In the following example (example.txt)
name1 stringA1 stringB1 stringC1
name2 stringA2 stringB2 stringC2
I'd like to replace in file 'stringB1' by 'new_string' lines that are matching 'name1' using variable.
I succeed to print lines of interest using:
NAME="name1"
sed -n "/^\<${NAME}\>/p" example.txt
But I'm having problem to print lines when I'm trying to make the substitution using bash variables:
NAME="name1"
STRING_TO_REPLACE="stringB1"
NEW_STRING="new_string"
sed -n "/^\<${NAME}\>/s/\<${STRING_TO_REPLACE}>/\<${NEW_STRING}\>/" example.txt
The final idea is to replace the string in file directly using sed -i option
sed -i "/^\<${NAME}\>/s/\<${STRING_TO_REPLACE}>/\<${NEW_STRING}\>/" example.txt
Related
i have 2 file.
analizeddata.txt:
A001->A002->A003->A004
A001->A005->A007
A022->A033
[...]
and
matrix.txt:
A001|Scott
A002|Bob
A003|Mark
A004|Jane
A005|Elion
A007|Brooke
A022|Meggie
A023|Tif
[..]
How i can replace in analizeddata.txt, or obtain a new file, with the second column of matrix.txt?
The expected output file will be as:
Scott->Bob->Mark->Jane
Scott->Elion->Brooke
Meggie->Tif
[...]
Thanks
Just use sed to replace the string what you want.
sed 's/|/\//g' matrix.txt will generate the replace pattern likes A001/Scott which will be used as regexp/replacement of the second sed s/regexp/replacement/ command.
sed -i option will update directly analizeddata.txt file, back up it before exec this command.
for replace_mode in $(sed 's/|/\//g' matrix.txt); do sed -i 's/'$replace_mode'/g' analizeddata.txt; done
Suggesting awk script:
awk -F"|" 'FNR==NR{arr[$1]=$2;next}{for(i in arr)gsub(i,arr[i])}1' matrix.txt analizeddata.txt
with provided sample data, results:
Scott->Bob->Mark->Jane
Scott->Elion->Brooke
Meggie->A033
I have a many repeated content as give below in a file . These are only uniq content.
CHECKSUM="Y"
CHECKSUM="N"
CHECKSUM="U"
CHECKSUM="
I want to replace empty field with "Null" and need output as :
CHECKSUM="Y"
CHECKSUM="N"
CHECKSUM="U"
CHECKSUM="Null"
What I can think of as :
#First find the matching content
cat file.txt | egrep 'CHECKSUM="Y"|CHECKSUM="N"|CHECKSUM="U"' > file_contain.txt
# Find the content where given string are not there
cat file.txt | egrep -v 'CHECKSUM="Y"|CHECKSUM="N"|CHECKSUM="U"' > file_donot_contain.txt
# Replace the string in content not found file
sed -i 's/CHECKSUM="/CHECKSUM="Null"/g' file_donot_contain.txt
# Merge the files
cat file_contain.txt file_donot_contain.txt > output.txt
But I find this is not efficient way of doing. Any other suggestion ?
To achieve this you need to mark that this is the end of the line, not just part of it, using $ (And optionally ^ to mark the start of the line too):
sed -i s'/^CHECKSUM="$/CHECKSUM="Null"/' file.txt
I have a sed expression in a function that I pass parameters to.
insert_after_new_line() {
if ! grep -q "${2}" "${3}"; then
sed -i "/${1}/{N;N;a ${2}}" "${3}"
fi
}
insert_after_new_line search insert textfile.txt
I am trying to have a blank line inserted below the search string and the insert string inserted after.
so
text
text
search
text
becomes
text
text
search
insert
text
but I keep getting the error
sed: -e expression #1, char 0: unmatched `{'
I tested this. works in command line
sed -i '/search/a \\ninsert' file
sed really delimiters commands by a newline. There is a ; but it does not work for all commands, mostly these which take file name as an argument. ; does not work for r R or for example a. Sed will read everything after a command, so sed interprets is like a ${2}} as a single command, in result it does not find enclosing }, cause it's been eaten by a command. You need a newline:
sed -i "/${1}/{N;N;a ${2}
}" "${3}"
or
sed -i "/${1}/{N;N;a ${2}"$'\n'"}" "${3}"
this should work:
sed -i '/search/{G;ainsert
}' file
You can replace the text by shell variable, but replace the single quotes by double quotes too.
