In case of a download initiated by Javascript (usually by some Javascript code that submits a form, which may be dynamically added to the page), none of the standard method for forcing a file download in Watir worked for me: I still get the browser file-download confirmation pop-up, which cannot be scripted in Watir. Worse, it looks like even conventional methods that worked when following a convential link to download a file, are now broken in newest browsers, please see this other question:
How to download a file using Watir 6.0
Any suggestion on how to do it?
The documentation for that is here now: http://watir.com/guides/downloads/
prefs = {
download: {
prompt_for_download: false,
default_directory: '/path/to/dir'
}
}
b = Watir::Browser.new :chrome, options: {prefs: prefs}
Best practice, though, is not to use Watir or Selenium to handle downloads. Ideally the creation of and access to the file is handled in a unit or integration test. Watir interacts with browsers, whereas downloads are partially an operating system function. This is to say that it may not be possible to do exactly what you need.
If was having a similar problem and I enable the logger.level it helped me to determine if the prefs were even being set for the "chromeOptions"
Selenium::WebDriver.logger.level = :info
prefs = {
download: {
prompt_for_download: false,
default_directory: "#{FigNewton.download_files}"
}
}
args = ['--ignore-certificate-errors', '--disable-popup-blocking', '--disable-translate', '--disable-infobars']
browser = Watir::Browser.new :chrome, options: {prefs: prefs, args: args }
I'm not saying this will resolve your issue, however just wanted to provide you the information about the logger.level. I find it helpful.
Related
Because of some bugs when using Watir in Chrome 103, I've downloaded Chrome Beta 104 and set it as the default browser. Watir still keeps using 103 though.
I've also tried setting the browser version in the parameters but didn't help.
prefs = {
intl: {accept_languages: 'en-GB'},
browserVersion: '104.0.5112.48' # also tried 'browser_version' and didn't work either
}
b = Watir::Browser.new :chrome, options: {prefs: prefs}
How do I make it use Chrome 104?
Yes, Chrome does not properly deal with browserVersion:
https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromedriver/issues/detail?id=3849
You need to pass in:
binary: '/path/to/beta'
https://chromedriver.chromium.org/capabilities#h.p_ID_106
I am using ruby with watir-webdriver.
when downloading a file with chrome,code is there for setting preferences.
What is the procedure for doing the same with internet explorer
i had tried same preference setting that worked for chrome. But it failed in IE.
require 'watir-webdriver'
Watir.default_timeout = 90
prefs = {
:download => {
:prompt_for_download => false,
:default_directory => "#{custom_download_path}"
}
}
$browser = Watir::Browser.new :chrome, :prefs => prefs
IE version :10+
Platform : windows 7..
You should ask yourself what you are really testing here. Beyond 'is the file available and served correctly to a download request', doing file downloads using different browsers starts to be more of a test of the browser itself than your website/server code. This is the sort of test I'd do on a single browser to verify the download link points to the right file, and call it good. For other browsers maybe just verify that the user can see the download link, and that the URL for the download is correct. Or if you really need to examine the file itself, then get the link address, and just download the file with curl or something similar.
I am currently working on an automation project where I need to use Ruby/Selenium to discover specific http headers returned to the user after authentication to a web app. I am able to automate the web app just fine; however, when I try to use a Chrome extension the browser returns the following error:
The webpage at chrome-extension://[extension address] might be temporarily down or it may have moved permanently to a new web address.
After looking into this, it appears that the Selenium web driver is using a different Chrome profile than my regular Chrome profile. As such, I was wondering if someone knew if there is a way to to tell Selenium to use my regular Chrome profile with the extension loaded or build a new profile and install the extension during runtime.
So far, most of the answers I have found were centralized around Python and Java. Please let me know if I can provide more information.
To launch Chrome with the default profile on Windows:
require 'selenium-webdriver'
switches = ['user-data-dir='+ENV['LOCALAPPDATA']+'\\Google\\Chrome\\User Data']
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, :switches => switches
driver.navigate.to "https://www.google.co.uk"
Or to add an extension to the created profile:
require 'selenium-webdriver'
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome,
:desired_capabilities => Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.chrome({
'chromeOptions' => {
'extensions' => [
Base64.strict_encode64(File.open('C:\\App\\extension.crx', 'rb').read)
]
}
})
driver.navigate.to "https://www.google.co.uk"
I'm trying to (ab)use the capybara web testing framework to automate some tasks on github that are not accessible via the github API and which require me to be logged in and click on buttons to send AJAX requests.
