I have just discovered that my OSX bash behaves like this when I type
$ cd code/hack/foo/
$ ls # empty directory
$ cd 0
$ pwd
/Users/hrvoje
$ cd -
$ pwd
/code/hack/foo
$ cd 123
$ pwd
/Users/hrvoje
My question is - why does cd 0 or cd 123 change directory to $HOME instead of displaying an error about a missing directory?
EDIT: Here is an output of set -x after running cd 123 with altered PS4.
::::+[[ exec_scmb_expand_args builtin cd 0 != '' ]]
::::+chruby_auto
::auto.sh:chruby_auto:44+local dir=/Users/hrvoje/code/hack/foo/ version
::auto.sh:chruby_auto:44+[[ -z /Users/hrvoje/code/hack/foo/ ]]
::auto.sh:chruby_auto:44+dir=/Users/hrvoje/code/hack/foo
::auto.sh:chruby_auto:44+[[ -n '' ]]
::auto.sh:chruby_auto:44+[[ -z /Users/hrvoje/code/hack/foo ]]
::auto.sh:chruby_auto:44+dir=/Users/hrvoje/code/hack
::auto.sh:chruby_auto:44+[[ -n '' ]]
::auto.sh:chruby_auto:44+[[ -z /Users/hrvoje/code/hack ]]
::auto.sh:chruby_auto:44+dir=/Users/hrvoje/code
::auto.sh:chruby_auto:44+[[ -n '' ]]
::auto.sh:chruby_auto:44+[[ -z /Users/hrvoje/code ]]
::auto.sh:chruby_auto:44+dir=/Users/hrvoje
::auto.sh:chruby_auto:44+[[ -n '' ]]
::auto.sh:chruby_auto:44+[[ -z /Users/hrvoje ]]
::auto.sh:chruby_auto:44+dir=/Users
::auto.sh:chruby_auto:44+[[ -n '' ]]
::auto.sh:chruby_auto:44+[[ -z /Users ]]
::auto.sh:chruby_auto:44+dir=
::auto.sh:chruby_auto:44+[[ -n '' ]]
::auto.sh:chruby_auto:44+[[ -z '' ]]
::auto.sh:chruby_auto:44+[[ -n '' ]]
:::+exec_scmb_expand_args builtin cd 0
::status_shortcuts.sh:exec_scmb_expand_args:44+scmb_expand_args builtin cd 0
::status_shortcuts.sh:scmb_expand_args:0+'[' builtin = --relative ']'
::status_shortcuts.sh:exec_scmb_expand_args:44+sed -e 's/\([][|;()<>^ "'\''&]\)/\\\1/g'
::status_shortcuts.sh:scmb_expand_args:0+first=1
::status_shortcuts.sh:scmb_expand_args:0+OLDIFS='
'
::status_shortcuts.sh:scmb_expand_args:0+IFS=' '
::status_shortcuts.sh:scmb_expand_args:0+for arg in "$#"
::status_shortcuts.sh:scmb_expand_args:0+[[ builtin =~ ^[0-9]{0,4}$ ]]
::status_shortcuts.sh:scmb_expand_args:0+[[ builtin =~ ^[0-9]+-[0-9]+$ ]]
::status_shortcuts.sh:scmb_expand_args:0+'[' 1 -eq 1 ']'
::status_shortcuts.sh:scmb_expand_args:0+first=0
::status_shortcuts.sh:scmb_expand_args:0+printf %s builtin
::status_shortcuts.sh:scmb_expand_args:0+for arg in "$#"
::status_shortcuts.sh:scmb_expand_args:0+[[ cd =~ ^[0-9]{0,4}$ ]]
::status_shortcuts.sh:scmb_expand_args:0+[[ cd =~ ^[0-9]+-[0-9]+$ ]]
::status_shortcuts.sh:scmb_expand_args:0+'[' 0 -eq 1 ']'
::status_shortcuts.sh:scmb_expand_args:0+printf '\t'
::status_shortcuts.sh:scmb_expand_args:0+printf %s cd
::status_shortcuts.sh:scmb_expand_args:0+for arg in "$#"
::status_shortcuts.sh:scmb_expand_args:0+[[ 0 =~ ^[0-9]{0,4}$ ]]
::status_shortcuts.sh:scmb_expand_args:0+'[' 0 -eq 1 ']'
::status_shortcuts.sh:scmb_expand_args:0+printf '\t'
::status_shortcuts.sh:scmb_expand_args:0+'[' -e 0 ']'
::status_shortcuts.sh:scmb_expand_args:0+_print_path '' e0
::status_shortcuts.sh:_print_path:16+'[' '' = 1 ']'
::status_shortcuts.sh:_print_path:16+eval printf %s '"$e0"'
:::status_shortcuts.sh:_print_path:16+printf %s ''
::status_shortcuts.sh:scmb_expand_args:0+IFS='
'
:status_shortcuts.sh:exec_scmb_expand_args:44+eval 'builtin cd '
::status_shortcuts.sh:exec_scmb_expand_args:44+builtin cd
::::+is_on_git
::.sexy_prompt:is_on_git:1+git rev-parse
::::+parse_git_branch
::repo_index.sh:parse_git_branch:1+/usr/local/bin/git branch --no-color
::repo_index.sh:parse_git_branch:1+sed -e '/^[^*]/d' -e 's/* \(.*\)/\1/'
You've installed a tool called scm_breeze, which customizes how your shell behaves.
