set serveroutput on;
declare
v_emp_first_name US_EMPLOYEES.FIRST_NAME%TYPE;
BEGIN
select us_employees.first_name into v_emp_first_name from us_employees where email = 'jbutt#gmail.com';
dbms_output.put_line('v_emp_first_name --> ' || v_emp_first_name);
v_emp_first_name := select first_name from us_employees where email = 'kris#gmail.com';
dbms_output.put_line('v_emp_first_name --> ' || v_emp_first_name);
END;
When I compile above code the below statement throws error
v_emp_first_name := select first_name from us_employees where email = 'kris#gmail.com';
Is it not possible to read a column value via a sql query and map that value using assignment operator ?
If i have the below code alone then it compile and works fine
select us_employees.first_name into v_emp_first_name from us_employees where email = 'jbutt#gmail.com';
The short answer is NO. You can't assign the output of a scalar query to a variable. The proper syntax for your "assignment" is the one you are already aware of.
I am sure that you will then ask WHY. Why did Oracle choose that "weird" syntax for assignment, and not the simpler one you tried?
The answer is that in more general cases a select statement may return multiple columns, not just one; and the values from multiple columns can be "assigned" to multiple variables (local to the PL/SQL block) simultaneously. Which, by the way, is the more common usage - people extract one "record" at a time, rather than a single value. So, how would you re-write the "select into" operation as an "assignment" (or multiple "assignments")? There is no natural way to do that.
You may ask why Oracle doesn't allow "your" assignment syntax, in the case of a single column selected, in addition to the select into syntax (which is needed for multi-column rows anyway). The answer is that would be wasteful. We already have a syntax - that we need for more general cases anyway; we don't need one more.
You might say that we could put all the receiving local variables into a record type, and do a single assignment (to a record) even for general "rows" returned by a select. Alas, SQL statements return rows, not records; rows are a SQL concept, and specifically they are not a data type. Perhaps Oracle could do further development along those lines (to add functionality that doesn't exist today), but why bother - they already have a perfectly fine syntax for what you need, and you already know what that syntax is - without needing to define a record type to hold all your local variables, then define a "record type" for rows coming from a SQL select statement, then .....
You have issue with this code:
v_emp_first_name := select first_name from us_employees where email = 'kris#gmail.com';
You can not use the assignment operator against the query as you have used.
Replace this assignment := with INTO as follows:
select first_name INTO v_emp_first_name from us_employees where email = 'kris#gmail.com';
Beginner in SQL i'm currently unable to run this insert basic command.
insert into Project(ProjId,MedicName,Purpose,Start_date,End_date,PI_Id)
insert into Project values('PR003','Medic3','lung','01-Nov-14','31-DEC-20','10101');
ERROR at line 2:
ORA-00926: missing VALUES keyword
Your syntax is wrong. You need to write one statement:
insert into Project(ProjId,MedicName,Purpose,Start_date,End_date,PI_Id)
values('PR003','Medic3','lung','01-Nov-14','31-DEC-20','10101');
Apart from the wrong syntax (you've already been told that), as it appears that certain columns in that table are DATE datatype, I'd suggest you not to enter strings into it, but dates. Becuase, both '01-Nov-14' and '31-DEC-20' are strings.
Don't rely on Oracle's implicit conversion. As long as it might work now, it'll fail sooner or later (when NLS settings change) not necessarily on this database, but on some other. For example, your values wouldn't fit into my database because my format is different, as well as language (we don't use English names). Take control over it.
You could
use date literal (which I used for start_date)
use TO_DATE function with appropriate format mask (end_date below)
Something like this:
INSERT INTO project (projid,
medicname,
purpose,
start_date,
end_date,
pi_id)
VALUES ('PR003',
'Medic3',
'lung',
DATE '2014-11-01', --> this
TO_DATE('31.12.2020', 'dd.mm.yyyy'), --> this
'10101');
I'm trying to update my database in Delphi, but I'm not getting it right.