Since capybara/selenium is a testing framework it helpfully creates a temporary session which has no cookies in it. I'd like to either stop it from doing that, or else I'd like to know how to load my cookie store into the browser session that it creates.
All I'm trying to do is this:
#!/usr/bin/env ruby
require 'selenium-webdriver'
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
driver.navigate.to "https://github.com"
Or this:
#!/usr/bin/env ruby
require 'capybara'
Capybara.register_driver :selenium do |app|
Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, :browser => :chrome)
end
session = Capybara::Session.new(:selenium)
session.visit "https://www.github.com"
In both cases I get the github.com landing page you'd see as a logged-out user or incognito mode in the browser. I'd like to get my logged-in landing page like I just fired up a web browser myself and navigated to that URL.
Since I have 2FA setup on github that makes automating the login process from the github landing page somewhat annoying, so I'd like to avoid automating logging into github. The tasks that I want to automate do not require re-authenticating via 2FA.
ANSWER:
For MacOSX+Ruby+Selenium this works:
#!/usr/bin/env ruby
require 'selenium-webdriver'
caps = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.chrome("chromeOptions" => {"debuggerAddress" => "127.0.0.1:20480"}, detach: false)
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, :desired_capabilities => caps
driver.navigate.to "https://github.com"
Then fire up chrome with this:
% /Applications/Google\ Chrome.app/Contents/MacOS/Google\ Chrome --user-data-dir=/Users/lamont/Library/Application\ Support/Google/Chrome --profile-directory=Default --remote-debugging-port=20480
Obviously the paths will need to be adjusted because they're OSX-centric and have my homedir in them.
There is also a bug in the selenium-webdriver gem for ruby where it inserts a 'detach' option which gets into a fight with 'debuggerAddress':
/Users/lamont/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.4/gems/selenium-webdriver-2.53.0/lib/selenium/webdriver/remote/response.rb:70:in `assert_ok': unknown error: cannot parse capability: chromeOptions (Selenium::WebDriver::Error::UnknownError)
from unknown error: unrecognized chrome option: detach
The lib/selenium/webdriver/chrome/bridge.rb file can be edited to take that out as a quick hack:
chrome_options['binary'] = Chrome.path if Chrome.path
chrome_options['nativeEvents'] = true if native_events
chrome_options['verbose'] = true if verbose
#chrome_options['detach'] = detach.nil? || !!detach
chrome_options['noWebsiteTestingDefaults'] = true if no_website_testing_defaults
chrome_options['prefs'] = prefs if prefs
To implement something similar in Ruby, check out this page that goes over that. Thanks to lamont for letting me know in the comments.
You can start chrome using a specific Chrome profile. I am not sure what the ruby implementation would look like, but in python it looks something like:
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options as ChromeOptions
options = ChromeOptions()
# more on this line here later.
options.add_experimental_option('debuggerAddress', '127.0.0.1:7878')
driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=otpions)
In order for this to work you need to do a few things.
manually start chrome from terminal/command prompt with these command line arguments
--user-data-dir=/path/to/any/custom/directory/home/user/Desktop/Chromedir --profile-directory="Profile 1" --remote-debugging-port=7878
make sure "Profile 1" is already existing in the same --user-data-dir (make sure user Profile 1 has necessary chrome://components/
to run any apps that require those components)
you can use any free port in place of 7878
verify that http://localhost:7878 is running and returns value.
This should manually launch chrome with the "Profile 1" profile, and so long as it has logged into the site in question, it will stay logged in like a normal user so long as you follow these instructions to run the tests.
I used this to write a quick netflix bot that clicks the "continue playing" button when it pops up, and it's the only way to get DRM content to play as far as I have found. But it retains the cookies for the login, and also launches chrome with whatever components the profile is set up to have.
I have tried launching chrome with specific profiles before using different methodologies, but this was the only way to really force it to work how I wanted it to.
Edit: There are methods for saving cookie info as well although I don't know how well they work. Check out this link for more info, as my solution is probably not the best solution even if it works.
The show_me_the_cookies gem provides cross-driver cookie manipulation and can let you add new cookies. The one thing to be aware of when using selenium is that you need to visit the domain before you can create cookie for it, so you'll need to do something like
visit "https://www.github.com"
create_cookie(...)
visit "https://www.github.com"
for it to work - first visit just puts the browser/driver in a state where you can create the cookie, second visit actually goes to the page with the cookies set.
