Whenever I try to use any array parameters I'm getting the memset() error. Also, I cant use sprintf() statement even after including standard libraries, what are the parameters should I include in the makefile to link or fix this memset() and sprintf() reference error.
memset() error full code with lpc214x linker file
My target board is LPC2148(arm7-TDMA based)
here is the Makefile
ARMGNU ?= arm-none-eabi
COPS = -Wall -nostdlib -nostartfiles -ffreestanding
all : main.hex main.bin main.elf
clean :
rm -f *.o
rm -f *.bin
rm -f *.hex
rm -f *.elf
crt0.o : crt0.S
$(ARMGNU)-gcc -c crt0.S
main.o : main.c
$(ARMGNU)-gcc $(COPS) -c main.c -o main.o
main.elf : lpc2148.ld crt0.o main.o
$(ARMGNU)-ld crt0.o main.o -T lpc2148.ld -o main.elf
main.bin : main.elf
$(ARMGNU)-objcopy main.elf -O binary main.bin
main.hex : main.elf
$(ARMGNU)-objcopy main.elf -O ihex main.hex
The issue is that you are using arm-none-eabi-ld during linking operation which is unable to link to standard libgcc for the target processor.
Please modify the Makefile and use arm-none-eabi-gcc to link your various object files.
As, you are using a custom startup file you also need to pass -nostartfiles option to linker.
The modified Makefile is below:
all : main.hex main.bin main.elf
clean :
rm -f *.o
rm -f *.bin
rm -f *.hex
rm -f *.elf
crt0.o : crt0.S
$(ARMGNU)-gcc -c crt0.S
main.o : main.c
$(ARMGNU)-gcc $(COPS) -c main.c -o main.o
main.elf : lpc2148.ld crt0.o main.o
$(ARMGNU)-gcc crt0.o main.o -T lpc2148.ld -o main.elf -nostartfiles
main.bin : main.elf
$(ARMGNU)-objcopy main.elf -O binary main.bin
main.hex : main.elf
$(ARMGNU)-objcopy main.elf -O ihex main.hex
Related
I want to add -std=c++11 to my makefile but I do not Where to add, here is my code:
hw07: test.o functions.o
g++ test.o functions.o -o hw07
test.o: test.cpp headerfile.h
g++ -c test.cpp
functions.o: functions.cpp headerfile.h
g++ -c functions.cpp
clean:
rm *.o hw07
in the above code where should I add the stdc++11 code, please help me out about...
Instead of spelling out all of the rules and all of the commands, use variables and implicit rules to build your program:
CXXFLAGS = -std=c++11
hw07: test.o functions.o
test.o: test.cpp headerfile.h
functions.o: functions.cpp headerfile.h
clean:
rm *.o hw07
This will have make build the object files using $(CXXFLAGS) as the options to pass to the compiler. Then make will build the program hw07 using the files listed in its dependencies.
Other flags that are good to have when compiling the source files are -Wall and -Wextra. Those enable more warning messages from the compiler, that in almost all cases point out suspect things that could lead to problems.
You can just add -std=c++11 after each g++:
hw07: test.o functions.o
g++ -std=c+++11 test.o functions.o -o hw07
test.o: test.cpp headerfile.h
g++ -std=c+++11 -c test.cpp
functions.o: functions.cpp headerfile.h
g++ -std=c+++11 -c functions.cpp
clean:
rm *.o hw07
Also you can use a variable:
CPP_FLAGS='-std=c++11'
hw07: test.o functions.o
g++ ${CPP_FLAGS} test.o functions.o -o hw07
test.o: test.cpp headerfile.h
g++ ${CPP_FLAGS} -c test.cpp
functions.o: functions.cpp headerfile.h
g++ ${CPP_FLAGS} -c functions.cpp
clean:
rm *.o hw07
I was trying to compile some code written in c and c++ for an atmega32u4.
I wrote a makefile from information gathered from the internet, but it fails for some reason.
If I run the commands separately from the command line, they all work. However running the make command gives the following error:
main.cpp:3:10: fatal error: avr/io.h: No such file or directory
The contents of the main.cpp file are not really relevant, it's just a blink code.
