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I have scenario where we want to replace multiple double quotes to single quotes between the data, but as the input data is separated with "comma" delimiter and all column data is enclosed with double quotes "" got an issue and the same explained below:
The sample data looks like this:
"int","","123","abd"""sf123","top"
So, the output would be:
"int","","123","abd"sf123","top"
tried below approach to get the resolution, but only first occurrence is working, not sure what is the issue??
sed -ie 's/,"",/,"NULL",/g;s/""/"/g;s/,"NULL",/,"",/g' inputfile.txt
replacing all ---> from ,"", to ,"NULL",
replacing all multiple occurrences of ---> from """ or "" or """" to " (single occurrence)
replacing 1 step changes back to original ---> from ,"NULL", to ,"",
But, only first occurrence is getting changed and remaining looks same as below:
If input is :
"int","","","123","abd"""sf123","top"
the output is coming as:
"int","","NULL","123","abd"sf123","top"
But, the output should be:
"int","","","123","abd"sf123","top"
You may try this perl with a lookahead:
perl -pe 's/("")+(?=")//g' file
"int","","123","abd"sf123","top"
"int","","","123","abd"sf123","top"
"123"abcs"
Where input is:
cat file
"int","","123","abd"""sf123","top"
"int","","","123","abd"""sf123","top"
"123"""""abcs"
Breakup:
("")+: Match 1+ pairs of double quotes
(?="): If those pairs are followed by a single "
Using sed
$ sed -E 's/(,"",)?"+(",)?/\1"\2/g' input_file
"int","","123","abd"sf123","top"
"int","","NULL","123","abd"sf123","top"
"int","","","123","abd"sf123","top"
In awk with your shown samples please try following awk code. Written and tested in GNU awk, should work in any version of awk.
awk '
BEGIN{ FS=OFS="," }
{
for(i=1;i<=NF;i++){
if($i!~/^""$/){
gsub(/"+/,"\"",$i)
}
}
}
1
' Input_file
Explanation: Simple explanation would be, setting field separator and output field separator as , for all the lines of Input_file. Then traversing through each field of line, if a field is NOT NULL then Globally replacing all 1 or more occurrences of " with single occurrence of ". Then printing the line.
With sed you could repeat 1 or more times sets of "" using a group followed by matching a single "
Then in the replacement use a single "
sed -E 's/("")+"/"/g' file
For this content
$ cat file
"int","","123","abd"""sf123","top"
"int","","","123","abd"""sf123","top"
"123"""""abcs"
The output is
"int","","123","abd"sf123","top"
"int","","","123","abd"sf123","top"
"123"abcs"
sed s'#"""#"#' file
That works. I will demonstrate another method though, which you may also find useful in other situations.
#!/bin/sh -x
cat > ed1 <<EOF
3s/"""/"/
wq
EOF
cp file stack
cat stack | tr ',' '\n' > f2
ed -s f2 < ed1
cat f2 | tr '\n' ',' > stack
rm -v ./f2
rm -v ./ed1
The point of this is that if you have a big csv record all on one line, and you want to edit a specific field, then if you know the field number, you can convert all the commas to carriage returns, and use the field number as a line number to either substitute, append after it, or insert before it with Ed; and then re-convert back to csv.
Hello everyone I'm a beginner in shell coding. In daily basis I need to convert a file's data to another format, I usually do it manually with Text Editor. But I often do mistakes. So I decided to code an easy script who can do the work for me.
The file's content like this
/release201209
a1,a2,"a3",a4,a5
b1,b2,"b3",b4,b5
c1,c2,"c3",c4,c5
to this:
a2>a3
b2>b3
c2>c3
The script should ignore the first line and print the second and third values separated by '>'
I'm half way there, and here is my code
#!/bin/bash
#while Loops
i=1
while IFS=\" read t1 t2 t3
do
test $i -eq 1 && ((i=i+1)) && continue
echo $t1|cut -d\, -f2 | { tr -d '\n'; echo \>$t2; }
done < $1
The problem in my code is that the last line isnt printed unless the file finishes with an empty line \n
And I want the echo to be printed inside a new CSV file(I tried to set the standard output to my new file but only the last echo is printed there).
Can someone please help me out? Thanks in advance.