This tool supports "numbered shortcuts", and is trying to expand your value as such; the relevant code is here.
Since there is no shortcut 0 defined (which is to say, no variable named e0), the result is an empty value -- and cd with no arguments changes to the home directory.
Related
I want to give my variable in bash script a default value.
Here is the script :
unamestr=`uname`
if [[ "$unamestr" == 'Linux' ]] || [[ "$unamestr" == 'Darwin' ]]; then
DEFAULT_LOCATION="/home/$USER/.kaggle/competitions/$1"
elif [[ "$unamestr" == 'CYGWIN' ]] || [[ "$unamestr" == 'MINGW' ]]; then
DEFAULT_LOCATION="C:\\Users\\$USER\\.kaggle\\competitions\\$1"
fi
kaggle competitions download -c $1
KAGGLE_LOCATION=${2:-DEFAULT_LOCATION}
mv KAGGLE_LOCATION .
mkdir data
mv $1/*.zip data/
mv $1/*.csv data/
cd data/
unzip *.zip
rm *.zip
When I do echo $DEFAULT_LOCATION, the correct value comes up. But when I do $KAGGLE_LOCATION and dont enter any cmd argument, I get DEFAULT_LOCATION as output instead of the actual value. What is wrong with my code?
PS: I have never used a Mac, so I am not sure if location is same for unix as Mac. If its different, please comment.
You are not expanding the variable, try expanding the variable like "$KAGGLE_LOCATION"
unamestr=`uname`
if [[ "$unamestr" == 'Linux' ]] || [[ "$unamestr" == 'Darwin' ]]; then
DEFAULT_LOCATION="/home/$USER/.kaggle/competitions/$1"
elif [[ "$unamestr" == 'CYGWIN' ]] || [[ "$unamestr" == 'MINGW' ]];then
DEFAULT_LOCATION="C:\\Users\\$USER\\.kaggle\\competitions\\$1"
fi
kaggle competitions download -c $1
KAGGLE_LOCATION=${2:-DEFAULT_LOCATION}
mv "$KAGGLE_LOCATION" .
mkdir data
mv $1/*.zip data/
mv $1/*.csv data/
cd data/
unzip *.zip
rm *.zip
I reinstalled my computer running macOS Sierra and also reinstalled oh-my-zsh. I copied over my old zshrc, which was working fine (and is still working fine on another computer).
However, every start of the zsh, the following output emerges, before the shell starts up:
bracketed-paste-magic () {
# undefined
builtin autoload -XUz
}
colors () {
emulate -L zsh
typeset -Ag color colour
color=(00 none 01 bold 02 faint 22 normal 03 standout 23 no-standout 04 underline 24 no-underline 05 blink 25 no-blink 07 reverse 27 no-reverse 08 conceal 28 no-conceal 30 black 40 bg-black 31 red 41 bg-red 32 green 42 bg-green 33 yellow 43 bg-yellow 34 blue 44 bg-blue 35 magenta 45 bg-magenta 36 cyan 46 bg-cyan 37 white 47 bg-white 39 default 49 bg-default)
local k
for k in ${(k)color}
do
color[${color[$k]}]=$k
done
for k in ${color[(I)3?]}
do
color[fg-${color[$k]}]=$k
done
color[grey]=${color[black]}
color[fg-grey]=${color[grey]}
color[bg-grey]=${color[bg-black]}
colour=(${(kv)color})
local lc=$'\e[' rc=m
typeset -Hg reset_color bold_color
reset_color="$lc${color[none]}$rc"
bold_color="$lc${color[bold]}$rc"
typeset -AHg fg fg_bold fg_no_bold
for k in ${(k)color[(I)fg-*]}
do
fg[${k#fg-}]="$lc${color[$k]}$rc"
fg_bold[${k#fg-}]="$lc${color[bold]};${color[$k]}$rc"
fg_no_bold[${k#fg-}]="$lc${color[normal]};${color[$k]}$rc"
done
typeset -AHg bg bg_bold bg_no_bold
for k in ${(k)color[(I)bg-*]}
do
bg[${k#bg-}]="$lc${color[$k]}$rc"
bg_bold[${k#bg-}]="$lc${color[bold]};${color[$k]}$rc"
bg_no_bold[${k#bg-}]="$lc${color[normal]};${color[$k]}$rc"
done
}
compdump () {
# undefined
builtin autoload -XUz
}
compinit () {
emulate -L zsh
setopt extendedglob
typeset _i_dumpfile _i_files _i_line _i_done _i_dir _i_autodump=1
typeset _i_tag _i_file _i_addfiles _i_fail=ask _i_check=yes _i_name
while [[ $# -gt 0 && $1 = -[dDiuC] ]]
do
case "$1" in
(-d) _i_autodump=1
shift
if [[ $# -gt 0 && "$1" != -[dfQC] ]]
then
_i_dumpfile="$1"
shift
fi ;;
(-D) _i_autodump=0
shift ;;
(-i) _i_fail=ign
shift ;;
(-u) _i_fail=use
shift ;;
(-C) _i_check=
shift ;;
esac
done
typeset -gHA _comps _services _patcomps _postpatcomps