The makefile looks like this:
all: init clean $(patsubst %.cpp, %.hex, $(wildcard *.cpp))
avr-size -A $(BUILDPATH)/*.elf
%.c.o: %.c
#mkdir -p $(BUILDPATH)
avr-gcc -c -g -Os -w -mmcu=$(CHIP) $^ -o $(BUILDPATH)/$#
%.cpp.o: %.cpp
#mkdir -p $(BUILDPATH)
avr-g++ -c -g -Os -w -mmcu=$(CHIP) $^ -o $(BUILDPATH)/$#
%.elf: %.o
avr-gcc -g -Os -w -mmcu=$(CHIP) $(BUILDPATH)/$^ -o $(BUILDPATH)/$#
%.hex: %.elf
avr-objcopy -R .eeprom --change-section-lma .eeprom=0 -O ihex $(BUILDPATH)/$^ $(BUILDPATH)/$#
So what am I doing wrong? Do I have to set up some environment variables or is the structure of the makefile incorrect?
I'm writing my first Makefile for a AVR-project and ran into some problems. It says "undefined reference to `main'" the first time that I execute "make" but spits out all object files and a main.map file. The next time I execute "make" it completes the compilation and also spits out the main.elf and main.hex files.
As I mentioned, I'm new to this but something tells me that it's a linking problem. I have searched for similar posts but haven't found any solution so any help is appreciated.
I have a project folder where the Makefile is and in the project folder a src folder and a header folder exists where the .c files and .h are located.
Here follows the Makefile:
SOURCE_FILES=$(wildcard src/*)
OBJECT_FILES=$(patsubst %.c,%.o,$(SOURCE_FILES))
INCLUDE_PATH=headers/
MCU=atmega328p
CFLAGS=-g -mmcu=$(MCU) -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Os -mcall-prologues
hex : elf
avr-size main.elf
avr-objcopy -R .eeprom -O ihex main.elf main.hex
elf : object
avr-gcc $(CFLAGS) -o main.elf -Wl,-Map,main.map $(wildcard *.o)
object : $(SOURCE_FILES)
avr-gcc $(CFLAGS) -Os -c $(SOURCE_FILES) -I$(INCLUDE_PATH)
load: main.hex
avrdude -c arduino -p m328p -P /dev/ttyACM0 -D -U flash:w:main.hex
clean:
rm *.o *.hex *.map *.elf
EDIT:
The output after the first make:
avr-gcc -g -mmcu=atmega328p -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Os -mcall-prologues -o main.elf -Wl,-Map,main.map
/usr/lib/gcc/avr/4.8.2/../../../avr/lib/avr5/crtm328p.o: In function `__bad_interrupt':
../../../../crt1/gcrt1.S:195: undefined reference to `main'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [elf] Error 1
The output after the second make:
avr-gcc -g -mmcu=atmega328p -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Os -mcall-prologues -o main.elf -Wl,-Map,main.map Car.o main.o TinyTimber.o
avr-size main.elf
text data bss dec hex filename
7046 8 855 7909 1ee5 main.elf
avr-objcopy -R .eeprom -O ihex main.elf main.hex
Solution found. See below:
I'm trying to get my makefile to compile three c programs into one executable, but I get the following error:
cachesim.o: could not read symbols: File in wrong format
Yes, I'm using make clean every time I use it. The make file is as follow
CC = gcc
CFLAGS = -Wall -m32 -O -g
all: cachesim cache trace_file_parser
gcc -o cachesim cachesim.o cache.o trace_file_parser.o
cachesim: cachesim.c
$(CC) -c -o cachesim.o cachesim.c $(CFLAGS)
cache: cache.c
$(CC) -c -o cache.o cache.c $(CFLAGS)
trace_file_parser: trace_file_parser.c
$(CC) -c -o trace_file_parser.o trace_file_parser.c $(CFLAGS)
clean:
rm -f *.o
I cannot figure out why this is....
I'm using make clean every time.
Attempting to compile:
[katiea#mumble-15] (34)$ make clean
rm -f *.o
[katiea#mumble-15] (35)$ ls
cache.c cache.h cachesim.c~ gcc_trace Makefile~ trace_file_parser.c
cache.c~ cachesim.c cache_structs.h Makefile strgen_trace trace_file_parser.h
[katiea#mumble-15] (36)$ make
gcc -c -o cachesim.o cachesim.c -Wall -m32 -O -g
gcc -c -o cache.o cache.c -Wall -m32 -O -g
gcc -c -o trace_file_parser.o trace_file_parser.c -Wall -m32 -O -g
gcc -o cachesim cachesim.o cache.o trace_file_parser.o
cachesim.o: could not read symbols: File in wrong format
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [all] Error 1
SOLUTION
CC = gcc
CFLAGS = -Wall -m32 -O -g
all: cachesim.c cache.c trace_file_parser.c
$(CC) -o cachesim cachesim.c cache.c trace_file_parser.c $(CFLAGS)
cachesim: cachesim.c
$(CC) -c -o cachesim.o cachesim.c $(CFLAGS)
cache: cache.c
$(CC) -c -o cache.o cache.c $(CFLAGS)
trace_file_parser: trace_file_parser.c
$(CC) -c -o trace_file_parser.o trace_file_parser.c $(CFLAGS)
clean:
rm -f *.o
Please read an intro to makefiles. This looks like homework to me.
