What is '>' in ubuntu terminal [duplicate] - terminal

This question already has answers here:
How to split strings over multiple lines in Bash?
(12 answers)
Closed 5 years ago.
I sometimes type a command and in haste if I do this
pwd\
>
I see >. What feature is this in linux terminal?

It's indicating that the command you've typed is not complete, and it's still waiting for the rest of it.

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I recently started bash scripting and got stuck with a very basic usecase, searched stackoverflow/google but couldn't find a way to achieve what I am trying to do.
I have a script color.sh
#!/bin/bash
Apple="Red"
Orange="Orange"
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What I am trying to achieve is print the color of fruit and accept fruit from command line. The output I want is
./color.sh Apple -> Red, but what I get is some random number which I think is process Id.

What is the windows command line equivalent to what role "$" plays in a Linux terminal? [duplicate]

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Batch equivalent of Bash backticks
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As the question title states, I want to know what control character is used in the windows command line when we want all content within the proceeding brackets to be evaluated as the output one expects if that content were executed on a separate command line for example in Linux to assign a value to a variable:
variable=$(a valid command sequence);

Find out what the (shell) script was invoked with [duplicate]

This question already has answers here:
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Suppose my script.sh could take a number of options and arguments. What is the best way to find out what the script was invoked with (form inside the script)?
For eg., someone called it with script.sh --foo_option bar_arg
Is there a way to echo that exact command they typed from inside the script?
I've tried echo !! which does not work inside a script.

Difference between ` and $ in UNIX [duplicate]

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What is the difference between $(command) and `command` in shell programming?
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What is the benefit of using $() instead of backticks in shell scripts? [duplicate]
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In Unix we have 2 ways to execute a command and capture its output in a variable:
1.)
x=`wc-l`
2.)
x=$(wc -l)
Can anyone help me understand the basic difference between the two, and when to use which syntax.

What does "echo(" mean was a command in a Windows batch file? [duplicate]

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What does an echo followed immediately by a slash do in a Windows CMD file?
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Batch file new line problems
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I was reading this question where I saw not one but two separate answers where the code provided used a form of echo( with no closing parenthesis.
What does this form of the command do?
I am familiar with echo. to perform an echo of an empty line but I've not seen this other form before.

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