I want to run a command in a shell script if files in one directory have changed more recently than files in another directory.
I would like something like this
if [ dir1/* <have been modified more recently than> dir2/* ]; then
echo 'We need to do some stuff!'
fi
As described in BashFAQ #3, broken down here into reusable functions:
newestFile() {
local latest file
for file; do
[[ $file && $file -nt $latest ]] || latest=$file
done
}
directoryHasNewerFilesThan() {
[[ "$(newestFile "$1"/*)" -nt "$(newestFile "$2" "$2"/*)" ]]
}
if directoryHasNewerFilesThan dir1 dir2; then
echo "We need to do something!"
else
echo "All is well"
fi
If you want to count the directories themselves as files, you can do that too; just replace "$(newestFile "$1"/*)" with "$(newestFile "$1" "$1"/*)", and likewise for the call to newestFile for $2.
Using /bin/ls
#!/usr/bin/ksh
dir1=$1
dir2=$2
#get modified time of directories
integer dir1latest=$(ls -ltd --time-style=+"%s" ${dir1} | head -n 2 | tail -n 1 | awk '{print $6}')
integer dir2latest=$(ls -ltd --time-style=+"%s" ${dir2} | head -n 2 | tail -n 1 | awk '{print $6}')
#get modified time of the latest file in the directories
integer dir1latestfile=$(ls -lt --time-style=+"%s" ${dir1} | head -n 2 | tail -n 1 | awk '{print $6}')
integer dir2latestfile=$(ls -lt --time-style=+"%s" ${dir2} | head -n 2 | tail -n 1 | awk '{print $6}')
#sort the times numerically and get the highest time
val=$(/bin/echo -e "${dir1latest}\n${dir2latest}\n${dir1latestfile}\n${dir2latestfile}" | sort -n | tail -n 1)
#check to which file the highest time belongs to
case $val in
#(${dir1latest}|${dir1latestfile})) echo $dir1 is latest ;;
#(${dir2latest}|${dir2latestfile})) echo $dir2 is latest ;;
esac
It's simple, get times stamps of both the folders in machine format(epoch time) then do simple comparison. that's all
Related
I'm still new to the shell and need some help.
I have a file stapel_old.
Also I have in the same directory files like english_old_sync, math_old_sync and vocabulary_old_sync.
The content of stapel_old is:
english
math
vocabulary
The content of e.g. english is:
basic_grammar.md
spelling.md
orthography.md
I want to manipulate all files which are given in stapel_old like in this example:
take the first line of stapel_old 'english', (after that math, and so on)
convert in this case english to english_old_sync, (or after that what is given in second line, e.g. math to math_old_sync)
search in english_old_sync line by line for the pattern '.md'
And append to each line after .md :::#a1
The result should be e.g. of english_old_sync:
basic_grammar.md:::#a1
spelling.md:::#a1
orthography.md:::#a1
of math_old_sync:
geometry.md:::#a1
fractions.md:::#a1
and so on. stapel_old should stay unchanged.
How can I realize that?
I tried with sed -n, while loop (while read -r line), and I'm feeling it's somehow the right way - but I still get errors and not the expected result after 4 hours inspecting and reading.
Thank you!
EDIT
Here is the working code (The files are stored in folder 'olddata'):
clear
echo -e "$(tput setaf 1)$(tput setab 7)Learning directories:$(tput sgr 0)\n"
# put here directories which should not become flashcards, command: | grep -v 'name_of_directory_which_not_to_learn1' | grep -v 'directory2'
ls ../ | grep -v 00_gliederungsverweise | grep -v 0_weiter | grep -v bibliothek | grep -v notizen | grep -v Obsidian | grep -v z_nicht_uni | tee olddata/stapel_old
# count folders
echo -ne "\nHow much different folders: " && wc -l olddata/stapel_old | cut -d' ' -f1 | tee -a olddata/stapel_old
echo -e "Are this learning directories correct? [j ODER y]--> yes; [Other]-->no\n"
read lernvz_korrekt
if [ "$lernvz_korrekt" = j ] || [ "$lernvz_korrekt" = y ];
then
read -n 1 -s -r -p "Learning directories correct. Press any key to continue..."
else
read -n 1 -s -r -p "Learning directories not correct, please change in line 4. Press any key to continue..."