One of the most basic tenets of makefiles is that the target should be the actual file you're building. These rules are all bogus:
cachesim: cachesim.c
$(CC) -c -o cachesim.o cachesim.c $(CFLAGS)
(etc.) because the target is cachesim but the recipe (command line) builds the file cachesim.o.
Your makefile can be written as easily as this (taking advantage of make's built-in rules):
CC = gcc
CFLAGS = -Wall -m32 -O -g
LDFLAGS = -m32 -O -g
cachesim: cachesim.o cache.o trace_file_parser.o
clean:
rm -f *.o
That's all you need.
As for your error, it seems to me that the file cachesim.o must be in some bizarre format, maybe from back before you had the makefile set up properly.
If you run make clean then make again, do you get the same error? If so please show the compile and link lines.
ETA: use the -m32 flag on the link line as well as the compile line, if you want to create a 32bit program.
I have the following Makefile
CXX = g++
CXXFLAGS = -g -Wall
COMPILE = ${CXX} ${CXXFLAGS} -c
LINK = ${CXX} -lpthread
LIB_INC = -Ilib -Iwrappers -Iprocesses
src := $(wildcard lib/*.cpp) $(wildcard wrappers/*.cpp)
obj = $(src:.cpp=.o)
src_1 := processnetwork_part001.cpp sc_application_1.cpp
obj_1 = $(src_1:.cpp=.o)
src_2 := processnetwork_part002.cpp sc_application_2.cpp
obj_2 = $(src_2:.cpp=.o)
all : sc_application_1 sc_application_2
.PHONY : all
sc_application_1 : ${obj} ${obj_1}
${LINK} -o sc_application_1 $(obj) ${obj_1}
sc_application_2 : ${obj} ${obj_2}
${LINK} -o sc_application_2 $(obj) ${obj_2}
%.o : %.cpp %.h
${COMPILE} -o $# $< $(LIB_INC)
clean :
rm sc_application_1 sc_application_2 ${obj} ${obj_1} ${obj_2}
Where lib, wrappers and processes are subdirectories of the directory where the Makefile and the two main applications sc_application_1 and sc_application_2 are stored. When I run make, I get the following output (only the last few lines w/o compiler warnings).
g++ -g -Wall -c -o lib/Scheduler.o lib/Scheduler.cpp -Ilib -Iwrappers -Iprocesses
g++ -g -Wall -c -o wrappers/consumer_wrapper.o wrappers/consumer_wrapper.cpp -Ilib -Iwrappers -Iprocesses
g++ -g -Wall -c -o wrappers/generator_wrapper.o wrappers/generator_wrapper.cpp -Ilib -Iwrappers -Iprocesses
g++ -g -Wall -c -o wrappers/square_wrapper.o wrappers/square_wrapper.cpp -Ilib -Iwrappers -Iprocesses
g++ -g -Wall -c -o processnetwork_part001.o processnetwork_part001.cpp -Ilib -Iwrappers -Iprocesses
g++ -g -Wall -c -o sc_application_1.o sc_application_1.cpp
In file included from wrappers/wrappers.h:4:0,
from sc_application_1.cpp:10:
wrappers/generator_wrapper.h:4:28: fatal error: ProcessWrapper.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
make: *** [sc_application_1.o] Error 1
Compilation fails because for some reason that I don't understand, the variable LIB_INC isn't added anymore to
g++ -g -Wall -c -o sc_application_1.o sc_application_1.cpp
But it is (as I intended) on all previous lines. Can anyone explain me this behaviour? Thank you.
edit: The error doesn't occur when I ommit the "%.h" in the "%.o" target.
I'm going to go out on a limb, and guess that there is no sc_application_1.h, but there is a header file for every previous source (e.g. Scheduler.h, consumer_wrapper.h ...).
Your %.o: %.cpp %.h rule doesn't apply if there is no %.h, so Make falls back on its default rule, which does not use LIB_INC. The simplest way to fix this is to add another %.o rule:
%.o : %.cpp %.h
${COMPILE} -o $# $< $(LIB_INC)
%.o : %.cpp
${COMPILE} -o $# $< $(LIB_INC)