typeset -gHA _compautos
typeset -gHA _lastcomp
if [[ -n $_i_dumpfile ]]
then
typeset -g _comp_dumpfile="$_i_dumpfile"
else
typeset -g _comp_dumpfile="${ZDOTDIR:-$HOME}/.zcompdump"
fi
typeset -gHa _comp_options
_comp_options=(bareglobqual extendedglob glob multibyte multifuncdef nullglob rcexpandparam unset NO_allexport NO_aliases NO_cshnullglob NO_cshjunkiequotes NO_errexit NO_globassign NO_globsubst NO_histsubstpattern NO_ignorebraces NO_ignoreclosebraces NO_kshglob NO_ksharrays NO_kshtypeset NO_markdirs NO_octalzeroes NO_posixbuiltins NO_shwordsplit NO_shglob NO_warncreateglobal)
typeset -gH _comp_setup='local -A _comp_caller_options;
_comp_caller_options=(${(kv)options[#]});
setopt localoptions localtraps localpatterns ${_comp_options[#]};
local IFS=$'\'\ \\t\\r\\n\\0\'';
builtin enable -p \| \~ \( \? \* \[ \< \^ \# 2>/dev/null;
exec </dev/null;
trap - ZERR;
local -a reply;
local REPLY'
typeset -ga compprefuncs comppostfuncs
compprefuncs=()
comppostfuncs=()
: $funcstack
compdef () {
local opt autol type func delete eval new i ret=0 cmd svc
local -a match mbegin mend
emulate -L zsh
setopt extendedglob
if (( ! $# ))
then
print -u2 "$0: I need arguments"
return 1
fi
while getopts "anpPkKde" opt
do
case "$opt" in
(a) autol=yes ;;
(n) new=yes ;;
([pPkK]) if [[ -n "$type" ]]
then
print -u2 "$0: type already set to $type"
return 1
fi
if [[ "$opt" = p ]]
then
type=pattern
elif [[ "$opt" = P ]]
then
type=postpattern
elif [[ "$opt" = K ]]
then
type=widgetkey
else
type=key
fi ;;
(d) delete=yes ;;
(e) eval=yes ;;
esac
done
shift OPTIND-1
if (( ! $# ))
then
print -u2 "$0: I need arguments"
return 1
fi
if [[ -z "$delete" ]]
then
if [[ -z "$eval" ]] && [[ "$1" = *\=* ]]
then
while (( $# ))
do
if [[ "$1" = *\=* ]]
then
cmd="${1%%\=*}"
svc="${1#*\=}"
func="$_comps[${_services[(r)$svc]:-$svc}]"
[[ -n ${_services[$svc]} ]] && svc=${_services[$svc]}
[[ -z "$func" ]] && func="${${_patcomps[(K)$svc][1]}:-${_postpatcomps[(K)$svc][1]}}"
if [[ -n "$func" ]]
then
_comps[$cmd]="$func"
_services[$cmd]="$svc"
else
print -u2 "$0: unknown command or service: $svc"
ret=1
fi
else
print -u2 "$0: invalid argument: $1"
ret=1
fi
shift
done
return ret
fi
func="$1"
[[ -n "$autol" ]] && autoload -Uz "$func"
shift
case "$type" in
(widgetkey) while [[ -n $1 ]]
do
if [[ $# -lt 3 ]]
then
print -u2 "$0: compdef -K requires <widget> <comp-widget> <key>"
return 1
fi
[[ $1 = _* ]] || 1="_$1"
[[ $2 = .* ]] || 2=".$2"
[[ $2 = .menu-select ]] && zmodload -i zsh/complist
zle -C "$1" "$2" "$func"
if [[ -n $new ]]
then
bindkey "$3" | IFS=$' \t' read -A opt
[[ $opt[-1] = undefined-key ]] && bindkey "$3" "$1"
else
bindkey "$3" "$1"
fi
shift 3
done ;;
(key) if [[ $# -lt 2 ]]
then
print -u2 "$0: missing keys"
return 1
fi
if [[ $1 = .* ]]
then
[[ $1 = .menu-select ]] && zmodload -i zsh/complist
zle -C "$func" "$1" "$func"
else
[[ $1 = menu-select ]] && zmodload -i zsh/complist
zle -C "$func" ".$1" "$func"
fi
shift
for i
do
if [[ -n $new ]]
then
bindkey "$i" | IFS=$' \t' read -A opt
[[ $opt[-1] = undefined-key ]] || continue
fi
bindkey "$i" "$func"
done ;;
(*) while (( $# ))
do
if [[ "$1" = -N ]]
then
type=normal
elif [[ "$1" = -p ]]
then
type=pattern
elif [[ "$1" = -P ]]
then
type=postpattern
else
case "$type" in
(pattern) if [[ $1 = (#b)(*)=(*) ]]
then
_patcomps[$match[1]]="=$match[2]=$func"
else
_patcomps[$1]="$func"
fi ;;
(postpattern) if [[ $1 = (#b)(*)=(*) ]]
then
_postpatcomps[$match[1]]="=$match[2]=$func"
else
_postpatcomps[$1]="$func"
fi ;;
(*) if [[ "$1" = *\=* ]]
then
cmd="${1%%\=*}"
svc=yes
else
cmd="$1"
svc=
fi
if [[ -z "$new" || -z "${_comps[$1]}" ]]
then
_comps[$cmd]="$func"
[[ -n "$svc" ]] && _services[$cmd]="${1#*\=}"
fi ;;
esac
fi
shift
done ;;
esac
else
case "$type" in
(pattern) unset "_patcomps[$^#]" ;;
(postpattern) unset "_postpatcomps[$^#]" ;;
