How to pass multiple parameter in hive script - shell

Question

employee:
Table data
I want to fetch records of year=2016 by running hive script sample.hql.
use octdb;
select * from '${hiveconf:table}' where year = '${hiveconf:year}';
[cloudera#quickstart ~]$ hive -hiveconf table='employee', year=2016 -f sample.hql
But i am getting error NoViableAltException(307#[]).......

Answer 1

You need to use the --hiveconf option twice:
hive --hiveconf table=employee --hiveconf year=2016 -f sample.hql

Answer 2

You should use --hivevar instead with newer Hive versions. Earlier, developers were able to set configuration using --hiveconf and it was also used for variables. However, later --hivevar was implemented to have separate namespace for variables as mentioned in HIVE-2020.
Use following with beeline
beeline --hivevar table=employee --hivevar year=2016 -f sample.hql
With this, in the Hive script file you can access this variables directly or using hivevar namespace like below.
select * from ${table};
select * from ${hivevar:table};
Please, note that you may need to specify URL string using -u <db_URL> option.

Answer 3

By doing R&D found the correct answer, ${hiveconf:table} should define in script without ' '.
sample.hql:-
use ${hiveconf:database};
select * from ${hiveconf:table} where year = ${hiveconf:year};
Running sample.hql
[cloudera#quickstart shell]$ hive -hiveconf database=octdb -hiveconf table=employee -hiveconf year=2016 -f sample.hql
Logging initialized using configuration in file:/etc/hive/conf.dist/hive-log4j.properties
OK
Time taken: 1.484 seconds
OK
1 A 2016
2 B 2016
4 D 2016
Time taken: 4.423 seconds, Fetched: 3 row(s)

Answer 4

Passing variables can also be achieved through "hivevar" along with "hiveconf".
Here is the difference:
The hiveconf namespace was added and (--hiveconf) should be used to set Hive configuration values.
The hivevar namespace was added and (--hivevar) should be used to define user variables.
Using hiveconf will also work, but isn't recommended for variable substitution as hivevar is explicitly created for that purpose.
set hivevar:YEAR=2018;
SELECT * from table where year=${YEAR};
hive --hiveconf var='hello world' -e '!echo ${hiveconf:var};'
-- this will print: hello world