I hardly try to concat timestamps. Column time, defined as varchar2, contains values like 23:15. Now I want to create a timestamp with today's date and that time, in this example 23.03.18 23:15:00.00000 is expected. The way I'm doing this is
to_timestamp(to_char(trunc(current_date),'ddMMyyyy') ||
to_char(time),'dd.MM.yyyy hh24:mi:ss')
and it works. But when field time has value 06:15, I get the message "hour must be between 0 and 23 ". Whatever I try, it's always this message when time value has leading zero. How can that be corrected?
You don't need to use TRUNC on the current date as the TO_CHAR will extract only the year-to-day components and you also don't need TO_CHAR on the time column as it is already a string. Apart from those simplifications, your query works:
SQL Fiddle
Oracle 11g R2 Schema Setup:
CREATE TABLE times ( time ) AS
SELECT '00:00' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT '06:45' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT '12:00' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT '18:59' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT '23:15' FROM DUAL;
Query 1:
SELECT time,
TO_TIMESTAMP(
TO_CHAR( CURRENT_DATE, 'YYYY-MM-DD' ) || time,
'YYYY-MM-DDHH24:MI'
) AS current_day_time
FROM times
Results:
| TIME | CURRENT_DAY_TIME |
|-------|-----------------------|
| 00:00 | 2018-03-23 00:00:00.0 |
| 06:45 | 2018-03-23 06:45:00.0 |
| 12:00 | 2018-03-23 12:00:00.0 |
| 18:59 | 2018-03-23 18:59:00.0 |
| 23:15 | 2018-03-23 23:15:00.0 |
Works OK for me:
SQL> WITH test
2 AS (SELECT '23:15' time FROM DUAL
3 UNION
4 SELECT '06:15' time FROM DUAL)
5 SELECT TO_TIMESTAMP (
6 TO_CHAR (CURRENT_DATE, 'ddMMyyyy') || time,
7 'dd.MM.yyyy hh24:mi:ss') result
8 FROM test;
RESULT
----------------------------------------------------------------
23.03.18 06:15:00,000000000
23.03.18 23:15:00,000000000
SQL>
Please, post your SQL*Plus session so that we could see what you did.
try other way around: insert a leading 0 if hour < 10
to_timestamp(to_char(trunc(current_date),'ddMMyyyy') ||
to_char(
case when substr(time,1,instr(time,':',1,1)-1)<10
then'0'||time
else time
end),'dd.MM.yyyy hh24:mi:ss')
Related
I have a query that calculates the difference between two dates and returns a decimal date. I would just like to extract days and hours from the final calculated date.
This is my query.
select sysdate - (to_date('24/AUG/2021 14:00:00', 'DD/MON/YYYY HH24:MI:SS')) as FinalDate from dual;
FinalDate
162.013252314814814814814814814814814815
How do I get my desired output:?
Desired output
| Days | Hours |
| -------- | ------|
|162 |0.24 |
A little bit of arithmetic.
SQL> with temp (finaldate) as
2 (select sysdate - (to_date('24/AUG/2021 14:00:00', 'DD/MON/YYYY HH24:MI:SS')) from dual)
3 select trunc(finaldate) as days,
4 round((finaldate - trunc(finaldate)) * 24, 2) as hours
5 from temp;
DAYS HOURS
---------- ----------
162 6,49
SQL>
Why your and my hours don't match? Because of time difference; it's
SQL> select sysdate from dual;
SYSDATE
-------------------
02.02.2022 20:30:04
SQL>
over here.
I have a table abc as:
-- start_time |end_time | total_time_taken
-- 27.05.2020 00:52:48 |27.05.2020 02:08:33 |
I want to set the value of total_time_taken as the difference of end_time-start_time. in the format "HH:MM:SS".I searched the similar topic but didnot find the exact answer.
My expected output is like : 01:44:12 (HH:MM:SS)
So,i tried :
SELECT To_Char(end_time,'HH24:MM:SS'),To_Char(start_time,'HH24:MM:SS'),
To_Char(end_time,'HH24:MM:SS')-To_Char(start_time,'HH24:MM:SS') FROM abc;
The datatypes of start_time,end_time,total_time_taken is DATE.Please help me to find the solution.
