There are 4 user folders user1, user2, user3 and user4.
They all have music in their folder and I need to move these .mp4, .mkv and .mp3 files into the folder /tmp/Papierkorb
Also I need to rename it like, when user1 has a music file, it should change the name of the file into the name of the user_filename, from which user It comes from.
This is what I have now:
for file in $(find -type f -name *.mp3;find -type f -name *.mkv;find -type f -name *.mp4)
do
echo mv "$file" /tmp/Papierkorb$file;
done
This is what appears with echo:
root#ubuntu-VirtualBox:/home# bash script.sh
mv ./user2/music/hits.mp3 /tmp/Papierkorb./user2/music/hits.mp3
mv ./user4/hits/music.mp3 /tmp/Papierkorb./user4/hits/music.mp3
mv ./user1/lied1.mp3 /tmp/Papierkorb./user1/lied1.mp3
mv ./user1/lied1.mkv /tmp/Papierkorb./user1/lied1.mkv
mv ./user1/lied12.mp4 /tmp/Papierkorb./user1/lied12.mp4
mv ./user1/1lied12.mp4 /tmp/Papierkorb./user1/1lied12.mp4
mv ./user3/test/meinealben/testlied.mp4 /tmp/Papierkorb./user3/test/meinealben/testlied.mp4
When I remove the echo, it says, that the folder after Papierkorb doesn't exist. I also don't know anything how I rename it into the name of the user, from which user the file comes from.
With find you can group the -name predicates and use the -exec ... {} + construct:
for user in user1 user2 user3 user4
do
find "./$user" '(' -name '*.[mM][pP][34]' -o -name '*.[mM][kK][vV]' ')' -exec sh -c '
for file
do
mv "$file" "$0${file##*/}"
done
' "/tmp/Papierkorb/${user}_" {} +
done
Notes:
to make the code easier I used one find per username
the -exec sh -c '...' "/tmp/Papierkorb/${user}_" {} + is a little hackish but thanks to that you'll directly have value of /tmp/Papierkorb/${user}_ as $0 in the inline script
Using find and awk
#!/bin/bash
dir="/path/to/users"
# for all users
find "$dir" -maxdepth 2 -regex '.*\.\([mM][pP][34]\|[mM][kK][vV]\)'| \
awk -F/ '{print |"mv "$0" /tmp/Papierkorb/"$(NF-1)"_"$NF}'
# for some users
# using multiple find folders
find "$dir"/user1 "$dir"/user2 "$dir"/user3 -maxdepth 2 -regex '.*\.\([mM][pP][34]\|[mM][kK][vV]\)'| \
awk -F/ '{print |"mv "$0" /tmp/Papierkorb/"$(NF-1)"_"$NF}'
# using awk user filter
find "$dir" -maxdepth 2 -regex '.*\.\([mM][pP][34]\|[mM][kK][vV]\)'| \
awk -F/ '/user1|user2|user3/ {print |"mv "$0" /tmp/Papierkorb/"$(NF-1)"_"$NF}'
# using awk condition
find "$dir" -maxdepth 2 -regex '.*\.\([mM][pP][34]\|[mM][kK][vV]\)'| \
awk -F/ '{if($(NF-1)=="user1" || $(NF-1)=="user2" print |"mv "$0" /tmp/Papierkorb/"$(NF-1)"_"$NF}'
Using find and xargs
find "$dir"/user1 "$dir"/user2 -maxdepth 2 -regex '.*\.\([mM][pP][3-4]\|[mM][kK][vV]\)'| \
xargs -i sh -c 'mv "{}" /tmp/Papierkorb/$(basename $(dirname "{}"))_$(basename "{}")'
I am using the following bash line to find text files in a subfolder with a given a pattern inside it and move them to a subfolder:
find originalFolder/ -maxdepth 1 -type f -exec grep -q 'mySpecificPattern' {} \; -exec mv -i {} destinationFolder/ \;
Now instead of grepping a pattern, I would like to move the files to a subfolder if they consist only of a single line (of text): how can I do that?
You can do it this way:
while IFS= read -r -d '' file; do
[[ $(wc -l < "$file") -eq 1 ]] && echo mv -i "$file" destinationFolder/
done < <(find originalFolder/ -maxdepth 1 -type f -print0)
Note use of echo in front of mv so that you can verify output before actually executing mv. Once you're satisfied with output, remove echo before mv.