Rather than treating the double quotes as a field separator, it seems cleaner to just delete them (assuming that is valid). Eg:
$ < input tr -d '"' | awk 'NR>1{print $2,$3}' FS=, OFS=\>
a2>a3
b2>b3
c2>c3
If you cannot just strip the quotes as in your sample input but those quotes are escaping commas, you could hack together a solution but you would be better off using a proper CSV parsing tool. (eg perl's Text::CSV)
Here's a simple pipeline that will do the trick:
sed '1d' data.txt | cut -d, -f2-3 | tr -d '"' | tr ',' '>'
Here, we're just removing the first line (as desired), selecting fields 2 & 3 (based on a comma field separator), removing the double quotes and mapping the remaining , to >.
Use this Perl one-liner:
perl -F',' -lane 'next if $. == 1; print join ">", map { tr/"//d; $_ } #F[1,2]' in_file
The Perl one-liner uses these command line flags:
-e : Tells Perl to look for code in-line, instead of in a file.
-n : Loop over the input one line at a time, assigning it to $_ by default.
-l : Strip the input line separator ("\n" on *NIX by default) before executing the code in-line, and append it when printing.
-a : Split $_ into array #F on whitespace or on the regex specified in -F option.
-F',' : Split into #F on comma, rather than on whitespace.
SEE ALSO:
perldoc perlrun: how to execute the Perl interpreter: command line switches
I'm trying to get a multiline output from a CSV into one line in Bash.
My CSV file looks like this:
hi,bye
hello,goodbye
The end goal is for it to look like this:
"hi/bye", "hello/goodbye"
This is currently where I'm at:
INPUT=mycsvfile.csv
while IFS=, read col1 col2 || [ -n "$col1" ]
do
source=$(awk '{print;}' | sed -e 's/,/\//g' )
echo "$source";
done < $INPUT
The output is on every line and I'm able to change the , to a / but I'm not sure how to put the output on one line with quotes around it.
I've tried BEGIN:
source=$(awk 'BEGIN { ORS=", " }; {print;}'| sed -e 's/,/\//g' )
But this only outputs the last line, and omits the first hi/bye:
hello/goodbye
Would anyone be able to help me?
Just do the whole thing (mostly) in awk. The final sed is just here to trim some trailing cruft and inject a newline at the end:
< mycsvfile.csv awk '{print "\""$1, $2"\""}' FS=, OFS=/ ORS=", " | sed 's/, $//'
If you're willing to install trl, a utility of mine, the command can be simplified as follows:
input=mycsvfile.csv
trl -R '| ' < "$input" | tr ',|' '/,'
trl transforms multiline input into double-quoted single-line output separated by ,<space> by default.
-R '| ' (temporarily) uses |<space> as the separator instead; this assumes that your data doesn't contain | instances, but you can choose any char. that you know not be part of your data.
tr ',|' '/,' then translates all , instances (field-internal to the input lines) into / instances, and all | instances (the temporary separator) into , instances, yielding the overall result as desired.
Installation of trl from the npm registry (Linux and macOS)
Note: Even if you don't use Node.js, npm, its package manager, works across platforms and is easy to install; try
curl -L https://git.io/n-install | bash
With Node.js installed, install as follows:
[sudo] npm install trl -g
Note:
Whether you need sudo depends on how you installed Node.js and whether you've changed permissions later; if you get an EACCES error, try again with sudo.
The -g ensures global installation and is needed to put trl in your system's $PATH.
Manual installation (any Unix platform with bash)
Download this bash script as trl.
Make it executable with chmod +x trl.
Move it or symlink it to a folder in your $PATH, such as /usr/local/bin (macOS) or /usr/bin (Linux).
$ awk -F, -v OFS='/' -v ORS='"' '{$1=s ORS $1; s=", "; print} END{printf RS}' file
"hi/bye", "hello/goodbye"
There is no need for a bash loop, which is invariably slow.
sed and tr can do this more efficiently:
input=mycsvfile.csv
sed 's/,/\//g; s/.*/"&", /; $s/, $//' "$input" | tr -d '\n'
s/,/\//g uses replaces all (g) , instances with / instances (escaped as \/ here).
s/.*/"&", / encloses the resulting line in "...", followed by ,<space>:
regex .* matches the entire pattern space (the potentially modified input line)
& in the replacement string represent that match.
$s/, $// removes the undesired trailing ,<space> from the final line ($)
tr -d '\n' then simply removes the newlines (\n) from the result, because sed invariably outputs each line with a trailing newline.
Note that the above command's single-line output will not have a trailing newline; simply append ; printf '\n' if it is needed.