If you cast those dates as timestamps, you can easily subtract them and see relatively nice result:
SQL> with test (st, et) as
2 (select to_date('27.05.2020 00:52:48', 'dd.mm.yyyy hh24:mi:ss'),
3 to_date('27.05.2020 02:08:33', 'dd.mm.yyyy hh24:mi:ss')
4 from dual
5 )
6 select cast(et as timestamp) - cast(st as timestamp) diff
7 from test;
DIFF
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+000000000 01:15:45.000000
SQL>
If you want to format it as you wanted (note that mm format mask is for months; mi is for minutes), then you could do some extracting - again from timestamp (won't work for date):
SQL> with test (st, et) as
2 (select to_date('27.05.2020 00:52:48', 'dd.mm.yyyy hh24:mi:ss'),
3 to_date('27.05.2020 02:08:33', 'dd.mm.yyyy hh24:mi:ss')
4 from dual
5 ),
6 diff as
7 (select cast(et as timestamp) - cast(st as timestamp) diff
8 from test
9 )
10 select extract(hour from diff) ||':'||
11 extract(minute from diff) ||':'||
12 extract(second from diff) diff
13 from diff;
DIFF
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
1:15:45
SQL>
You can further make it pretty (e.g. two digits for hours, using LPAD function). Or, you can even write your own function which will actually work on difference of DATE datatype values, do some calculations (using trunc function, subtractions, whatnot), but the above looks pretty elegant if compared to a home-made function.
The answer by Littlefoot is perfectly fine. This answer is just to show there is more than one way to get the result.
First, we can subtract one date from another and get the difference in days, then convert that difference to an interval.
with test (st, et) as
(select to_date('27.05.2020 00:52:48', 'dd.mm.yyyy hh24:mi:ss'),
to_date('27.05.2020 02:08:33', 'dd.mm.yyyy hh24:mi:ss')
from dual
)
select numtodsinterval(et-st, 'day') diff
from test;
Then, since we can't control interval formatting directly, we can add DIFF to an arbitrary date and then use built-in date formatting.
with test (st, et) as
(select to_date('27.05.2020 00:52:48', 'dd.mm.yyyy hh24:mi:ss'),
to_date('27.05.2020 02:08:33', 'dd.mm.yyyy hh24:mi:ss')
from dual
)
select to_char(date '1-1-1' + numtodsinterval(et-st, 'day'), 'hh24:mi:ss') diff
from test;
DIFF
--------
01:15:45
I have a scenario in which for example,my start_date ='12-SEP-2018 00:01:00' and End_date ='13-SEP-2018 14:55:00' . The difference between the 2 dates must be found out in Hours and minutes like'12:20'. This must be achieved in oracle database. I tried using the following logic :
SELECT
24 * (to_date('2009-07-07 22:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD hh24:mi') - to_date(
'2009-07-07 19:30', 'YYYY-MM-DD hh24:mi')) diff_hours
FROM
dual;
I was able to get the hour difference but unable to get minutes along with it.
CREATE TABLE table_name ( start_date DATE, end_date DATE );
INSERT INTO table_name VALUES ( TIMESTAMP '2009-07-07 19:30:00', TIMESTAMP '2009-07-07 22:00:00' );
Then you can subtract one from the other and cast it to a DAY TO SECOND interval and then just EXTRACT the component parts of the time:
SELECT EXTRACT( DAY FROM difference ) AS days,
EXTRACT( HOUR FROM difference ) AS hours,
EXTRACT( MINUTE FROM difference ) AS minutes,
EXTRACT( SECOND FROM difference ) AS seconds
FROM (
SELECT ( end_date - start_date ) DAY TO SECOND AS difference
FROM table_name
);
Outputs:
DAYS | HOURS | MINUTES | SECONDS
---: | ----: | ------: | ------:
0 | 2 | 30 | 0
or you can use arithmetic to calculate the values:
SELECT TRUNC( 24 * ( end_date - start_date ) ) AS hours,
TRUNC( MOD( 24 * 60 * ( end_date - start_date ), 60 ) ) AS minutes,
ROUND( MOD( 24 * 60 * 60 * ( end_date - start_date ), 60 ) ) AS seconds
FROM table_name;
which outputs:
HOURS | MINUTES | SECONDS
----: | ------: | ------:
2 | 30 | 0
db<>fiddle here
Since you want a string value, an alternative based on your query attempt is to add the difference between your two date values (which is a numeric value, the number of days between them, including fractional days) to an arbitrary fixed date; and then convert the result of that to a string:
SELECT to_char(date '0001-01-01'
+ (to_date('2009-07-07 22:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD hh24:mi') - to_date( '2009-07-07 19:30', 'YYYY-MM-DD hh24:mi')),
'HH24:MI') as diff
FROM dual;
DIFF
-----
02:30
If the difference can exceed 24 hours then you need to decide how to report that; if you want to include days as a separate figure then you can still use this approach, but need to subtract one (if your fixed date is the first) from the difference before formatting as a string:
SELECT to_char(date '0001-01-01'
+ (to_date('2009-07-08 22:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD hh24:mi') - to_date( '2009-07-07 19:30', 'YYYY-MM-DD hh24:mi'))
- 1,
'DDD:HH24:MI') as diff
FROM dual;
DIFF
---------
001:02:30
If you want the 'hours' value to be higher instead - e.g. '26:30' in this example - then it gets rather more complicated; I see #MTO has added the 'arithmetic' approach already so I won't repeat that. But then might be better off going down the extract() route (which you should consider anyway as it's more flexible and elegant...)
