I have need to compile and statically link a Chicken program. I expect to use many extensions, most notably http-client.
I can compile the source with the following command:
csc -compile-syntax -static linux-setup.scm
or
csc -R http-client -compile-syntax -static linux-setup.scm
But when I run it, I get the following error:
Error: (require) cannot load extension: http-client
Call history:
##sys#require <--
I have also tried (declare (uses http-client)) in the source, with no success:
linux-setup.o: In function `f_369':
/mnt/data/Documents/Programming/chicken-scheme/linux-setup/linux-setup.c:219:
undefined reference to `C_http_2dclient_toplevel'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Error: shell command terminated with non-zero exit status 256: 'gcc' 'linux-setup.o'
-o 'linux-setup' -L"/usr/lib" -Wl,-R"/usr/lib" -static '/usr/lib/libchicken.a' -lm -ldl
Static linking is something I need. This is not an XY problem. I need my executables to run on a freshly-installed Linux system with no dependancies. This is the primary reason I switched from Common Lisp to Scheme in the first place.
What am I doing wrong, please?
Assuming your program is in a-program.scm file:
csc -deploy a-program.scm
cd a-program/
chicken-install -deploy -p $PWD http-client
...et voilà!
edit: turns out that the proper answer to the problem posted is solved in this document: http://www.foldling.org/scheme.html#compiling-statically-linked-chicken-scheme-programs-with-extensions
Related
I need to upload a .cpp file for a course application. The code works, i tried their test inputs, but when i upload my file it throws this error
</usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/crt1.o: In function _start': (.text+0x20): undefined reference to main'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status>
On the website it has a list of compilation commands that I assume have to somehow put into my code so the website can process my code?
Maybe that isnt even it, this is my first time dealing with this sort of thing, so any help is appreciated.
Tried just putting it into the code outside of main, didnt work.
I am trying to make a shared library for a particular problem I was working on. It has "point_sense.c" as the main file which uses functions defined in "createPolygon.c." The functions are declared in a header file "createPolygon.h."
To compile them, I used a makefile which looks like the following
all:point_sense
createPolygon.o:createPolygon.c
g++ -c -fpic createPolygon.c
libcreatePolygon.so:createPolygon.o
g++ -shared -o libcreatePolygon.so createPolygon.o
point_sense:point_sense.c libcreatePolygon.so
g++ -o point_sense -L~Desktop/Summer_2020_linux/tutorials/cpp_practise point_sense.c -lcreatePolygon
clean:
rm point_sense createPolygon.o libcreatePolygon.so
but when I make the file, it gives an output as
g++ -c -fpic createPolygon.c
g++ -shared -o libcreatePolygon.so createPolygon.o
g++ -o point_sense -L~Desktop/Summer_2020_linux/tutorials/cpp_practise point_sense.c -lcreatePolygon
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lcreatePolygon
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [makefile:10: point_sense] Error 1
Initially I thought this was some silly mistake, and to check I used
ld -L~/Desktop/Summer_2020_linux/tutorials/cpp_practise -lcreatePolygon -verbose
and after a long output I got (a few unimportant lines in the code are skipped in between)
ld: mode elf_x86_64
attempt to open ~/Desktop/Summer_2020_linux/tutorials/cpp_practise/libcreatePolygon.so failed
attempt to open ~/Desktop/Summer_2020_linux/tutorials/cpp_practise/libcreatePolygon.a failed
attempt to open /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcreatePolygon.so failed
attempt to open /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcreatePolygon.a failed
.
.
.
ld: cannot find -lcreatePolygon
But when I try to open 'libcreatePolygon.so' directly, I am able to open it.
$ nano ~/Desktop/Summer_2020_linux/tutorials/cpp_practise/libcreatePolygon.so
There are several threads which explain the process of doing this, but I don't see what it is that I am doing wrong. Any help is appreciated.
I am using Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS and g++ (Ubuntu 9.3.0-10ubuntu2) 9.3.0 .
I tried to reproduce the problem here, and this error message goes away if you put a space between the -L flag and the tilde character.
The reason is: if there is no space between -L and ~, the tilde character cannot be expanded to the home directory.
