I have linked a variable group to my build pipeline. The variable group has a variable in it. I am trying to use the variable in a bash script in my pipeline.
This document describes how to reference my variable from my variable group:
[https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/vsts/pipelines/process/variables?view=vsts&tabs=yaml%2Cbatch][2]
However, $TESTING_YOLO does not work.
I have spent 2 hours trying to reference this variable from a bash script. Literally no idea how to do it.
I have figured out that variables in my variable group that come from key vault are not visible in my env variables when running the bash script.
Further, if I create a variable group that is not linked to key vault i.e. a variable group with key: value, yolo1: yolo1, those variables are visible in my env variables when running the bash script.
To summarise this update, variables in a variable group that come from key vault don't work as expected.
"However, secret variables (encrypted variables and key vault variables) cannot be accessed directly in scripts - instead they must be passed as arguments to a task". Quoted from here: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/vsts/pipelines/library/variable-groups?view=vsts
So we had to figure out how to pass arguments to our task. Here I am passing my secret yolo3 as an argument to my bash script task
Then I can reference the secret yolo3 as an argument in my bash script i.e. $1.
Hopefully, this will help someone else :).
The format to use the variables from variable group which links Azure key value as below:
$(VariableName)
Such as you can use the format $(yolo). But since the variable yolo is secret, the value will be marked as *** from the build logs.
Related
I need to access system environment variable from my Jenkins file. I know that there are some predefined variables (e.g. JOB_NAME or BUILD_NUMBER), but I need to access custom environment variable which I set previously. What are the way to do this? It seems that env.MY_VARIABLE and env['MY_VARIABLE'] but those don't work. I need this to have access to the variable which would be specified during the pipeline build inside a bash script. Probably there are more convenient ways to pass information from bash script to Jenkins file, which called this bash script.
You access environment variables like ${DB_ENGINE} or $DB_ENGINE from bash or in your Groovy job/pipeline DSL script where DB_ENGINE is the custom environment variable you set.
Check documentation.
Can I access VSTS Build Definition Secret Variables (password type variables) into shell script file directly without passing arguments?
No, you need to pass VSTS build variables as arguments into shell script file.
For inline script, you can use VSTS build variables (no matter secret variables or non-secret variables) directly by using the format $(variableName).
For File path script, you use the pass VSTS build variables as arguments, so that the variables can be recognized in the shell script file.
I am not able to get output of the Environment-Variable BUILD_URL through Shell command.
Configured Manage Jenkins-->Configure System-->Jenkins Location-->Jenkins URL as http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:8080/
Using below script within Shell command.
#!/bin/bash
echo ${BUILD_URL}
Do i have to set jenkins_url within the script?
In a Shell you can't access environment variables like that. you will need to read here: https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-read-and-set-environmental-and-shell-variables-on-a-linux-vps.
What you can do is in the Jenkins's job session you can send a parameter to your script to gain access to the env parameter. in the Shell section you will have access to the environment parameter, in the script itself it'll work differently.
Good luck
I'm using a bash shell. I have some values from my env that I want to extract and assign those values to a variable. I also need to split it at the = sign. What's the best utility for this using bash?
I basically need to create a string with these values stripping out the delimter as well:
echo -e "This is my $KEY and my profile is $PROFILE"
This is my Ru2cXJbgWQ0wdtKBGbS5/nVQvGo and my profile is foobar
Result:
-bash-4.1$ echo -e "This is my $KEY"
This is my
-bash-4.1$ env | grep KEY
KEY=Ru2cXJbgWQ0wdtKBGbS5/nVQvGo
Example:
$ env | grep KEY
KEY=Ru2cXJbgWQ0wdtKBGbS5/nVQvGo
$ env | grep DEFAULT_PROFILE
DEFAULT_PROFILE=foobar
To complement Anthony Geoghegan's helpful answer, which shows that Bash automatically represents environment variables as shell variables[1]:
In short: the fact that env | grep KEY returns KEY=Ru2cXJbgWQ0wdtKBGbS5/nVQvGo does NOT necessarily mean that an environment variable named KEY exists.
It is conceivable that the grep matches you're getting are matches of other environment variables' values or even the last line of multi-line variable name. Thanks, chepner.
While environment variable and values are typically single-line, they don't have to be. An example is Bash's own ability to export functions, whose typically multi-line definitions are exported as the values of specially named environment variables.