We have a set of values which we use to populate a bar chart. For this application, we will always need 5 years of data, we will always need 5 rows of data, even if the values are NULL.
See this query. Assume that the DATE column goes from 2017, 2016, 2015.........even those we may have no data for 2014 & 2013, I will need to return a 2014 & 2013 for, with a NULL as the other column.....
SELECT period_date, actual_eps
FROM (SELECT LAST_DAY(TO_DATE(TO_CHAR(period_date),'YYYYMM')) period_date, actual_eps
FROM period_data
WHERE ticker = 'ADRO'
AND period_type = 'A'
AND actual_eps IS NOT NULL
ORDER BY period_date DESC NULLS LAST)
WHERE rownum <= 5;
So, it will return what rows it has, up to 5, and NULL for the other rows which it does not have, up to 5.......
Thanks in advance
Try using a Common Table Expression/Subquery Factoring to generate rows for each year value. Use a RIGHT JOIN to generate NULLs for any missing rows.
Normally I would use a LEFT JOIN. But in this case I think it reads better this way.
Use NVL to substitute the year for NULL period_date values.
with years as
(
select to_char(sysdate, 'YYYY') as year from dual
UNION ALL
select to_char(add_months(sysdate,-12), 'YYYY') as year from dual
UNION ALL
select to_char(add_months(sysdate,-24), 'YYYY') as year from dual
UNION ALL
select to_char(add_months(sysdate,-36), 'YYYY') as year from dual
UNION ALL
select to_char(add_months(sysdate,-48), 'YYYY') as year from dual
)
SELECT
NVL(TO_CHAR(LAST_DAY(pd.period_date),'YYYYMM'),y.year) as period_date,
pd.actual_eps
FROM period_data pd
RIGHT JOIN years y ON y.year = to_char(pd.period_date,'YYYY')
AND pd.ticker = 'ADRO'
AND pd.period_type = 'A'
AND pd.actual_eps IS NOT NULL
WHERE rownum <= 5
ORDER BY period_date desc, actual_eps nulls last;
Output:
| PERIOD_DATE | ACTUAL_EPS |
|-------------|------------|
| 201902 | foo |
| 201802 | foo |
| 201702 | foo |
| 2016 | (null) |
| 2015 | (null) |
SQL Fiddle example
Imagine this scenario (YYYY/MM/DD):
Start date: 2015/01/01 End date: 2015/08/10
Start date: 2014/10/03 End date: 2015/07/06
Start date: 2015/09/30 End date: 2016/04/28
Using PL/SQL can I calculate the distinct days between these overlapping dates?
Edit: My table has 2 DATE columns, Start_Date and End_Date. The result I'm expecting is 515 days ((2015/08/10 - 2014/10/03) + (2016/04/28 -2015/09/30))
You can do also with pure SQL (no need for PL/SQL):
with
minmax as (select min(start_date) min_dt, max(end_date) max_dt from myTable ),
dates as (
SELECT min_dt + rownum-1 dt1
FROM minmax CONNECT BY ROWNUM <= (max_dt - min_dt +1)
)
select count(*) from dates
where exists(
select 1 from MyTable T2
where dates.dt1 between T2.start_date and T2.end_date )
NOTE: an idea, written from head, not tested. Adapt generated dates as needed, with start date and needed length.
Hope it helps.
EDIT: Using actual table dates
SQL Fiddle
Oracle 11g R2 Schema Setup:
CREATE TABLE DATES ( start_date, end_date ) AS
SELECT DATE '2015-01-01', DATE '2015-08-10' FROM DUAL
UNION ALL SELECT DATE '2014-10-03', DATE '2015-07-06' FROM DUAL
UNION ALL SELECT DATE '2015-09-30', DATE '2016-04-28' FROM DUAL
Query 1:
SELECT COUNT( DISTINCT COLUMN_VALUE ) AS number_of_days
FROM DATES d,
TABLE(
CAST(
MULTISET(
SELECT d.START_DATE + LEVEL - 1
FROM DUAL
CONNECT BY d.START_DATE + LEVEL - 1 < d.END_DATE
)
AS SYS.ODCIDATELIST
)
)
ORDER BY 1
Results:
| NUMBER_OF_DAYS |
|----------------|
| 522 |
Query 2 - Check:
SELECT DATE '2015-08-10' - DATE '2014-10-03'
+ DATE '2016-04-28' - DATE '2015-09-30'
FROM DUAL
Results:
| DATE'2015-08-10'-DATE'2014-10-03'+DATE'2016-04-28'-DATE'2015-09-30' |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 522 |