Hi I've never written a makefile before, but I tried my hand at it with my fortran90 final project and the makefile seems to have delete my main program. here's my makefile
# Sample makefile for several modules
#
FC = gfortran
final.x: subs.o func.o maina.o
gfortran -o final.x subs.o func.o maina.o
subs.o: subs.f90
gfortran -c subs.f90
func.o: func.f90
gfortran -c func.f90
maina.o: maina.f90
gfortran -c maina.f90
after running this, my maina.f90 was deleted and the I did not have a copy. this was what it showed when it was running. (The first output is when I ran it and found an error in subs, and after fixing these errors, I got the second output)
$ make
gfortran -o final.x subs.o func.o maina.o
subs.o: In function `__subs_MOD_gauss':
subs.f90:(.text+0x350): undefined reference to `f_'
subs.f90:(.text+0x366): undefined reference to `f_'
subs.o: In function `__subs_MOD_simp':
subs.f90:(.text+0x434): undefined reference to `f_'
subs.f90:(.text+0x4a2): undefined reference to `f_'
subs.f90:(.text+0x51b): undefined reference to `f_'
subs.o:subs.f90:(.text+0x571): more undefined references to `f_' follow
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [final.x] Error 1
$ make
gfortran -c subs.f90
gfortran -o final.x subs.o func.o maina.o
does anyone know why this file deleted my maina.f90, or (though it's probably unlikely) how to get my work back?
EDIT- I should add that I do not have admin or sudo privileges on this computer
I'm trying to figure out how to set some environment variable which would make g++ to link to correct versions of the libraries.
I have some old boost libraries in /usr/lib64 (linking against these will fail) and new libraries in /v/users/regel/lib. So the linker should link against the new libraries.
Command:
$ g++ test.cpp -lboost_system -L/v/users/regel/lib
links the program correctly. However, I wish to set this as the number 1 search directory for the linker so that I don't have to specify '-L' every time I link.
The following environment variables do not seem to do the trick:
$ LIBRARY_PATH=/v/users/regel/lib g++ test.cpp -lboost_system
/tmp/regel/cc4SmBtI.o: In function `main':
test.cpp:(.text+0x5): undefined reference to `boost::system::system_category()'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
and
$ LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/v/users/regel/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH g++ test.cpp -lboost_system
/tmp/regel/ccUreBZy.o: In function `main':
test.cpp:(.text+0x5): undefined reference to `boost::system::system_category()'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Despite reading numerous articles and posts on similar subjects, I have not found a solution yet.
As the GCC manual says, LIBRARY_PATH is the correct environment variable to add directories to the library search path.
If you add -v to the g++ command you should see the LIBRARY_PATH that it uses, and you should see it includes the directory you have specified, and that it gets added to the collect2 command as -L, but you will see it gets added after the standard directories such as -L/usr/lib etc.
I don't know any way to make the directories in LIBRARY_PATH come first, I think you have to use -L for that.
Try specifying the library path in a .conf file in /etc/ld.so.conf.d/
The linker looks at paths specified in files in /etc/ld.so.conf.d/ while linking.
Make sure you run 'ldconfig' once you create the file, that will force it to update its cache.
This is my first time trying to compile FORTRAN code using a makefile. The OS is Ubuntu 12.04 LTS 64 bit. I encountered the following errors:
gfortran -o przm3123.exe canopy.o chem.o cnfuns.o cropdate.o datemod.o debug.o debug_cn.o f2kcli.o floatcmp.o furrow.o general.o i_errchk.o infnan.o inivar.o ioluns.o iosubs.o lambertw.o m_readvars.o utils.o wind.o fcscnc.o przm3.o rsexec.o rsinp1.o rsinp2.o rsinp3.o rsmcar.o rsmisc.o rsprz1.o rsprz2.o rsprz3.o rsprzn.o rsutil.o rsvado.o -L ../libanne4.0/lib -lwdm -ladwdm -lutil
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lwdm
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -ladwdm
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [przm3123.exe] Error 1
The key element in the makefile is:
przm2_LIBS = -L ../libanne4.0/lib -lwdm -ladwdm -lutil
Is there anything I can do to fix this error? Should I try other compilers?
As ../libanne4.0/lib is a relative path, you might try changing it into an absolute one.
Also you could check whether the linker process has the rights to access and read the libs.
Update: To have the linker find a library specified using the option -l<name> the name of the libray shall be lib<name>.[a|so] and the parameter to -L should point the path were the library is located.
-L needs to preceed it's -l option(s).
One could specify -l and/or -L multiple times.
There is something wrong with the name "adwdmlib.a". A linking flag "-l adwdm" will tell the compiler to expect a lib file with the name "libadwdm.a", not "adwdmlib.a". Is this helpful or relevant? If your library name is "adwdmlib.a", that is probably why your linker can't find it.