To verify that a given (Bash) shell variable is indeed based on an environment variable, use:
declare -p KEY # example with variable name 'KEY'
If KEY is indeed an environment variable, you'll see (using your example):
declare -x KEY="Ru2cXJbgWQ0wdtKBGbS5/nVQvGo"
Note the -x, which indicates an exported variable, which is synonymous with being an environment variable.
By contrast:
If KEY is a shell variable that isn't also an environment variable, the -x will be missing.
if KEY is neither a shell variable nor an environment variable, you'll see an error message.
anubhava, in a comment on the question, demonstrates a shell-independent way to test if an environment variable is defined:
printenv KEY # prints value of env. var. 'KEY'
An exit code of 0 tells you that the variable exists (even if it is has no value).
Note that printenv is an external utility that is not POSIX-compliant; it does, however, come with both Linux and BSD/OSX.
[1] Note that by using Bash's own string expansion (interpolation of double-quoted strings), what gets expanded is not only environment variable references, but also shell-only variable references. GNU utility envsubst, by contrast, allows you to restrict expansion to environment variables.
When Bash starts, each environment variable that it inherits is automatically created as a shell variable aka parameter. From the Bash man page:
When a program is invoked it is given an array of strings called the environment. This is a list of name-value pairs, of the form name=value.
The shell provides several ways to manipulate the environment. On invocation, the shell scans its own environment and creates a parameter for each name found, automatically marking it for export to child processes.
If KEY and PROFILE are environment variables, running
echo -e "This is my $KEY and my profile is $PROFILE"
should print the desired response.
This question already has answers here:
What does the 'export' command do?
(3 answers)
Closed 7 years ago.
When I customize my environment, I add PATH=$PATH:$My-own-Path in file .bash_profile.
The tutorials tell me I should use this one: export PATH=$PATH:$My-own-Path
So, what is the difference?
To answer your exact specific question, in this particular case, there isn't any difference. Why?
Somewhere in the initialization process, the variable PATH has already been exported. A change in the variable's value which is already exported does not need another export; this is automatic. The processes fired hereafter will get the new value.
export makes the environment variable available to child processes
From man bash:
... The export and declare -x commands allow parameters and functions to be added to and deleted from the environment. If the value of a parameter in the environment is modified, the new value becomes part of the environment, replacing the old.
Also from man bash:
export [-fn] [name[=word]] ...
export -p
The supplied names are marked for automatic export to the environment of subsequently executed commands. If the -f option is given, the names refer to functions. If no names are given, or if the -p option is supplied, a list of names of all exported variables is printed. The -n option causes the export property to be removed from each name. If a variable name is followed by =word, the value of the variable is set to word. export returns an exit status of 0 unless an invalid option is encountered, one of the names is not a valid shell variable name, or -f is supplied with a name that is not a function.
Exported variables are available to other programs. Non-exported variables are not.
Example:
$ myVar=Foo # Create local
$ env | grep '^myVar='
$ export myVar # Export myVar to child process
$ env | grep '^myVar='
Foo
If you want to read more about this, check out export (GNU Bash manual).
Also, please note that non-exported variables will be available to subshells run with (...) and other similar notations:
$ thereVar=Bar
$ (echo $thereVar; echo $myVar; $myVar=testing; echo $myVar)
Bar
Foo
Testing
$echo $myVar
Foo
The subshell cannot affect variables in the parent shell.
For more information on subshells, please reference:
Command Grouping
Command Execution Environment
Every process has an area of memory called the environment block. In the environment block are environment variables. These look like ordinary variables, for example x=42.
In most shells (C shell is an exception) you move an ordinary variable into the environment block using export. That command can also create an environment variable without going through an intermediate stage. If the variable is already in the environment block then export will have no effect.
So why? When a new process is created, the default action is to copy various "core information" from parent to child. These include the current directory, the umask, the file descriptor table, the uid and gid, and the environment block.
Note that the child only gets a copy of the parent's environment block. The variable is not shared and cannot be passed back to the parent (except by using some other inter-process communication mechanism).
You can override this default behaviour using the env program, but this is rarely required.
So, if we set an environment variable in a shell script using export then all our child processes we create, when we call other programs, will get a copy of them. Some variable names are well-known and have a special meaning, and the PATH environment variable is probably the most important of those.
The PATH environment variable is used to find programs on UNIX/Linux. Directories in PATH are searched in left-right order each time we need to load a program. Bash also caches executable paths in a hash (KornShell calls them "tracked aliases").