What I want is simple. This is my code:
form1.ADOQuery1.SQL.Clear;
form1.ADOQuery1.SQL.Add('Update Table1 set mark=' +Form1.Edit4.Text);
form1.ADOQuery1.ExecSQL;
So basically, what I want is the Text written in the Edit to go into my database with the UPDATE function, where my database table is table1 and the field is named mark.
There is not enough information in your question to provide a definitive answer. However, I can make an estimated guess.
What you have shown would only work successfully if mark is defined as an ordinal or boolean field, and the user is entering appropriate numeric/boolean values into the TEdit.
But, if the mark field is defined as a textual field instead, you need to wrap the Text value in quote characters, otherwise you will produce invalid SQL syntax.
Imagine you entered a Text value of 'hello world'. Your original SQL statement would end up being the following, which is invalid syntax:
Update Table1 set mark=hello world
You need to wrap text values in quote characters instead:
Update Table1 set mark='hello world'
Or:
Update Table1 set mark="hello world"
For example:
form1.ADOQuery1.SQL.Add('Update Table1 set mark=' + QuotedStr(Form1.Edit4.Text));
Or:
form1.ADOQuery1.SQL.Add('Update Table1 set mark=' + AnsiQuotedStr(Form1.Edit4.Text, #34));
It is important to use a function like (Ansi)QuotedStr() to avoid SQL injection attacks. This is done by ensuring any embedded quote characters in the input text are escaped property. Otherwise, if you just did something like this instead:
form1.ADOQuery1.SQL.Add('Update Table1 set mark="' + Form1.Edit4.Text + '"');
The user could enter a text value like '"; <arbitrary SQL here>' and really reek havoc with your database.
The safer approach is to use a parameterized query instead, and let ADO handle any necessary SQL formatting for you (make sure TADOQuery.ParamCheck is true):
form1.ADOQuery1.SQL.Clear;
form1.ADOQuery1.SQL.Add('Update Table1 set mark=:Mark');
form1.ADOQuery1.Parameters.ParamByName('Mark').Value := Form1.Edit4.Text;
form1.ADOQuery1.ExecSQL;
I have a field Base that has the values for example 0000000000. I need to print it in txt file through stored procedure. Its data type is CHAR(10). But while printing it is just printing a single value like 0.
Please give me the suggestions to correct this.
Option1:
You should try using LPAD function.
Select LPAD(Columnname, 10, '0') from yourtable;
Option2:
try forcing TO_CHAR while printing
maybe your procedure implicitly convert your column to number.
try to change the call of your column to by explicit char by call to_char(column_name) in your procedure.
Get the above error when the execute immediate is called in a loop
Update CustomersPriceGroups set 1AO00=:disc Where cuno=:cuno
Parameters: disc=66 cuno=000974
Update CustomersPriceGroups set 1AP00=:disc Where cuno=:cuno
Parameters: disc=70.5 cuno=000974
Update CustomersPriceGroups set 1AQ00=:disc Where cuno=:cuno
Parameters: disc=66 cuno=000974
Update CustomersPriceGroups set 1ZA00=:disc Where cuno=:cuno
Parameters: disc=60 cuno=000974
What does this mean ?
Here is the code fragment
c:=PriceWorx.frcPriceListCustomers('020','221');
LOOP
fetch c into comno,cuno,nama,cpls;
exit when c%notfound;
dbms_output.put_Line(cuno);
g:=priceWorx.frcPriceListItemGroups('020','221');
d:=priceworx.frcCustomerDiscounts('020','221',cuno);
loop
fetch g into comno,cpgs,n;
fetch d into comno,cpls,cuno,cpgs,stdt,tdat,qanp,disc,src;
--dbms_output.put(chr(9)||cpgs);
sQ:='Update saap.CustomersPriceGroups set "'|| trim(cpgs)||'"=:disc '
|| ' Where cuno=:cuno';
execute immediate sQ using disc,cuno;
commit;
dbms_output.put_line( sQ );
dbms_output.put_line( chr(9)||'Parameters: disc='|| disc||' cuno='||cuno);
exit when g%notfound;
end loop;
close g;
close d;
end loop;
check your query for double comma.
insert into TABLE_NAME (COLUMN1, COLUMN2,,COLUMN3) values(1,2,3);
(there is extra comma after COLUMN2).