Using wc as shown above is the most straightforward way, although it reads the entire file to determine the length. It's also possible to do length checks with awk, and the exit function lets you fit that into a find command.
find . -type f -exec awk 'END { exit (NR==1 ? 0 : 1) } NR==2 { exit 1 }' {} \; -print
The command returns status 0 if there has been only 1 input record at end-of-file, and it also exits immediately with status 1 when line 2 is encountered; this should easily outrun wc if large files are a performance concern.
If you want a breakdown of how many files are in each dir under your current dir:
for i in $(find . -maxdepth 1 -type d) ; do
echo -n $i": " ;
(find $i -type f | wc -l) ;
done
It does not work when the directory name has a blank in the name. Can anyone here tell me how I must edite this shell script so that such directory names also accepted for counting its file contents?
Thanks
Your code suffers from a common issue described in http://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashPitfalls#for_i_in_.24.28ls_.2A.mp3.29.
In your case you could do this instead:
for i in */; do
echo -n "${i%/}: "
find "$i" -type f | wc -l
done
This will work with all types of file names:
find . -maxdepth 1 -type d -exec sh -c 'printf "%s: %i\n" "$1" "$(find "$1" -type f | wc -l)"' Counter {} \;
How it works
find . -maxdepth 1 -type d
This finds the directories just as you were doing
-exec sh -c 'printf "%s: %i\n" "$1" "$(find "$1" -type f | wc -l)"' Counter {} \;
This feeds each directory name to a shell script which counts the files, similarly to what you were doing.
There are some tricks here: Counter {} are passed as arguments to the shell script. Counter becomes $0 (which is only used if the shell script generates an error. find replaces {} with the name of a directory it found and this will be available to the shell script as $1. This is done is a way that is safe for all types of file names.
Note that, wherever $1 is used in the script, it is inside double-quotes. This protects it for word splitting or other unwanted shell expansions.
I found the solution what I have to consider:
Consider_this
#!/bin/bash
SAVEIFS=$IFS
IFS=$(echo -en "\n\b")
for i in $(find . -maxdepth 1 -type d); do
echo -n " $i: ";
(find $i -type f | wc -l) ;
done
IFS=$SAVEIFS
I'm working on a bash script to help organize files and I want to use mv -i to make sure I don't write over something important.
The script is working right now except for the -i for the mv.
It shows (y/n [n]) not overwritten part, but then goes and and doesn't allow me to interact with it.
createList()
{
ls *.epub | sed 's/-.*//' |uniq >> list.txt
ls *.mobi | sed 's/-.*//' |uniq >> list2.txt
}
atag()
{
find /Users/j/Desktop/Source -maxdepth 1 -iname "*.epub" -type f -print0 | xargs -0 -I '{}' tag -a Purple {}
find /Users/j/Desktop/Source -maxdepth 1 -iname "*.mobi" -type f -print0 | xargs -0 -I '{}' tag -a Purple {}
}
moveEpub()
{
while read -r line; do
if [ -d "/Users/j/Desktop/Dest/$line" ]; then
if [ -d "/Users/j/Desktop/Dest/$line/EPUB" ]; then
find /Users/j/Desktop/Source/ -maxdepth 1 -iname "*$line*" -and ! -iname ".*$line*" -type f -print0 | xargs -0 -I '{}' mv -i {} /Users/j/Desktop/Dest/"$line"/EPUB/
else
mkdir "/Users/j/Desktop/Dest/$line/EPUB"
find /Users/j/Desktop/Source/ -maxdepth 1 -iname "*$line*" -and ! -iname ".*$line*" -type f -print0 | xargs -0 -I '{}' mv -i {} /Users/j/Desktop/Dest/"$line"/EPUB/
fi
fi
done < "list.txt"
}
moveMobi()
{
while read -r line; do
if [ -d "/Users/j/Desktop/Dest/$line" ]; then
if [ -d "/Users/j/Desktop/Dest/$line/MOBI" ]; then
find /Users/j/Desktop/Source/ -maxdepth 1 -iname "*$line*" -and ! -iname ".*$line*" -type f -print0 | xargs -0 -I '{}' mv -i {} /Users/j/Desktop/Dest/"$line"/MOBI/
else
mkdir "/Users/j/Desktop/Dest/$line/MOBI"
find /Users/j/Desktop/Source/ -maxdepth 1 -iname "*$line*" -and ! -iname ".*$line*" -type f -print0 | xargs -0 -I '{}' mv --interactive {} /Users/j/Desktop/Dest/"$line"/MOBI/
fi
fi
done < "list2.txt"
}
clear
createList
atag
moveEpub
moveMobi
rm list.txt
rm list2.txt
If you want mv -i to interact with the terminal, that means its stdin needs to be attached to that terminal. There are several places, here, where you're overriding stdin.