(key) print -u2 "$0: cannot restore key bindings"
return 1 ;;
(*) unset "_comps[$^#]" ;;
esac
fi
}
typeset _i_wdirs _i_wfiles
_i_wdirs=()
_i_wfiles=()
autoload -Uz compaudit
if [[ -n "$_i_check" ]]
then
typeset _i_q
if ! eval compaudit
then
if [[ -n "$_i_q" ]]
then
if [[ "$_i_fail" = ask ]]
then
if ! read -q "?zsh compinit: insecure $_i_q, run compaudit for list.
Ignore insecure $_i_q and continue [y] or abort compinit [n]? "
then
print -u2 "$0: initialization aborted"
unfunction compinit compdef
unset _comp_dumpfile _comp_secure compprefuncs comppostfuncs _comps _patcomps _postpatcomps _compautos _lastcomp
return 1
fi
_i_wfiles=()
_i_wdirs=()
else
(( $#_i_wfiles )) && _i_files=("${(#)_i_files:#(${(j:|:)_i_wfiles%.zwc})}")
(( $#_i_wdirs )) && _i_files=("${(#)_i_files:#(${(j:|:)_i_wdirs%.zwc})/*}")
fi
fi
typeset -g _comp_secure=yes
fi
fi
autoload -Uz compdump compinstall
_i_done=''
if [[ -f "$_comp_dumpfile" ]]
then
if [[ -n "$_i_check" ]]
then
IFS=$' \t' read -rA _i_line < "$_comp_dumpfile"
if [[ _i_autodump -eq 1 && $_i_line[2] -eq $#_i_files && $ZSH_VERSION = $_i_line[4] ]]
then
builtin . "$_comp_dumpfile"
_i_done=yes
fi
else
builtin . "$_comp_dumpfile"
_i_done=yes
fi
fi
if [[ -z "$_i_done" ]]
then
typeset -A _i_test
for _i_dir in $fpath
do
[[ $_i_dir = . ]] && continue
(( $_i_wdirs[(I)$_i_dir] )) && continue
for _i_file in $_i_dir/^([^_]*|*~|*.zwc)(N)
do
_i_name="${_i_file:t}"
(( $+_i_test[$_i_name] + $_i_wfiles[(I)$_i_file] )) && continue
_i_test[$_i_name]=yes
IFS=$' \t' read -rA _i_line < $_i_file
_i_tag=$_i_line[1]
shift _i_line
case $_i_tag in
(\#compdef) if [[ $_i_line[1] = -[pPkK](n|) ]]
then
compdef ${_i_line[1]}na "${_i_name}" "${(#)_i_line[2,-1]}"
else
compdef -na "${_i_name}" "${_i_line[#]}"
fi ;;
(\#autoload) autoload -Uz "$_i_line[#]" ${_i_name}
[[ "$_i_line" != \ # ]] && _compautos[${_i_name}]="$_i_line" ;;
esac
done
done
if [[ $_i_autodump = 1 ]]
then
compdump
fi
fi
for _i_line in complete-word delete-char-or-list expand-or-complete expand-or-complete-prefix list-choices menu-complete menu-expand-or-complete reverse-menu-complete
do
zle -C $_i_line .$_i_line _main_complete
done
zle -la menu-select && zle -C menu-select .menu-select _main_complete
bindkey '^i' | IFS=$' \t' read -A _i_line
if [[ ${_i_line[2]} = expand-or-complete ]] && zstyle -a ':completion:' completer _i_line && (( ${_i_line[(i)_expand]} <= ${#_i_line} ))
then
bindkey '^i' complete-word
fi
unfunction compinit compaudit
autoload -Uz compinit compaudit
return 0
}
compinstall () {
# undefined
builtin autoload -XUz
}
down-line-or-beginning-search () {
# undefined
builtin autoload -XU
}
edit-command-line () {
# undefined
builtin autoload -XU
}
is-at-least () {
emulate -L zsh
local IFS=".-" min_cnt=0 ver_cnt=0 part min_ver version order
min_ver=(${=1})
version=(${=2:-$ZSH_VERSION} 0)
while (( $min_cnt <= ${#min_ver} ))
do
while [[ "$part" != <-> ]]
do
(( ++ver_cnt > ${#version} )) && return 0
if [[ ${version[ver_cnt]} = *[0-9][^0-9]* ]]
then
order=(${version[ver_cnt]} ${min_ver[ver_cnt]})
if [[ ${version[ver_cnt]} = <->* ]]
then
[[ $order != ${${(On)order}} ]] && return 1
else
[[ $order != ${${(O)order}} ]] && return 1
fi
[[ $order[1] != $order[2] ]] && return 0
fi
part=${version[ver_cnt]##*[^0-9]}
done
while true
do
(( ++min_cnt > ${#min_ver} )) && return 0
[[ ${min_ver[min_cnt]} = <-> ]] && break
done
(( part > min_ver[min_cnt] )) && return 0
(( part < min_ver[min_cnt] )) && return 1
part=''
done
}
up-line-or-beginning-search () {
# undefined
builtin autoload -XU
}
url-quote-magic () {
# undefined
builtin autoload -XUz
}
It seems some kind of script is written to stdout, instead of executed. However, I cannot find what the problem is. It might have something to do with completion, as the completion is not working.