In awk:
$ awk '{sub(/,/,"/");gsub(/^|$/,"\"");b=b (NR==1?"":", ")$0}END{print b}' file
"hi/bye", "hello/goodbye"
Explained:
$ awk '
{
sub(/,/,"/") # replace comma
gsub(/^|$/,"\"") # add quotes
b=b (NR==1?"":", ") $0 # buffer to add delimiters
}
END { print b } # output
' file
I'm assuming you just have 2 lines in your file? If you have alternating 2 line pairs, let me know in comments and I will expand for that general case. Here is a one-line awk conversion for you:
# NOTE: I am using the octal ascii code for the
# double quote char (\42=") in my printf statement
$ awk '{gsub(/,/,"/")}NR==1{printf("\42%s\42, ",$0)}NR==2{printf("\42%s\42\n",$0)}' file
output:
"hi/bye", "hello/goodbye"
Here is my attempt in awk:
awk 'BEGIN{ ORS = " " }{ a++; gsub(/,/, "/"); gsub(/[a-z]+\/[a-z]+/, "\"&\""); print $0; if (a == 1){ print "," }}{ if (a==2){ printf "\n"; a = 0 } }'
Works also if your Input has more than two lines.If you need some explanation feel free to ask :)
I have a variable with a bunch of data.
text = "ABCDEFGHIJK"
file = garbage.txt //iiuhdsfiuhdsihf]sdiuhdfoidsoijsf
What I would like to do is replace the ] charachter in file with text. I've tried using sed but I keep getting odd errors.
output should be:
//iiuhdsfiuhdsihfABCDEFGHIJKsdiuhdfoidsoijsf
Just need to escape the ] character with a \ in regex:
text="ABCDEFGHIJK"
sed "s/\(.*\)\]\(.*\)/\1$text\2/" file > file.changed
or, for in-place editing:
sed -i "s/\(.*\)\]\(.*\)/\1$text\2/" file
Test:
sed "s/\(.*\)\]\(.*\)/\1$text\2/" <<< "iiuhdsfiuhdsihf]sdiuhdfoidsoijsf"
# output => iiuhdsfiuhdsihfABCDEFGHIJKsdiuhdfoidsoijsf
There is always the bash way that should work in your osx:
filevar=$(cat file)
echo "${filevar/]/$text}" #to replace first occurence
OR
echo "${filevar//]/$text}" #to replace all occurences
In my bash i don't even have to escape ].
By the way, the simple sed does not work?
$ a="AA"
$ echo "garbage.txt //iiuhdsfiuhdsihf]sdiuhdfoidsoijsf" |sed "s/]/$a/g"
garbage.txt //iiuhdsfiuhdsihfAAsdiuhdfoidsoijsf
I have a file in Unix, with data sample like the following:
{"ID":"123", "Region":"Asia", "Location":"India"}
{"ID":"234", "Region":"APAC", "Location":"Australia"}
{"ID":"345", "Region":"Americas", "Location":"Mexio"}
{"ID":"456", "Region":"Americas", "Location":"Canada"}
{"ID":"567", "Region":"APAC", "Location":"Japan"}
The desired output is
ID|Region|Location
123|Asia|India
234|APAC|Australia
345|Americas|Mexico
456|Americas|Canada
567|APAC|Japan
I tried with a few sed commands. I could remove the following: '{', '}', ' " ', ':'
There are 2 issues with the output file
All rows from input appear in single line in the output.
Adding the pipe ('|') as delimiter.
Any pointers are highly appreciated.
I recommend the tool jq (http://stedolan.github.io/jq/); jq is a lightweight and flexible command-line JSON processor.
jq -r '"\(.ID)|\(.Region)|\(.Location)"' < infile
123|Asia|India
234|APAC|Australia
345|Americas|Mexio
456|Americas|Canada
567|APAC|Japan
Explanation
-r is --raw-output
Through awk,
awk -F'"' -v OFS="|" 'BEGIN{print "ID|Region|Location"}{print $4,$8,$12}' file
Example:
$ cat file
{"ID":"123", "Region":"Asia", "Location":"India"}
{"ID":"234", "Region":"APAC", "Location":"Australia"}
{"ID":"345", "Region":"Americas", "Location":"Mexio"}
{"ID":"456", "Region":"Americas", "Location":"Canada"}
{"ID":"567", "Region":"APAC", "Location":"Japan"}
$ awk -F'"' -v OFS="|" 'BEGIN{print "ID|Region|Location"}{print $4,$8,$12}' file
ID|Region|Location
123|Asia|India
234|APAC|Australia
345|Americas|Mexio
456|Americas|Canada
567|APAC|Japan
EXplanation:
-F'"' Sets " as Field Separator value.
