parallel.
I have a csv file with 450K rows and 2 columns. Using the CSV data config results in SocketException: Too many open files error on some load generators. To get around it, I used a Beanshell sampler to read the contents of the large csv in memory just once, however when it tries to save variable # 22,770 it throws java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: null
Here is my simple code -
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.*;
BufferedReader lineReader = null;
try{
lineReader= new BufferedReader(new FileReader("${skufile}"));
String line = null;
int count = 0;
while ((line = lineReader.readLine()) != null){
String[] values = line.split(",");
vars.put("sku_" + count, values[0]);
vars.put("optionid_" + count, values[1]);
log.info("Sku# "+ count + " : " +vars.get("sku_"+count));
count++;
}
}catch (Throwable e) {
log.error("Errror in Beanshell", e);
throw e;
}
I have tried using both props and vars.
The error is not connected with any form of limits, take a look at line 22771 of your CSV file, it might i.e. not contain comma therefore your values[1] becomes null
Holding the file in memory is not the best option, I would rather recommend going for CSV Data Set Config and increasing the maximum number of open files which might be as low as 1024 for normal user for the majority of Linux distributions. The steps are:
add the next lines to /etc/security/limits.conf file
your_user_name soft nofile 4096
your_user_name hard nofile 65536
you can also run the following command to ramp-up system-wide "hard" limit
ulimit -n 8192
Be aware that since JMeter 3.1 it is recommended to use JSR223 Test Elements and Groovy language for scripting. Groovy is not only compatible with latest Java language features and offers syntax sugar on top, Groovy has much better performance comparing to Beanshell.
We are receiving data in spark streaming from Kafka. Once execution has been started in Spark Streaming, it executes only one batch and the remaining batches starting queuing up in Kafka.
Our data is independent and can be processes in Parallel.
We tried multiple configurations with multiple executor, cores, back pressure and other configurations but nothing worked so far. There are a lot messages queued and only one micro batch has been processed at a time and rest are remained in queue.
We want to achieve parallelism at maximum, so that not any micro batch is queued, as we have enough resources available. So how we can reduce time by maximum utilization of resources.
// Start reading messages from Kafka and get DStream
final JavaInputDStream<ConsumerRecord<String, byte[]>> consumerStream = KafkaUtils.createDirectStream(
getJavaStreamingContext(), LocationStrategies.PreferConsistent(),
ConsumerStrategies.<String, byte[]>Subscribe("TOPIC_NAME",
sparkServiceConf.getKafkaConsumeParams()));
ThreadContext.put(Constants.CommonLiterals.LOGGER_UID_VAR, CommonUtils.loggerUniqueId());
JavaDStream<byte[]> messagesStream = consumerStream.map(new Function<ConsumerRecord<String, byte[]>, byte[]>() {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
#Override
public byte[] call(ConsumerRecord<String, byte[]> kafkaRecord) throws Exception {
return kafkaRecord.value();
}
});
// Decode each binary message and generate JSON array
JavaDStream<String> decodedStream = messagesStream.map(new Function<byte[], String>() {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
#Override
public String call(byte[] asn1Data) throws Exception {
if(asn1Data.length > 0) {
try (InputStream inputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(asn1Data);
Writer writer = new StringWriter(); ) {
ByteArrayInputStream byteArrayInputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(asn1Data);
GZIPInputStream gzipInputStream = new GZIPInputStream(byteArrayInputStream);
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int len;
while((len = gzipInputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
byteArrayOutputStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
return new String(byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray());
} catch (Exception e) {
//
producer.flush();
throw e;
}
}
return null;
}
});
// publish generated json gzip to kafka
cache.foreachRDD(new VoidFunction<JavaRDD<String>>() {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
#Override
public void call(JavaRDD<String> jsonRdd4DF) throws Exception {
//Dataset<Row> json = sparkSession.read().json(jsonRdd4DF);
if(!jsonRdd4DF.isEmpty()) {
//JavaRDD<String> jsonRddDF = getJavaSparkContext().parallelize(jsonRdd4DF.collect());
Dataset<Row> json = sparkSession.read().json(jsonRdd4DF);
SparkAIRMainJsonProcessor airMainJsonProcessor = new SparkAIRMainJsonProcessor();
airMainJsonProcessor.processAIRData(json, sparkSession);
}
}
});
getJavaStreamingContext().start();
getJavaStreamingContext().awaitTermination();
getJavaStreamingContext().stop();
Technology that we are using:
HDFS 2.7.1.2.5
YARN + MapReduce2 2.7.1.2.5
ZooKeeper 3.4.6.2.5
Ambari Infra 0.1.0
Ambari Metrics 0.1.0
Kafka 0.10.0.2.5
Knox 0.9.0.2.5
Ranger 0.6.0.2.5
Ranger KMS 0.6.0.2.5
SmartSense 1.3.0.0-1
Spark2 2.0.x.2.5
Statistics that we got from difference experimentations:
Experiment 1
num_executors=6
executor_memory=8g
executor_cores=12
100 Files processing time 48 Minutes
Experiment 2
spark.default.parallelism=12
num_executors=6
executor_memory=8g
executor_cores=12
100 Files processing time 8 Minutes
Experiment 3
spark.default.parallelism=12
num_executors=6
executor_memory=8g
executor_cores=12
100 Files processing time 7 Minutes
Experiment 4
spark.default.parallelism=16
num_executors=6
executor_memory=8g
executor_cores=12
100 Files processing time 10 Minutes
Please advise, how we can process maximum so no queued.