Does anyone has any suggestion what the problem might be or where I should look next?
I was facing the same issue.
Re-installing Homebrew fixed the problem.
You have to change the default shell to zsh.
chsh -s /bin/zsh
I'm seeing this every time I open terminal, after a RVM installation:
Last login: Tue Dec 2 10:35:44 on ttys000
rvm_debug () {
(( ${rvm_debug_flag:-0} )) || return 0
if rvm_pretty_print stderr
then
printf "%b" "${rvm_debug_clr:-}$*${rvm_reset_clr:-}\n"
else
printf "%b" "$*\n"
fi >&2
}
This is my bash_profile:
[10:54:13] old_ian :: Ians-MacBook-Pro-2 ➜ ~ ⭑ cat .bash_profile
export PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin
export SSL_CERT_FILE=/usr/local/etc/cacert.pem
export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:$PATH
### Added by the Heroku Toolbelt
export PATH="/usr/local/heroku/bin:$PATH"
### RVM
source $HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm
PATH="/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/bin:$PATH"
alias bex="bundle exec"
alias grep="grep --color=auto"
alias vi=vim
alias postgres="pg_ctl -D /usr/local/var/postgres -l /usr/local/var/postgres/server.log"
[10:54:19] old_ian :: Ians-MacBook-Pro-2 ➜ ~ ⭑
Maybe something went wrong with it's install ?
I've been using it with no problems.
UPDATES:
Posting cat RVM
#!/usr/bin/env bash
# rvm : Ruby enVironment Manager
# https://rvm.io
# https://github.com/wayneeseguin/rvm
# partial duplication marker dkjnkjvnckbjncvbkjnvkj
# prevent from loading in sh shells
if
\command \test -n "${BASH_VERSION:-}" -o -n "${ZSH_VERSION:-}"
then
case "`uname`" in
(CYGWIN*) __shell_name="`\command \ps -p $$ | \command \awk 'END {print $NF}'` 2>/dev/null" ;;
(*) __shell_name="`\command \ps -p $$ -o comm=`" ;;
esac
case "$__shell_name" in
(""|dash|sh|*/dash|*/sh) return 0 ;; # silently stop in sh shells
esac
unset __shell_name
else
return 0
fi
# also duplicated in scripts/base
__rvm_has_opt()
{
{
# pre-gnu
[[ -n "${ZSH_VERSION}" ]] && setopt | GREP_OPTIONS="" \command \grep "^${1}$" >/dev/null 2>&1
} ||
{
[[ -n "${BASH_VERSION}" ]] && [[ ":$SHELLOPTS:" =~ ":${1}:" ]]
} ||
return 1
}
# Do not allow sourcing RVM in `sh` - it's not supported
# return 0 to exit from sourcing this script without breaking sh
if __rvm_has_opt "posix"
then return 0
fi
# TODO: Alter the variable names to make sense
\export HOME rvm_prefix rvm_user_install_flag rvm_path
HOME="${HOME%%+(\/)}" # Remove trailing slashes if they exist on HOME
[[ -n "${rvm_stored_umask:-}" ]] || export rvm_stored_umask=$(umask)
if (( ${rvm_ignore_rvmrc:=0} == 0 ))
then
rvm_rvmrc_files=("/etc/rvmrc" "$HOME/.rvmrc")
if [[ -n "${rvm_prefix:-}" ]] && ! [[ "$HOME/.rvmrc" -ef "${rvm_prefix}/.rvmrc" ]]
then rvm_rvmrc_files+=( "${rvm_prefix}/.rvmrc" )
fi
for rvmrc in "${rvm_rvmrc_files[#]}"
do
if [[ -f "$rvmrc" ]]
then
# pre-gnu
if GREP_OPTIONS="" \command \grep '^\s*rvm .*$' "$rvmrc" >/dev/null 2>&1
then
printf "%b" "
Error:
$rvmrc is for rvm settings only.
rvm CLI may NOT be called from within $rvmrc.
