In a textfile i have some tags with the notation :foo. To get an overview of my tags in the file, I want to get a listing of all this tags.
This is done via
grep -o -e ":[a-z]*\( \|$\)" file.txt | sort | uniq
Now I get duplicates because of the whitespace or newline character at the end.
:movie <-- only newline
:movie <-- whitespace and newline
:read
:read
I want to avoid the duplicates. But I could not figure out how. I tried with | tr -d '[:space:]', but this leads only to a concatenation of all pipe output...
Example of the file.txt
Avengers: Infinity War :movie
Yojimbo 1961 :movie nippon
Some test lines (there is a space after the first :space, you can see it if you highlight the data with your mouse):
$ cat file
with :space
with :space too
without :space
test: this
With grep, sort and uniq:
$ grep -o ":[a-z]\+" file | sort | uniq
:space
With awk (well, gawk and mawk at least):
$ awk 'BEGIN{RS="[" FS "|" RS "]+"}/:[a-z]/&&!a[$0]++' file
:space
Each word is its own record and we pick the first instance of every colon-starting word. RS="[" FS "|" RS "]+" could be written otherwise but it is in this form to emphasize any combination of FS and RS.
You can use Perl regexp and word matching:
grep -oP ':\w+' file.txt | sort | uniq
or, just match non-space characters:
grep -o ':[^ ]*' file.txt | sort | uniq
Since you haven't provided the sample Input_file so couldn't test it as well as I don't have zsh with me. Try following and let me know if this helps you.
awk '/:[a-z]*/{sub(/ +$/,"");} !a[$0]++' Input_file | sort
You can try with sed
sed 's/.*\(:[a-z]*\).*/\1/' file.txt | sort | uniq
Related
I'm trying to get as bash variable list of users which are in my csv file. Problem is that number of users is random and can be from 1-5.
Example CSV file:
"record1_data1","record1_data2","record1_data3","user1","user2"
"record2_data1","record2_data2","record2_data3","user1","user2","user3","user4"
"record3_data1","record3_data2","record3_data3","user1"
I would like to get something like
list_of_users="cat file.csv | grep "record2_data2" | <something> "
echo $list_of_users
user1,user2,user3,user4
I'm trying this:
cat file.csv | grep "record2_data2" | awk -F, -v OFS=',' '{print $4,$5,$6,$7,$8 }' | sed 's/"//g'
My result is:
user2,user3,user4,,
Question:
How to remove all "," from the end of my result? Sometimes it is just one but sometimes can be user1,,,,
Can I do it in better way? Users always starts after 3rd column in my file.
This will do what your code seems to be trying to do (print the users for a given string record2_data2 which only exists in the 2nd field):
$ awk -F',' '{gsub(/"/,"")} $2=="record2_data2"{sub(/([^,]*,){3}/,""); print}' file.csv
user1,user2,user3,user4
but I don't see how that's related to your question subject of Getting last X records from CSV file using bash so idk if it's what you really want or not.
Better to use a bash array, and join it into a CSV string when needed:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
readarray -t listofusers < <(cut -d, -f4- file.csv | tr -d '"' | tr ',' $'\n' | sort -u))
IFS=,
printf "%s\n" "${listofusers[*]}"
cut -d, -f4- file.csv | tr -d '"' | tr ',' $'\n' | sort -u is the important bit - it first only prints out the fourth and following fields of the CSV input file, removes quotes, turns commas into newlines, and then sorts the resulting usernames, removing duplicates. That output is then read into an array with the readarray builtin, and you can manipulate it and the individual elements however you need.
GNU sed solution, let file.csv content be
"record1_data1","record1_data2","record1_data3","user1","user2"
"record2_data1","record2_data2","record2_data3","user1","user2","user3","user4"
"record3_data1","record3_data2","record3_data3","user1"
then
sed -n -e 's/"//g' -e '/record2_data/ s/[^,]*,[^,]*,[^,]*,// p' file.csv
gives output
user1,user2,user3,user4
Explanation: -n turns off automatic printing, expressions meaning is as follow: 1st substitute globally " using empty string i.e. delete them, 2nd for line containing record2_data substitute (s) everything up to and including 3rd , with empty string i.e. delete it and print (p) such changed line.
(tested in GNU sed 4.2.2)
awk -F',' '
/record2_data2/{
for(i=4;i<=NF;i++) o=sprintf("%s%s,",o,$i);
gsub(/"|,$/,"",o);
print o
}' file.csv
user1,user2,user3,user4
This might work for you (GNU sed):
sed -E '/record2_data/!d;s/"([^"]*)"(,)?/\1\2/4g;s///g' file
Delete all records except for that containing record2_data.
Remove double quotes from the fourth field onward.
Remove any double quoted fields.
I have a txt file containing multiple lines of text, for example:
This is a
file containing several
lines of text.
Now I have another file containing just words, like so:
this
contains
containing
text
Now I want to output the words which are in file 1, but not in file 2. I have tried the following:
cat file_1.txt | xargs -n1 | tr -d '[:punct:]' | sort | uniq | comm -i23 - file_2.txt
xargs -n1 to put each space separated substring on a newline.
tr -d '[:punct:] to remove punctuations
sort and uniq to make a sorted file to use with comm which is used with the -i flag to make it case insensitive.
But somehow this doesn't work. I've looked around online and found similar questions, however, I wasn't able to figure out what I was doing wrong. Most answers to those questions were working with 2 files which were already sorted, stripped of newlines, spaces, and punctuation while my file_1 may contain any of those at the start.