I had to tweak the OP's answer (from within her question) to get this going with Ruby in 2022.
Prerequisites
Chromedriver installed and allowed to run even though it's not signed:
> brew install chromedriver
> xattr -d com.apple.quarantine /usr/local/bin/chromedriver
Chrome launched and accepting commands on a specific port:
> /Applications/Google\ Chrome.app/Contents/MacOS/Google\ Chrome --user-data-dir=~/Library/Application\ Support/Google/Chrome --profile-directory=Default --remote-debugging-port=20480
This created a new profile in Chrome so I signed in to my account and got the browser set up, ready to start interacting with the (legacy EdTech) site I'm trying to automate.
Actual use
require 'selenium-webdriver'
caps = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.chrome("goog:chromeOptions" => {"debuggerAddress" => "127.0.0.1:20480"})
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, capabilities: caps
driver.navigate.to "https://www.google.com"
I've written some Ruby code (connected with Cucumber) that will go to a website and click a file that I'd like to download. The browser I'm using for this is Google Chrome.
Typically, when you go to download a file in Chrome, it doesn't ask for permission. However, when I run the code I made, it says:
"This type of file can harm your computer. Do you want to keep file_name.exe anyway?" It gives 2 options, "keep" or "discard". I have to click keep.
Obviously, you don't want all executables to just start downloading; however, this particular website/file should always be trustworthy.
Is there a command in Ruby or Cucumber that allows you to click the "keep" button automatically? This could just be a general "click at this pixel" or something. Or is there a way to mark a particular website in Chrome as safe. You can't inspect the element because it's not part of the website, but, instead, part of the browser. Preferably without having to download other software.
With this being said, this suggests that if it is possible, it should also be possible to automate an installation (as in clicking next -> next -> etc) for you. Hopefully this is correct?
Thanks in advance.
You can implement it in any browser. But, for Google Chrome, here is the solution -
profile = Selenium::WebDriver::Chrome::Profile.new
profile['download.prompt_for_download'] = false
profile['download.default_directory'] = "Absolute or relative path to your download directory"
browser = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, :profile => profile
You haven't specified which gem you use for browser. But, even if you use watir-webdriver, you can use the same profile you created above with watir-webdriver.
browser = Watir::Browser.new :chrome, :profile => profile
I actually switched to using Sikuli, which worked pretty well. Thanks for the help, though.
Do you really need or want the browser to download the file? Are you really testing the browser's download feature, or do you want to verify that the server can serve the file and that it is what you expect?
I found the idea of setting up a default directory and having to check for the file clumsy, fragile and prone to errors, especially when setting up on a new host, especially for tests that run in multiple browsers.
My solution is to just use Ruby (or whatever language) features to download the file directly, and then validate that it is the file it's supposed to be. I'm not testing the browser, I'm testing the software. The only exception to that idea I can think of is if you use some javascript logic or something browser-dependent to redirect you to a link, but please don't ever do that.
However, you run into a problem if you have to log in to access your file; you either have to implement auth in your Ruby code, which isn't technically part of your Cucumber specification, or you need the cookies. I use this code to copy the cookies to avoid logging in again, and grab the file:
def assert_file_link(uri, filename, content_type)
f = open_uri_with_cookies uri
attachment_filename = f.meta["content-disposition"].sub("Attachment;filename=", "") # "Attachment;filename=Simple Flow - Simple Form.rtf"
content_length = Integer(f.meta["content-length"])
assert(f.status == ["200", "OK"], "Response was not 200 OK")
assert(f.content_type == content_type, "Expected content-type of '#{content_type}' but was '#{f.content_type}'")
assert(attachment_filename == filename, "Expected filename of '#{filename}' but was '#{attachment_filename}'")
assert(content_length > 0, "Expected content-length > 0 but was '#{content_length}'")
end
def open_uri_with_cookies(uri)
# hack the cookies from the existing session so we don't need to log in!
cookies = ""
#driver.manage.all_cookies.each { |cookie| cookies.concat("#{cookie[:name]}=#{cookie[:value]}; ") }
if block_given?
open(uri, "Cookie" => cookies, :proxy => nil) do |f|
yield f
end
else
open(uri, "Cookie" => cookies, :proxy => nil)
end
end
Hope this helps.