Skipping the loading of $rvmrc"
return 1
else
source "$rvmrc"
fi
fi
done
unset rvm_rvmrc_files
fi
# duplication marker jdgkjnfnkjdngjkfnd4fd
# detect rvm_path if not set
if [[ -z "${rvm_path:-}" ]]
then
if [[ -n "${BASH_SOURCE:-$_}" && -f "${BASH_SOURCE:-$_}" ]]
then
rvm_path="${BASH_SOURCE:-$_}"
rvm_path="$( \command \cd "${rvm_path%/scripts/rvm}">/dev/null; pwd )"
rvm_prefix=$( dirname $rvm_path )
elif (( UID == 0 ))
then
if (( ${rvm_user_install_flag:-0} == 0 ))
then
rvm_prefix="/usr/local"
rvm_path="${rvm_prefix}/rvm"
else
rvm_prefix="$HOME"
rvm_path="${rvm_prefix}/.rvm"
fi
else
if [[ -d "$HOME/.rvm" && -s "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" ]]
then
rvm_prefix="$HOME"
rvm_path="${rvm_prefix}/.rvm"
else
rvm_prefix="/usr/local"
rvm_path="${rvm_prefix}/rvm"
fi
fi
else
# remove trailing slashes, btw. %%/ <- does not work as expected
rvm_path="${rvm_path%%+(\/)}"
fi
# guess rvm_prefix if not set
if [[ -z "${rvm_prefix}" ]]
then
rvm_prefix=$( dirname $rvm_path )
fi
# duplication marker kkdfkgnjfndgjkndfjkgnkfjdgn
case "$rvm_path" in
(/usr/local/rvm) rvm_user_install_flag=0 ;;
($HOME/*|/${USER// /_}*) rvm_user_install_flag=1 ;;
(*) rvm_user_install_flag=0 ;;
esac
export rvm_loaded_flag
if [[ -n "${BASH_VERSION:-}" || -n "${ZSH_VERSION:-}" ]] &&
typeset -f rvm >/dev/null 2>&1
then
rvm_loaded_flag=1
else
rvm_loaded_flag=0
fi
if
(( ${rvm_loaded_flag:=0} == 0 )) || (( ${rvm_reload_flag:=0} == 1 ))
then
if
[[ -n "${rvm_path}" && -d "$rvm_path" ]]
then
true ${rvm_scripts_path:="$rvm_path/scripts"}
if
[[ ! -f "$rvm_scripts_path/base" ]]
then
printf "%b" "WARNING:
Could not source '$rvm_scripts_path/base' as file does not exist.
RVM will likely not work as expected.\n"
elif
! source "$rvm_scripts_path/base"
then
printf "%b" "WARNING:
Errors sourcing '$rvm_scripts_path/base'.
RVM will likely not work as expected.\n"
else
__rvm_ensure_is_a_function
__rvm_setup
export rvm_version
rvm_version="$(\command \cat "$rvm_path/VERSION") ($(\command \cat "$rvm_path/RELEASE" 2>/dev/null))"
alias rvm-restart="rvm_reload_flag=1 source '${rvm_scripts_path:-${rvm_path}/scripts}/rvm'"
# Try to load RVM ruby if none loaded yet
__path_to_ruby="$( builtin command -v ruby 2>/dev/null || true )"
if
[[ -z "${__path_to_ruby}" ]] ||
[[ "${__path_to_ruby}" != "${rvm_path}"* ]] ||
[[ "${__path_to_ruby}" == "${rvm_path}/bin/ruby" ]]
then
if [[ -s "$rvm_path/environments/default" ]]
then source "$rvm_path/environments/default"
fi
if
[[ ${rvm_project_rvmrc:-1} -gt 0 ]] &&
! __function_on_stack __rvm_project_rvmrc
then
# Reload the rvmrc, use promptless ensuring shell processes does not
# prompt if .rvmrc trust value is not stored, revert to default on fail
if
rvm_current_rvmrc=""
rvm_project_rvmrc_default=2 rvm_promptless=1 __rvm_project_rvmrc
then
rvm_hook=after_cd
source "${rvm_scripts_path:-${rvm_path}/scripts}/hook"
fi
fi
fi
unset __path_to_ruby
# Makes sure rvm_bin_path is in PATH atleast once.
[[ ":${PATH}:" == *":${rvm_bin_path}:"* ]] || PATH="$PATH:${rvm_bin_path}"
if
(( ${rvm_reload_flag:=0} == 1 ))
then
[[ "${rvm_auto_reload_flag:-0}" == 2 ]] || printf "%b" 'RVM reloaded!\n'
# make sure we clean env on reload
__rvm_env_loaded=1
unset __rvm_project_rvmrc_lock
fi
rvm_loaded_flag=1
__rvm_teardown
fi
else
printf "%b" "\n\$rvm_path ($rvm_path) does not exist."
fi
unset rvm_prefix_needs_trailing_slash rvm_gems_cache_path rvm_gems_path rvm_project_rvmrc_default rvm_gemset_separator rvm_reload_flag
fi
Hope this Helps!
