Renaming two files in multiple folders by adding suffix and prefix - shell

Question

I have multiple folders where two files are present.
For example, 123.jpg, 456.jpg under folder ABC. I want to rename the files to IT1_ABC_123.v1.jpg and IT2_ABC_456.v1.jpg. Similarly, other folders have two files.
How can I do this in shell or Perl?

Answer 1

Try this, using shell and perl:
mkdir /tmp/test; cd $_
mkdir ABC DEF
touch {ABC,DEF}/{123,456}.jpg #creates four files, two in each directory
find|perl -nlE's,((.*)/(.+))/((123|456).jpg),$1/IT#{[++$n]}_$3_$4,&&say"$&\n$_\n"'
./ABC/123.jpg
./ABC/IT1_ABC_123.jpg
./ABC/456.jpg
./ABC/IT2_ABC_456.jpg
./DEF/123.jpg
./DEF/IT3_DEF_123.jpg
./DEF/456.jpg
./DEF/IT4_DEF_456.jpg
Now, after confirming this is what you want, replace the say with a rename:
find|perl -nlE's,((.*)/(.+))/((123|456).jpg),$1/IT#{[++$n]}_$3_$4, and rename$&,$_'
The new filenames:
find -type f
./ABC/IT1_ABC_123.jpg
./ABC/IT2_ABC_456.jpg
./DEF/IT3_DEF_123.jpg
./DEF/IT4_DEF_456.jpg
This will find filenames with 123.jpg or 456.jpg and rename them.
s,,, is the search-replace and it returns 1 (the number of changes it made) which again leads to the right side of the and being done (the rename).
Filenames that doesn't match 123.jpg or 456.jpg isn't renamed since s,,, will return 0 and the and is "short cutted" since it then logically cannot be true with a false (0) left side. So then the rename is not executed.
This variant does the same, but might be easier to read:
find|perl -nlE 'rename$&,$_ if s,((.*)/(.+))/((123|456).jpg),$1/IT#{[++$n]}_$3_$4,'
I have found this pattern useful in many cases of mass renamings. Also, dedicated software for mass renaming with GUIs exists, which for some might be easier to use.
Rewritten as a program abc.pl, it could be:
#!/usr/bin/perl
while(<>){
chomp;
next if not s,((.*)/([A-Z]{3}))/(\d{3}\.jpg),$1/IT#{[++$n]}_$3_$4,;
print "Found: $&\nNew name: $_\n\n";
#rename $&, $_;
}
Run:
find|perl abc.pl

Answer 2

You can do this in core Perl using the File::Find, File::Basename, and File::Copy modules. You can test it out with the script below. It won't make any changes until you uncomment the line with the "move" function.
#! perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use File::Basename;
use File::Copy;
use File::Find;
my $root_dir = '/path/to/main/folder';
# Recursively searches for all files below the $root_dir
my #fileset;
find(
sub {
# Get the absolute file path
my $path = $File::Find::name;
# Only capture the path if not a directory
# You can add any number of conditions here
if (!-d $path) {
push #fileset, $path;
}
},
$root_dir
);
# set the IT counter in new file name
my $int = 1;
# list of all possible file suffixes to have fileparse() look for. It will
# capture the end of the file path verbatim (including the period) if it's
# in this array
my #suffixes = ('.jpg', '.txt');
my $previous_dir;
foreach my $old_path (#fileset) {
# split apart the basename of the file, the directory path, and the file suffix
my ($basename, $parent_dir, $suffix) = fileparse($old_path, #suffixes);
# strip off trailing slash so fileparse() will capture parent dir name correctly
$parent_dir =~ s{[/]$}{};
# capture just the name of the parent directory
my $parent_name = fileparse($parent_dir);
# Assemble the new path
my $new_path = $parent_dir . '/IT' . $int . '_'
. $parent_name . '_' . "$basename.v1" . $suffix;
# Move the file to rename (this is safer than using rename() for cross-platform)
# move $old_path, $new_path;
print "OLD PATH: $old_path\n";
print "NEW PATH: $new_path\n\n";
# Reset counter when dir changes
if (!$previous_dir) {
$previous_dir = $parent_dir; # set previous_dir on first loop
}
elsif($previous_dir ne $parent_dir) {
$previous_dir = $parent_dir; # update previous_dir to check next loop
$int = 0; # reset counter
}
$int++; # iterate the counter
}
Edit 2018-07-12: I've updated the answer to show how to reset the counter when the directory changes by evaluating the current path with the one used in the previous loop and updating accordingly. This is not tested so it may need some adjustments.
Given the abc/def examples given, the output should look something like this:
OLD PATH: /path/to/main/folder/abc/123.jpg
NEW PATH: /path/to/main/folder/abc/IT1_abc_123.v1.jpg
OLD PATH: /path/to/main/folder/abc/456.txt
NEW PATH: /path/to/main/folder/abc/IT2_abc_456.v1.jpg
OLD PATH: /path/to/main/folder/def/123.jpg
NEW PATH: /path/to/main/folder/def/IT1_def_123.v1.jpg
OLD PATH: /path/to/main/folder/def/456.jpg
NEW PATH: /path/to/main/folder/def/IT2_def_456.v1.jpg