I was facing same issue and I tried a few things in trying to resolve the issue and came to following findings:
First of all. Intuition says that one batch must be processed per executor but on the contrary, only one batch is processed at a time but jobs and tasks are processed in parallel.
Multiple batch processing can be achieved by using spark.streaming.concurrentjobs, but it's not documented and still needs a few fixes. One of problems is with saving Kafka offsets. Suppose we set this parameter to 4 and 4 batches are processed in parallel, what if 3rd batch finishes before 4th one, which Kafka offsets would be committed. This parameter is quite useful if batches are independent.
spark.default.parallelism because of its name is sometimes considered to make things parallel. But its true benefit is in distributed shuffle operations. Try different numbers and find an optimum number for this. You will get a considerable difference in processing time. It depends upon shuffle operations in your jobs. Setting it too high would decrease the performance. It's apparent from you experiments results too.
Another option is to use foreachPartitionAsync in place of foreach on RDD. But I think foreachPartition is better as foreachPartitionAsync would queue up the jobs whereas batches would appear to be processed but their jobs would still be in the queue or in processing. May be I didn't get its usage right. But it behaved same in my 3 services.
FAIR spark.scheduler.mode must be used for jobs with lots of tasks as round-robin assignment of tasks to jobs, gives opportunity to smaller tasks to start receiving resources while bigger tasks are processing.
Try to tune your batch duration+input size and always keep it below processing duration otherwise you're gonna see a long backlog of batches.
These are my findings and suggestions, however, there are so many configurations and methods to do streaming and often one set of operation doesn't work for others. Spark Streaming is all about learning, putting your experience and anticipation together to get to a set of optimum configuration.
Hope it helps. It would be a great relief if someone could tell specifically how we can legitimately process batches in parallel.
We want to achieve parallelism at maximum, so that not any micro batch is queued
That's the thing about stream processing: you process the data in the order it was received. If you process your data at the rate slower than it arrives it will be queued. Also, don't expect that processing of one record will suddenly be parallelized across multiple nodes.
From your screenshot, it seems your batch time is 10 seconds and your producer published 100 records over 90 seconds.
It took 36s to process 2 records and 70s to process 17 records. Clearly, there is some per-batch overhead. If this dependency is linear, it would take only 4:18 to process all 100 records in a single mini-batch thus beating your record holder.
Since your code is not complete, it's hard to tell what exactly takes so much time. Transformations in the code look fine but probably the action (or subsequent transformations) are the real bottlenecks. Also, what's with producer.flush() which wasn't mentioned anywhere in your code?
I was facing the same issue and I solved it using Scala Futures.
Here are some link that show how to use it:
https://alvinalexander.com/scala/how-use-multiple-scala-futures-in-for-comprehension-loop
https://www.beyondthelines.net/computing/scala-future-and-execution-context/
Also, this is piece of my code when I used Scala Futures:
messages.foreachRDD{ rdd =>
val f = Future {
// sleep(100)
val newRDD = rdd.map{message =>
val req_message = message.value()
(message.value())
}
println("Request messages: " + newRDD.count())
var resultrows = newRDD.collect()//.collectAsList()
processMessage(resultrows, mlFeatures: MLFeatures, conf)
println("Inside scala future")
1
}
f.onComplete {
case Success(messages) => println("yay!")
case Failure(exception) => println("On no!")
}
}
It's hard to tell without having all the details, but general advice to tackle issues like that -- start with very simple application, "Hello world" kind. Just read from input stream and print data into log file. Once this works you prove that problem was in application and you gradually add your functionality back until you find what was culprit. If even simplest app doesn't work - you know that problem in configuration or Spark cluster itself. Hope this helps.