I've bumped into a Nagios check script which has been written by someone who already left my company and there's an operator there which I can't understand it's use.
This is the relevant part from the shell script:
if [[ "$URL" =~ $ACTIVE ]] && [[ "$URL2" =~ $ACTIVE2 ]]; then
echo "OK: $HOST is ACTIVE in the Load Balancer"
exit 0
My question is:
What is this =~?
I've checked about it in the internet and found that it's a bitwise which "Flips the bits in the operand", but I don't understand where and how to use it, can you please elaborate?
Edit #1:
This is the full script:
#!/bin/bash
#Purpose: Checks if proxy is active in the LB
#Date: May 09, 2011
#Variables
HOST=$1
URL=`wget --timeout=60 -w 3 -qO- http://$HOST:8080/proxy/keepalive?file=/workspace/temp/1`
URL2=`wget --timeout=60 -w 3 -qO- http://$HOST:8080/proxy/keepalive?file=/workspace/temp/1.txt`
ACTIVE="1"
ACTIVE2="ppp"
LOG="/tmp/PROXY-LB.log"
#Begin Code
if [ -z $HOST ]; then
echo "You must specify IPADDRESS (e.g. 68.67.174.34)"
exit 3
fi
if [[ "$URL" =~ $ACTIVE ]] && [[ "$URL2" =~ $ACTIVE2 ]]; then
echo "OK: $HOST is ACTIVE in the Load Balancer"
exit 0
else
echo "*** Problem: $HOST is out from the Load Balancer"
echo "`date`: *** HOST $HOST is out from the Load Balancer" >> $LOG 2>&1
exit 2
fi
#END
My question is, couldn't the coder use this (without the ~) instead?
if [[ "$URL" = $ACTIVE ]] && [[ "$URL2" = $ACTIVE2 ]]; then
Edit #2:
Here are some examples I tried:
$ d="hello"
$ [[ "$d" =~ *ll* ]] && echo "yes"
$ [[ "$d" =~ he* ]] && echo "yes"
yes
$ [[ "$d" =~ *lo ]] && echo "yes"
$
Edit #3:
Okay, I've done some more tests and I believe I understand it now:
$ [[ "$d" =~ he* ]] && echo "yes"
yes
$ [[ "$d" =~ *lo ]] && echo "yes"
$ [[ "$d" =~ h* ]] && echo "yes"
yes
$ [[ "$d" =~ lo$ ]] && echo "yes"
yes
$ [[ "$d" =~ ^he ]] && echo "yes"
yes
$ [[ "$d" =~ [a-z]ll[a-z] ]] && echo "yes"
yes
$
Thank you all for your help and information!
It is used to perform comparisons in strings.
if [[ "$URL" =~ $ACTIVE ]] && [[ "$URL2" =~ $ACTIVE2 ]]; then
Checks if $URL contains the content of the variable $ACTIVE and if $URL2 contains the content of the variable $ACTIVE2.
See a test:
$ d="hello"
$ [[ "$d" =~ he* ]] && echo "yes"
yes
$ [[ "$d" =~ *ba* ]] && echo "yes"
$
$ [[ $d =~ .*ll.* ]] && echo "yes"
yes
In the last one you have to indicate the regex properly. It is equivalent to using == and just *ll*.
$ [[ $d == *ll* ]] && echo "yes"
yes
From man bash -> 3.2.4.2 Conditional Constructs:
An additional binary operator, =~, is available, with the same
precedence as == and !=. When it is used, the string to the
right of the operator is considered an extended regular expression and
matched accordingly (as in regex(3)). The return value is 0 if the
string matches the pattern, and 1 otherwise. If the regular
expression is syntactically incorrect, the conditional expression's
return value is 2.
Often when writing for the bash shell, one needs to test if a file (or Directory) exists (or doesn't exist) and take appropriate action. Most common amongst these test are...
-e - file exists, -f - file is a regular file (not a directory or device file), -s - file is not zero size, -d - file is a directory, -r - file has read permission, -w - file has write, or -x execute permission (for the user running the test)
This is easily confirmed as demonstrated on this user-writable directory....