OFS="|" Sets | as Output Field Separator value.
Atfirst, awk would execute the function inside the BEGIN block. It helps to print the header section.
This sed one-liner does what you want. It's capturing the field values using parenthesized expressions, and then putting them into the output using \1, \2, and \3.
s/^{"ID":"\([^"]*\)", "Region":"\([^"]*\)", "Location":"\([^"]*\)"}$/\1|\2|\3/
Invoke it like:
$ sed -f one-liner.sed input.txt
Or you can invoke it within a Bash script, producing the header:
echo 'ID|Region|Location'
sed -e 's/^{"ID":"\([^"]*\)", "Region":"\([^"]*\)", "Location":"\([^"]*\)"}$/\1|\2|\3/' $input
It is a JSON file so it is best to use a JSON parser. Here is a perl implementation of it.
#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use JSON;
open my $fh, '<', 'path/to/your/file';
#keys of your structure
my #key = qw(ID Region Location);
print join ("|", #key), "\n";
#iterate over your file, decode it and print in order of your key structure
while (my $json = <$fh>) {
my $text = decode_json($json);
print join ("|", map { $$text{$_} } #key ),"\n";
}
Output:
ID|Region|Location
123|Asia|India
234|APAC|Australia
345|Americas|Mexio
456|Americas|Canada
567|APAC|Japan
Using sed as follows
Command line
echo "my_string" |
sed -e 's#[,:"{}]##g' -e 's#ID##g' -e "s#Region##g" -e 's#Location##g' \
-e '1 s#^.*$#ID Region Location\n&#' -e 's# #|#g'
or
sed -e 's#[,:"{}]##g' -e 's#ID##g' -e "s#Region##g" -e 's#Location##g' \
-e '1 s#^.*$#ID Region Location\n&#' -e 's# #|#g' my_file
I tried this in a terminal as follows:
echo '{"ID":"123", "Region":"Asia", "Location":"India"}
{"ID":"234", "Region":"APAC", "Location":"Australia"}
{"ID":"345", "Region":"Americas", "Location":"Mexio"}
{"ID":"456", "Region":"Americas", "Location":"Canada"}
{"ID":"567", "Region":"APAC", "Location":"Japan"}' |
sed -e 's#[,:"{}]##g' -e 's#ID##g' -e "s#Region##g" -e 's#Location##g' \
-e '1 s#^.*$#ID Region Location\n&#' -e 's# #|#g'
Output
ID|Region|Location
123|Asia|India
234|APAC|Australia
345|Americas|Mexio
456|Americas|Canada
567|APAC|Japan
Many thanks for your response and the pointers/ solutions did help a lot.
For some mysterious reasons, I couldn't get any sed commands work. So, I devised my own solution. Although it's not elegant, it's still worked.
Here is the script I prepared which resolved the issue.
#!/bin/bash
# ource file path.
infile=/home/exfile.txt
# remove if these temp file exist already.
rm ./efile.txt ./xfile.txt ./yfile.txt ./zfile.txt
# removing the curly braces from input file.
cat exfile.txt | cut -d "{" -f2 | cut -d "}" -f1 >> ./efile.txt
# setting input file name to different value.
infile=./efile.txt
# remove double quotes from the file.
while IFS= read -r line
do
echo $line | sed 's/\"//g' >> ./xfile.txt
done < "$infile"
# creating another temp file.
infile2=./xfile.txt
# remove colon from file.
while IFS= read -r line
do
echo $line | sed 's/\:/,/g' >> ./yfile.txt
done < "$infile2"
# set input file path to new temp file.
infile3=yfile.txt
# initialize variables to hold header column values.
t1=0
t3=0
t5=0
# read each of the line to extract header row. Exit loop after reading 1st row.
once=1
while IFS=',' read -r f1 f2 f3 f4 f5 f6
do
"$f1 $f2 $f3 $f4 $f5 $f6"
t1=$f1
t3=$f3
t5=$f5
if [ "$once" -eq 1 ]; then
break
fi
done < "$infile3"
# Read each of the line from input file. Write only the value to another output file.
while IFS=',' read -r f1 f2 f3 f4 f5 f6
do
echo "$f2|$f4|$f6" >> ./zfile.txt
done < "$infile3"
# insert the header column row into the file generated in the step above.
frstline="$t1|$t3|$t5"
sed -i '1i ID|Region|Location' ./zfile.txt