exit
fi
echo -e "\n_____________________________\n$(tput setaf 6)$(tput setab 5)Found cards:$(tput sgr 0)$(tput setaf 6)\n"
#GET && WRITE FOLDER NAMES into olddata/stapel_old
anzahl_zeilen=$(cat olddata/stapel_old |& tail -1)
#GET NAMES of .md files of every stapel and write All to 'stapelname'_old_sync
i=0
name="var_$i"
for (( num=1; num <= $anzahl_zeilen; num++ ))
do
i="$((i + 1))"
name="var_$i"
name=$(cat olddata/stapel_old | sed -n "$num"p)
find ../$name/ -name '*.md' | grep -v trash | grep -v Obsidian | rev | cut -d'/' -f1 | rev | tee olddata/$name"_old_sync"
done
(tput sgr 0)
I tried to add:
input="olddata/stapel_old"
while IFS= read -r line
do
sed -n "$line"p olddata/stapel_old
done < "$input"
The code to change only the english_old_sync is:
lines=$(wc -l olddata/english_old_sync | cut -d' ' -f1)
for ((num=1; num <= $lines; num++))
do
content=$(sed -n "$num"p olddata/english_old_sync)
sed -i "s/"$content"/""$content":::#a1/g"" olddata/english_old_sync
done
So now, this need to be a inner for-loop, of a outer for-loop which holds the variable for english, right?
stapel_old should stay unchanged.
You could try a while + read loop and embed sed inside the loop.
#!/usr/bin/env bash
while IFS= read -r files; do
echo cp -v "$files" "${files}_old_sync" &&
echo sed '/^.*\.md$/s/$/:::#a1/' "${files}_old_sync"
done < olddata/staple_old
convert in this case english to english_old_sync, (or after that what is given in second line, e.g. math to math_old_sync)
cp copies the file with a new name, if the goal is renaming the original file name from the content of the file staple_old then change cp to mv
The -n and -i flag from sed was ommited , include it, if needed.
The script also assumes that there are no empty/blank lines in the content of staple_old file. If in case there are/is add an addition test after the line where the do is.
[[ -n $files ]] || continue
It also assumes that the content of staple_old are existing files. Just in case add an additional test.
[[ -e $files ]] || { printf >&2 '%s no such file or directory.\n' "$files"; continue; }
Or an if statement.
if [[ ! -e $files ]]; then
printf >&2 '%s no such file or directory\n' "$files"
continue
fi
See also help test
See also help continue
Combining them all together should be something like:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
while IFS= read -r files; do
[[ -n $files ]] || continue
[[ -e $files ]] || {
printf >&2 '%s no such file or directory.\n' "$files"
continue
}
echo cp -v "$files" "${files}_old_sync" &&
echo sed '/^.*\.md$/s/$/:::#a1/' "${files}_old_sync"
done < olddata/staple_old
Remove the echo's If you're satisfied with the output so the script could copy/rename and edit the files.
I want to write into a file in a bash script but I want to make sure that the file is backed up if it exists and I also want to avoid overwriting any existing backups.
So basically I have $FILE, if this exists, I want to move $FILE to $FILE.bak if it does not already exist, otherwise to $FILE.bak2, $FILE.bak3, etc.
Is there a shell command for this?
Using a function to find the next available name:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
function nextsuffix {
local name="$1.bak"
if [ -e "$name" ]; then
printf "%s" "$name"
else
local -i num=2
while [ -e "$name$num" ]; do
num+=1
done
printf "%s%d" "$name" "$num"
fi
}
mv "$1" "$(nextsuffix "$1")"
If foo.bak already exists, it just loops until a given foo.bakN filename doesn't exist, incrementing N each time.
You can just output to a file with a date.
FILE=~/test
echo "123" >> $FILE.$(date +'%Y%d%m')
If you want the numbers logrotate seems to be most ideal.
cp "$FILE" "$FILE.bak$(( $(grep -Eo '[[:digit:]]+' <(sort -n <(for fil in $FILE.bak*;do echo $fil;done) | tail -1 )) + 1 ))"
Breaking the commands down
sort -n <(for fil in $FILE.bak*;do echo $fil;done) | tail -1
List the last file in the directory which is sorted in numeric form
grep -Eo '[[:digit:]]+' <(sort -n <(for fil in $FILE.bak*;do echo $fil;done) | tail -1 ))
Strip out everything but the digits
(( $(grep -Eo '[[:digit:]]+' <(sort -n <(for fil in $FILE.bak*;do echo $fil;done) | tail -1 )) + 1 ))
Add one to the result
For posterity, my function with changes inspired by #Shawn's answer
backup() {
local file new n=0
local fmt='%s.%(%Y%m%d)T_%02d'
for file; do
while :; do
printf -v new "$fmt" "$file" -1 $((++n))
[[ -e $new ]] || break
done
command cp -vp "$file" "$new"
done
}
I like to cp not mv.
i'm trying to write a code which will print all files taking more than min_size (lets say 10G) in a directory. the problem is output off the below code is all files irrespective of the min_size. i will be getting other details like mtime , owner as well later in the code but this part itself doesnt work fine, whats wrong here ?