Desired output:
is
a
file
several
lines
of
paste + grep approach:
grep -Eiv "($(paste -sd'|' <file2.txt))" <(grep -wo '\w*' file1.txt)
The output:
is
a
file
several
lines
of
I would try something more direct:
for A in `cat file1 | tr -d '[:punct:]'`; do grep -wq $A file2 || echo $A; done
flags used for grep: q for quiet (don't need output), w for word match
One in awk:
$ awk -F"[^A-Za-z]+" ' # anything but a letter is a field delimiter
NR==FNR { # process the word list
a[tolower($0)]
next
}
{
for(i=1;i<=NF;i++) # loop all fields
if(!(tolower($i) in a)) # if word was not in the word list
print $i # print it. duplicates are printed also.
}' another_file txt_file
Output:
is
a
file
several
lines
of
grep:
$ grep -vwi -f another_file <(cat txt_file | tr -s -c '[a-zA-Z]' '\n')
is
a
file
several
lines
of
This pipeline will take the original file, replace spaces with newlines, convert to lowercase, then use grep to filter (-v) full words (-w) case insensitive (-i) using the lines in the given file (-f file2):
cat file1 | tr ' ' '\n' | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]' | grep -vwif file2
I have a delimited file that is separated by octal \036 or Hexadecimal value 1e.
I need to count the number of delimiters on each line using a bash shell script.
I was trying to use awk, not sure if this is the best way.
Sample Input (| is a representation of \036)
Example|Running|123|
Expected output:
3
awk -F'|' '{print NF-1}' file
Change | to whatever separator you like. If your file can have empty lines then you need to tweak it to:
awk -F'|' '{print (NF ? NF-1 : 0)}' file
You can try
awk '{print gsub(/\|/,"")}'
Simply try
awk -F"|" '{print substr($3,length($3))}' OFS="|" Input_file
Explanation: Making field separator -F as | and then printing the 3rd column by doing $3 only as per your need. Then setting OFS(output field separator) to |. Finally mentioning Input_file name here.
This will work as far as I know
echo "Example|Running|123|" | tr -cd '|' | wc -c
Output
3
This should work for you:
awk -F '\036' '{print NF-1}' file
3
-F '\036' sets input field delimiter as octal value 036
Awk may not be the best tool for this. Gnu grep has a cool -o option that prints each matching pattern on a separate line. You can then count how many matching lines are generated for each input line, and that's the count of your delimiters. E.g. (where ^^ in the file is actually hex 1e)
$ cat -v i
a^^b^^c
d^^e^^f^^g
$ grep -n -o $'\x1e' i | uniq -c
2 1:
3 2:
if you remove the uniq -c you can see how it's working. You'll get "1" printed twice because there are two matching patterns on the first line. Or try it with some regular ascii characters and it becomes clearer what the -o and -n options are doing.
If you want to print the line number followed by the field count for that line, I'd do something like:
$grep -n -o $'\x1e' i | tr -d ':' | uniq -c | awk '{print $2 " " $1}'
1 2
2 3
This assumes that every line in the file contains at least one delimiter. If that's not the case, here's another approach that's probably faster too:
$ tr -d -c $'\x1e\n' < i | awk '{print length}'
2
3
0
0
0
This uses tr to delete (-d) all characters that are not (-c) 1e or \n. It then pipes that stream of data to awk which just counts how many characters are left on each line. If you want the line number, add " | cat -n" to the end.
I want to count the amount of the same words in a text file and display them in descending order.
So far I have :
cat sample.txt | tr ' ' '\n' | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr
Which is mostly giving me satisfying output except the fact that it includes special characters like commas, full stops, ! and hyphen.
How can I modify existing command to not include special characters mentioned above?
You can use tr with a composite string of the letters you wish to delete.
Example:
$ echo "abc, def. ghi! boss-man" | tr -d ',.!'
abc def ghi boss-man
Or, use a POSIX character class knowing that boss-man for example would become bossman:
$ echo "abc, def. ghi! boss-man" | tr -d [:punct:]
abc def ghi bossman
Side note: You can have a lot more control and speed by using awk for this:
$ echo "one two one! one. oneone
two two three two-one three" |
awk 'BEGIN{RS="[^[:alpha:]]"}
/[[:alpha:]]/ {seen[$1]++}
END{for (e in seen) print seen[e], e}' |
sort -k1,1nr -k2,2
4 one
4 two
2 three
1 oneone
How about first extracting words with grep:
grep -o "\w\+" sample.txt | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr
Suppose there is one file.txt in which below content text is written:
ABC/xyz
ABC/xyz/rst
EFG/ghi
I need to write a shell script that can extract the first unique word before the first /.
So as output, I want ABC and EFG to be written in one file.
You can extract the first word with cut (slash as delimiter), then pipe to sort with the -u (for "unique") option:
$ cut -d '/' -f 1 file.txt | sort -u
ABC
EFG
To get the output into a file, just redirect by appending > filename to the command. (Or pipe to tee filename to see the output and get it in a file.)
Try this :
cat file.txt | tr -s "/" ' ' | awk -F " " '{print $1}' | sort | uniq > outfile.txt
Another interesting variation:
awk -F'/' '{print $1 |" sort -u" }' file.txt > outfile.txt
Not that it matters here, but being able to pipe and redirect within awk can be very handy.
Another easy way:
cut -d"/" -f1 file.txt|uniq > out.txt
You can use a mix of cut and sort like so:
cut -d '/' -f 1 file.txt | sort -u > newfile.txt
The first line grabs any string until a slash / and outputs it into newfile.txt.
The second line sorts the text, removing any duplicate strings you might have.