Update: recently (some people have special talents) i succeed to get same exception with new approach:
update TABLE_NAME set COLUMN1=7, set COLUMN2=8
(second SET is redundant)
Unquoted identifiers must begin with an alphabetic character (see rule 6 here). You're trying to assign a value to a column with a name starting with a number 1AO00, 1AP00 etc.
Without seeing the table definition for CustomersPriceGroups we don't know if it has columns with those names. If it does then they must have been created as quoted identifiers. If so you'll have to refer to them (everywhere) with quotes, which is not ideal - makes the code a bit harder to read, makes it easy to make a mistake like this, and can be hard to spot what's wrong. Even Oracle say, on the same page:
Note: Oracle does not recommend using quoted identifiers for database
object names. These quoted identifiers are accepted by SQL*Plus, but
they may not be valid when using other tools that manage database
objects.
In you code you appear to be using quotes when you assign sQ, but the output you show doesn't; but it doesn't have the saap. schema identifier either. That may be because you're not running the version of the code you think, but might just have been
lost if you retyped the data instead of pasting it - you're not showing the earlier output of c.cuno either. But it's also possible you have, say, the case of the column name wrong.
If the execute is throwing the error, you won't see the command being executed that time around the loop because the debug comes after it - you're seeing the successful values, not the one that's breaking. You need to check all the values being returned by the functions; I suspect that g is returning a value for cpgs that actually isn't a valid column name.
As #ninesided says, showing more information, particularly the full exception message, will help identify what's wrong.
It means that the Oracle parser thinks that one of your columns is not valid. This might be because you've incorrectly referenced a column, the column name is reserved word, or because you have a syntax error in the UPDATE statement that makes Oracle think that something which is not a column, is a column. It would really help to see the full statement that is being executed, the definition of the CustomersPriceGroups table and the full text of the exception being raised, as it will often tell which column is at fault.
if you add a extra "," at the end of the set statement instead of a syntax error, you will get ORA-01747, which is very very odd from Oracle
e.g
update table1
set col1 = 'Y', --this odd 1
where col2 = 123
and col3 = 456
In addition to reasons cited in other answers here, you may also need to check that none of your table column names have a name which is considered a special/reserved word in oracle database.
In my case I had a table column name uid. uid is a reserved word in oracle and therefore I was getting this error.
Luckly, my table was a new table and I had no data in it. I was a able to use oracle DROP table command to delete the table and create a new one with a modified name for the problem column.
I also had trouble with renaming the problem column as oracle wouldn't let me and kept throwing errors.
You used oracle keyword in your SQL statement
And I was writing query like. I had to remove [ and ]
UPDATE SN.TableName
SET [EXPIRY_DATE] = systimestamp + INTERVAL '12' HOUR,
WHERE [USER_ID] ='12345'
We recently moved from SQL Server to Oracle.
The cause may also be when you group by a different set of columns than in select for example:
select tab.a, tab.b, count(*)
from ...
where...
group by tab.a, tab.c;
ORA-01747: invalid user.table.column, table.column, or column
specification
You will get when you miss the column relation when you compare both column id your is will not be the same check both id in your database
Here is the sample Example which I was facing:
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET APPROVED_BY='1000',CHECK_CONDITION=ID, WHERE CONSUMER_ID='200'
here Issue you will get when 'CHECK_CONDITION' and 'ID' both column id will no same
If both id will same this time your query will execute fine, Check id Id both Column you compare in your code.
For me, the issue was due to use to column name "CLUSTER" which is a reserved word in Oracle. I was trying to insert into the column. Renaming the column fixed my issue.
insert into table (JOB_NAME, VERSION, CLUSTER, REPO, CREATE_TS) VALUES ('abc', 169, 'abc.war', '1.3', 'test.com', 'test', '26-Aug-19 04.27.09.000000949 PM')
Error at Command Line : 1 Column : 83
Error report -
SQL Error: ORA-01747: invalid user.table.column, table.column, or column specification
In my case, I had some.* in count. like count(dr.*)