404 /index.xhtml Not Found in ExternalContext as a Resource - maven

Question

I am aware that there are similar questions related to this topic. However, none of the answers did help me and I simply can't get my Intellij/Tomcat running correctly.
Tomcat is not able to find any *.xhtml or plain html file. Every single time I try to run the project out of IntellIj I just get the error mentioned in the title. I also tried deploying the project with maven. Didn't work out well (same problem).
I installed Tomcat with Xampp in the default location C:\xampp on a Win10 64 bit machine. Here is how my project is structured:
I defined all my dependencies in the pom.xml plus the plugin to deploy the web app on tomcat:
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>${servlet.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- Mojarra JSF -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.sun.faces</groupId>
<artifactId>jsf-api</artifactId>
<version>${mojarra.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.sun.faces</groupId>
<artifactId>jsf-impl</artifactId>
<version>${mojarra.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- PrimeFaces -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.primefaces</groupId>
<artifactId>primefaces</artifactId>
<version>${primefaces.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.primefaces.extensions</groupId>
<artifactId>all-themes</artifactId>
<version>1.0.8</version>
</dependency>
What i configured for Tomcat in Intellij: Run/Debug settings in Intellij
I no longer have any idea whatsoever what this could be. Checked URLs multiple times, threw away that declaration for the virtual /faces/* folder in the web.xml. Here's my full web.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1">
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.xhtml</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.xhtml</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.jsf</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<listener>
<listener-class>com.sun.faces.config.ConfigureListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<listener id="ServiceLocator">
<display-name>InitializeContextListener</display-name>
<listener-class>wuhu.webclient.InitializeContextListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<context-param>
<description>State saving method: 'client' or 'server' (=default). See JSF Specification 2.5.2</description>
<param-name>javax.faces.STATE_SAVING_METHOD</param-name>
<param-value>client</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl.fmt.localizationContext</param-name>
<param-value>resources.application</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>javax.faces.DATETIMECONVERTER_DEFAULT_TIMEZONE_IS_SYSTEM_TIMEZONE</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>WUHU_SERVICE_URL</param-name>
<param-value>http://localhost:%s/wuhuservice</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>WUHU_SERVICE_PORT</param-name>
<param-value>8123</param-value>
</context-param>
</web-app>

Answer 1

Faulty Maven project structure, answered by JimHawkins in the comments