#!/bin/sh
if (( $# <3 )); then
echo "$0 dirname min_size count"
exit 1
else
dirname="$1";
min_size="$2";
count="$3";
#shift 3
fi
tmpfile=$(mktemp /lawdump/pulkit/files.XXXXXX)
exec 3> "$tmpfile"
find "${dirname}" -type f -print0 2>&1 | grep -v "Permission denied" | xargs -0 -I {} echo "{}" > "$tmpfile"
for i in `cat tmpfile`
do
x="`du -ah $i | awk '{print $1}' | grep G | sort -nr -k 1`"
size=$(echo $x | sed 's/[A-Za-z]*//g')
if [ size > $min_size ];then
echo $size
fi
done
Note : i know this can be done through find or du but i need to write a shell script to have an email sent out regularly with all the details.
I have five different files and all are in different directory, I want to check matching files and find out the unique files as well.
I am not sure how should I handle this.
You can look to the output of
chksum "path1/file1" "path2/f2" "p3/f3" "p4/f4" "p5/f5" | sort
You can also make a script looping through the files with
files=("path1/file1" "path2/f2" "p3/f3" "p4/f4" "p5/f5")
for i in {0..4}; do
((j=$i+1))
while [ $j -le 4 ]; do
diff "${files[i]}" "${files[j]}" >/dev/null
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
echo "${files[i]} and ${files[j]} are the same."
else
echo "${files[i]} and ${files[j]} are different."
fi
((j++))
done
done
You can use cksum ou md5sum to detect identical files :
find . -type f | while read f; do md5sum "$f"; done > tmp.txt
cat tmp.txt | cut -d" " -f1 | while read c
do n=`grep $c tmp.txt | wc -l`
if [ "$n" != "1" ]; then
grep $c tmp.txt
fi
done | sort -u
I have a number of modules in CVS with different tags. How would I go about getting the name of the branch these tagged files exist on? I've tried checking out a file from the module using cvs co -r TAG and then doing cvs log but it appears to give me a list of all of the branches that the file exists on, rather than just a single branch name.
Also this needs to be an automated process, so I can't use web based tools like viewvc to gather this info.
I have the following Korn functions that you might be able to adjust to run in bash. It should be apparent what it's doing.
Use get_ver() to determine the version number for a file path and given tag. Then pass the file path and version number to get_branch_name(). The get_branch_name() function relies on a few other helpers to fetch information and slice up the version numbers.
get_ver()
{
typeset FILE_PATH=$1
typeset TAG=$2
TEMPINFO=/tmp/cvsinfo$$
/usr/local/bin/cvs rlog -r$TAG $FILE_PATH 1>$TEMPINFO 2>/dev/null
VER_LINE=`grep "^revision" $TEMPINFO | awk '{print $2}'`
echo ${VER_LINE:-NONE}
rm -Rf $TEMPINFO 2>/dev/null 1>&2
}
get_branch_name()
{
typeset FILE=$1
typeset VER=$2
BRANCH_TYPE=`is_branch $VER`
if [[ $BRANCH_TYPE = "BRANCH" ]]
then
BRANCH_ID=`get_branch_id $VER`
BRANCH_NAME=`get_tags $FILE $BRANCH_ID`
echo $BRANCH_NAME
else
echo $BRANCH_TYPE
fi
}
get_minor_ver()
{
typeset VER=$1
END=`echo $VER | sed 's/.*\.\([0-9]*\)/\1/g'`
echo $END
}
get_major_ver()
{
typeset VER=$1
START=`echo $VER | sed 's/\(.*\.\)[0-9]*/\1/g'`
echo $START
}
is_branch()
{
typeset VER=$1
# We can work out if something is branched by looking at the version number.
# If it has only two parts (i.e. 1.123) then it's on the trunk
# If it has more parts (i.e. 1.2.2.4) then it's on the branch
# We can error detect if it has an odd number of parts
POINTS=`echo $VER | tr -dc "." | wc -c | awk '{print $1}'`
PARTS=$(($POINTS + 1))
if [[ $PARTS -eq 2 ]]
then
print "TRUNK"
elif [[ $(($PARTS % 2)) -eq 0 ]]
then
print "BRANCH"
else
print "ERROR"
fi
}
get_branch_id()
{
typeset VER=$1
MAJOR_VER=`get_major_ver $VER`
MAJOR_VER=${MAJOR_VER%.}
BRANCH_NUMBER=`get_minor_ver $MAJOR_VER`
BRANCH_POINT=`get_major_ver $MAJOR_VER`
echo ${BRANCH_POINT}0.${BRANCH_NUMBER}
}
get_tags()
{
typeset FILE_PATH=$1
typeset VER=$2
TEMP_TAGS_INFO=/tmp/cvsinfo$$
cvs rlog -r$VER $FILE_PATH 1>${TEMP_TAGS_INFO} 2>/dev/null
TEMPTAGS=`sed -n '/symbolic names:/,/keyword substitution:/p' ${TEMP_TAGS_INFO} | grep ": ${VER}$" | cut -d: -f1 | awk '{print $1}'`
TAGS=`echo $TEMPTAGS | tr ' ' '/'`
echo ${TAGS:-NONE}
rm -Rf $TEMP_TAGS_INFO 2>/dev/null 1>&2
}