#/bin/bash
if [ -f "/Library/Application Support" ]; then
echo 'YES SIR -f is fine'
else echo 'no -f for you'
fi
if [ -w "/Library/Application Support" ]; then
echo 'YES SIR -w is fine'
else echo 'no -w for you'
fi
if [ -d "/Library/Application Support" ]; then
echo 'YES SIR -d is fine'
else echo 'no -d for you'
fi
➝ no -f for you ✓
➝ YES SIR -w is fine ✓
➝ YES SIR -d is fine ✓
My question, although seemingly obvious, and unlikely to be impossible - is how to simply combine these tests, without having to perform them separately for each condition... Unfortunately...
if [ -wd "/Library/Application Support" ]
▶ -wd: unary operator expected
if [ -w | -d "/Library/Application Support" ]
▶ [: missing `]'
▶ -d: command not found
if [ -w [ -d "/Library.... ]] & if [ -w && -d "/Library.... ]
▶ [: missing `]'
➝ no -wd for you ✖
➝ no -w | -d for you ✖
➝ no [ -w [ -d .. ]] for you ✖
➝ no -w && -d for you ✖
What am I missing here?
You can use logical operators to multiple conditions, e.g. -a for AND:
MYFILE=/tmp/data.bin
if [ -f "$MYFILE" -a -r "$MYFILE" -a -w "$MYFILE" ]; then
#do stuff
fi
unset MYFILE
Of course, you need to use AND somehow as Kerrek(+1) and Ben(+1) pointed it out. You can do in in few different ways. Here is an ala-microbenchmark results for few methods:
Most portable and readable way:
$ time for i in $(seq 100000); do [ 1 = 1 ] && [ 2 = 2 ] && [ 3 = 3 ]; done
real 0m2.583s
still portable, less readable, faster:
$ time for i in $(seq 100000); do [ 1 = 1 -a 2 = 2 -a 3 = 3 ]; done
real 0m1.681s
bashism, but readable and faster
$ time for i in $(seq 100000); do [[ 1 = 1 ]] && [[ 2 = 2 ]] && [[ 3 = 3 ]]; done
real 0m1.285s
bashism, but quite readable, and fastest.
$ time for i in $(seq 100000); do [[ 1 = 1 && 2 = 2 && 3 = 3 ]]; done
real 0m0.934s
Note, that in bash, "[" is a builtin, so bash is using internal command not a symlink to /usr/bin/test exacutable. The "[[" is a bash keyword. So the slowest possible way will be:
time for i in $(seq 100000); do /usr/bin/\[ 1 = 1 ] && /usr/bin/\[ 2 = 2 ] && /usr/bin/\[ 3 = 3 ]; done
real 14m8.678s
You want -a as in -f foo -a -d foo (actually that test would be false, but you get the idea).
You were close with & you just needed && as in [ -f foo ] && [ -d foo ] although that runs multiple commands rather than one.
Here is a manual page for test which is the command that [ is a link to. Modern implementations of test have a lot more features (along with the shell-builtin version [[ which is documented in your shell's manpage).
check-file(){
while [[ ${#} -gt 0 ]]; do
case $1 in
fxrsw) [[ -f "$2" && -x "$2" && -r "$2" && -s "$2" && -w "$2" ]] || return 1 ;;
fxrs) [[ -f "$2" && -x "$2" && -r "$2" && -s "$2" ]] || return 1 ;;
fxr) [[ -f "$2" && -x "$2" && -r "$2" ]] || return 1 ;;
fr) [[ -f "$2" && -r "$2" ]] || return 1 ;;
fx) [[ -f "$2" && -x "$2" ]] || return 1 ;;
fe) [[ -f "$2" && -e "$2" ]] || return 1 ;;
hf) [[ -h "$2" && -f "$2" ]] || return 1 ;;
*) [[ -e "$1" ]] || return 1 ;;
esac
shift
done
}
check-file fxr "/path/file" && echo "is valid"
check-file hf "/path/folder/symlink" || { echo "Fatal error cant validate symlink"; exit 1; }
check-file fe "file.txt" || touch "file.txt" && ln -s "${HOME}/file.txt" "/docs/file.txt" && check-file hf "/docs/file.txt" || exit 1
if check-file fxrsw "${HOME}"; then
echo "Your home is your home from the looks of it."
else
echo "You infected your own home."
fi
Why not write a function to do it?
check_file () {
local FLAGS=$1
local PATH=$2
if [ -z "$PATH" ] ; then
if [ -z "$FLAGS" ] ; then
echo "check_file: must specify at least a path" >&2
exit 1
fi
PATH=$FLAGS
FLAGS=-e
fi
FLAGS=${FLAGS#-}
while [ -n "$FLAGS" ] ; do
local FLAG=`printf "%c" "$FLAGS"`
if [ ! -$FLAG $PATH ] ; then false; return; fi
FLAGS=${FLAGS#?}
done
true
}
Then just use it like:
for path in / /etc /etc/passwd /bin/bash
{
if check_file -dx $path ; then
echo "$path is a directory and executable"
else
echo "$path is not a directory or not executable"
fi
}
And you should get:
/ is a directory and executable
/etc is a directory and executable
/etc/passwd is not a directory or not executable
/bin/bash is not a directory or not executable
This seems to work (notice the double brackets):
#!/bin/bash
if [[ -fwd "/Library/Application Support" ]]
then
echo 'YES SIR -f -w -d are fine'
else
echo 'no -f or -w or -d for you'
fi