For instance:
# THIS LOOP OVERRIDES STDIN
while read -r line
...
done <list.txt
...redirects stdin for the entire duration of the loop, so instead of reading from the user, mv reads from list.txt. To change this, use a different file descriptor:
# This loop uses FD 3 for stdin
while read -r line <&3
...
done 3<list.txt
Another place is in calling xargs. Instead of:
# Overrides stdin for xargs and mv to contain output from find
find ... -print0 | xargs -0 -I '{}' mv -i '{}' "$dest"
...use:
# directly executes mv from find, stdin not modified
find ... -exec mv -i '{}' "$dest" ';'
That said, I would suggest ditching list.txt and list2.txt altogether; you simply don't need them; for that matter, you don't need find either.
dest=/Users/j/Desktop/Dest
source=/Users/j/Desktop/Source
moveEpub() {
local -A finished=( ) # WARNING: This requires bash 4.0 or newer.
for name in *.epub; do
prefix=${name%%-*} # remove everything past the first dash
[[ ${finished[$prefix]} ]] && continue # skip if already done with this prefix
finished[$prefix]=1 # set flag to skip other files w/ this prefix
[[ -d $dest/$prefix ]] || continue # skip if no directory exists for this prefix
mkdir -p "$dest/$prefix/EPUB" # create destination if not existing
mv -i "$source"/*"$prefix"* "$dest/$prefix/EPUB"
done
}
You can use built in find action -exec instead of piping to xargs :
find /Users/j/Desktop/Source/ -maxdepth 1 \
-iname "*$line*" -and ! -iname ".*$line*" -type f \
-exec mv -i {} /Users/j/Desktop/Dest/"$line"/EPUB/ \;
I am trying to use find -exec with multiple commands without any success. Does anybody know if commands such as the following are possible?
find *.txt -exec echo "$(tail -1 '{}'),$(ls '{}')" \;
Basically, I am trying to print the last line of each txt file in the current directory and print at the end of the line, a comma followed by the filename.
find accepts multiple -exec portions to the command. For example:
find . -name "*.txt" -exec echo {} \; -exec grep banana {} \;
Note that in this case the second command will only run if the first one returns successfully, as mentioned by #Caleb. If you want both commands to run regardless of their success or failure, you could use this construct:
find . -name "*.txt" \( -exec echo {} \; -o -exec true \; \) -exec grep banana {} \;
find . -type d -exec sh -c "echo -n {}; echo -n ' x '; echo {}" \;
One of the following:
find *.txt -exec awk 'END {print $0 "," FILENAME}' {} \;
find *.txt -exec sh -c 'echo "$(tail -n 1 "$1"),$1"' _ {} \;
find *.txt -exec sh -c 'echo "$(sed -n "\$p" "$1"),$1"' _ {} \;
Another way is like this:
multiple_cmd() {
tail -n1 $1;
ls $1
};
export -f multiple_cmd;
find *.txt -exec bash -c 'multiple_cmd "$0"' {} \;
in one line
multiple_cmd() { tail -1 $1; ls $1 }; export -f multiple_cmd; find *.txt -exec bash -c 'multiple_cmd "$0"' {} \;
"multiple_cmd()" - is a function
"export -f multiple_cmd" - will export it so any other subshell can see it
"find *.txt -exec bash -c 'multiple_cmd "$0"' {} \;" - find that will execute the function on your example
In this way multiple_cmd can be as long and as complex, as you need.
Hope this helps.
There's an easier way:
find ... | while read -r file; do
echo "look at my $file, my $file is amazing";
done
Alternatively:
while read -r file; do
echo "look at my $file, my $file is amazing";
done <<< "$(find ...)"
Extending #Tinker's answer,
In my case, I needed to make a command | command | command inside the -exec to print both the filename and the found text in files containing a certain text.
I was able to do it with:
find . -name config -type f \( -exec grep "bitbucket" {} \; -a -exec echo {} \; \)
the result is:
url = git#bitbucket.org:a/a.git
./a/.git/config
url = git#bitbucket.org:b/b.git
./b/.git/config
url = git#bitbucket.org:c/c.git
./c/.git/config
I don't know if you can do this with find, but an alternate solution would be to create a shell script and to run this with find.
lastline.sh:
echo $(tail -1 $1),$1
Make the script executable
chmod +x lastline.sh
Use find:
find . -name "*.txt" -exec ./lastline.sh {} \;
Thanks to Camilo Martin, I was able to answer a related question:
What I wanted to do was
find ... -exec zcat {} | wc -l \;
which didn't work. However,
find ... | while read -r file; do echo "$file: `zcat $file | wc -l`"; done
does work, so thank you!
1st answer of Denis is the answer to resolve the trouble. But in fact it is no more a find with several commands in only one exec like the title suggest. To answer the one exec with several commands thing we will have to look for something else to resolv. Here is a example:
Keep last 10000 lines of .log files which has been modified in the last 7 days using 1 exec command using severals {} references
1) see what the command will do on which files:
find / -name "*.log" -a -type f -a -mtime -7 -exec sh -c "echo tail -10000 {} \> fictmp; echo cat fictmp \> {} " \;
2) Do it: (note no more "\>" but only ">" this is wanted)
find / -name "*.log" -a -type f -a -mtime -7 -exec sh -c "tail -10000 {} > fictmp; cat fictmp > {} ; rm fictmp" \;
I usually embed the find in a small for loop one liner, where the find is executed in a subcommand with $().
Your command would look like this then:
for f in $(find *.txt); do echo "$(tail -1 $f), $(ls $f)"; done
The good thing is that instead of {} you just use $f and instead of the -exec … you write all your commands between do and ; done.
Not sure what you actually want to do, but maybe something like this?
for f in $(find *.txt); do echo $f; tail -1 $f; ls -l $f; echo; done
should use xargs :)
find *.txt -type f -exec tail -1 {} \; | xargs -ICONSTANT echo $(pwd),CONSTANT
another one (working on osx)
find *.txt -type f -exec echo ,$(PWD) {} + -exec tail -1 {} + | tr ' ' '/'
A find+xargs answer.
The example below finds all .html files and creates a copy with the .BAK extension appended (e.g. 1.html > 1.html.BAK).
Single command with multiple placeholders
find . -iname "*.html" -print0 | xargs -0 -I {} cp -- "{}" "{}.BAK"
Multiple commands with multiple placeholders
find . -iname "*.html" -print0 | xargs -0 -I {} echo "cp -- {} {}.BAK ; echo {} >> /tmp/log.txt" | sh
# if you need to do anything bash-specific then pipe to bash instead of sh
This command will also work with files that start with a hyphen or contain spaces such as -my file.html thanks to parameter quoting and the -- after cp which signals to cp the end of parameters and the beginning of the actual file names.
-print0 pipes the results with null-byte terminators.
for xargs the -I {} parameter defines {} as the placeholder; you can use whichever placeholder you like; -0 indicates that input items are null-separated.
I found this solution (maybe it is already said in a comment, but I could not find any answer with this)
you can execute MULTIPLE COMMANDS in a row using "bash -c"
find . <SOMETHING> -exec bash -c "EXECUTE 1 && EXECUTE 2 ; EXECUTE 3" \;
in your case
find . -name "*.txt" -exec bash -c "tail -1 '{}' && ls '{}'" \;
i tested it with a test file:
[gek#tuffoserver tmp]$ ls *.txt
casualfile.txt
[gek#tuffoserver tmp]$ find . -name "*.txt" -exec bash -c "tail -1 '{}' && ls '{}'" \;
testonline1=some TEXT
./casualfile.txt
Here is my bash script that you can use to find multiple files and then process them all using a command.
Example of usage. This command applies a file linux command to each found file:
./finder.sh file fb2 txt
Finder script:
# Find files and process them using an external command.
# Usage:
# ./finder.sh ./processing_script.sh txt fb2 fb2.zip doc docx
counter=0
find_results=()
for ext in "${#:2}"
do
# #see https://stackoverflow.com/a/54561526/10452175
readarray -d '' ext_results < <(find . -type f -name "*.${ext}" -print0)
for file in "${ext_results[#]}"
do
counter=$((counter+1))
find_results+=("${file}")
echo ${counter}") ${file}"
done
done
countOfResults=$((counter))
echo -e "Found ${countOfResults} files.\n"
echo "Processing..."
counter=0
for file in "${find_results[#]}"
do
counter=$((counter+1))
echo -n ${counter}"/${countOfResults}) "
eval "$1 '${file}'"
done
echo "All files have been processed."