I have a variable with a bunch of data.
text = "ABCDEFGHIJK"
file = garbage.txt //iiuhdsfiuhdsihf]sdiuhdfoidsoijsf
What I would like to do is replace the ] charachter in file with text. I've tried using sed but I keep getting odd errors.
output should be:
//iiuhdsfiuhdsihfABCDEFGHIJKsdiuhdfoidsoijsf
Just need to escape the ] character with a \ in regex:
text="ABCDEFGHIJK"
sed "s/\(.*\)\]\(.*\)/\1$text\2/" file > file.changed
or, for in-place editing:
sed -i "s/\(.*\)\]\(.*\)/\1$text\2/" file
Test:
sed "s/\(.*\)\]\(.*\)/\1$text\2/" <<< "iiuhdsfiuhdsihf]sdiuhdfoidsoijsf"
# output => iiuhdsfiuhdsihfABCDEFGHIJKsdiuhdfoidsoijsf
There is always the bash way that should work in your osx:
filevar=$(cat file)
echo "${filevar/]/$text}" #to replace first occurence
OR
echo "${filevar//]/$text}" #to replace all occurences
In my bash i don't even have to escape ].
By the way, the simple sed does not work?
$ a="AA"
$ echo "garbage.txt //iiuhdsfiuhdsihf]sdiuhdfoidsoijsf" |sed "s/]/$a/g"
garbage.txt //iiuhdsfiuhdsihfAAsdiuhdfoidsoijsf
I am trying to get a substring between &DEST= and the next & or a line break.
For example :
MYREQUESTISTO8764GETTHIS&DEST=SFO&ORIG=6546
In this I need to extract "SFO"
MYREQUESTISTO8764GETTHIS&DEST=SANFRANSISCO&ORIG=6546
In this I need to extract "SANFRANSISCO"
MYREQUESTISTO8764GETTHISWITH&DEST=SANJOSE
In this I need to extract "SANJOSE"
I am reading a file line by line, and I need to update the text after &DEST= and put it back in the file. The modification of the text is to mask the dest value with X character.
So, SFO should be replaced with XXX.
SANJOSE should be replaced with XXXXXXX.
Output :
MYREQUESTISTO8764GETTHIS&DEST=XXX&ORIG=6546
MYREQUESTISTO8764GETTHIS&DEST=XXXXXXXXXXXX&ORIG=6546
MYREQUESTISTO8764GETTHISWITH&DEST=XXXXXXX
Please let me know how to achieve this in script (Preferably shell or bash script).
Thanks.
$ cat file
MYREQUESTISTO8764GETTHIS&DEST=SFO&ORIG=6546
MYREQUESTISTO8764GETTHIS&DEST=PORTORICA
MYREQUESTISTO8764GETTHIS&DEST=SANFRANSISCO&ORIG=6546
MYREQUESTISTO8764GETTHISWITH&DEST=SANJOSE
$ sed -E 's/^.*&DEST=([^&]*)[&]*.*$/\1/' file
SFO
PORTORICA
SANFRANSISCO
SANJOSE
should do it
Replacing airports with an equal number of Xs
Let's consider this test file:
$ cat file
MYREQUESTISTO8764GETTHIS&DEST=SFO&ORIG=6546
MYREQUESTISTO8764GETTHIS&DEST=SANFRANSISCO&ORIG=6546
MYREQUESTISTO8764GETTHISWITH&DEST=SANJOSE
To replace the strings after &DEST= with an equal length of X and using GNU sed:
$ sed -E ':a; s/(&DEST=X*)[^X&]/\1X/; ta' file
MYREQUESTISTO8764GETTHIS&DEST=XXX&ORIG=6546
MYREQUESTISTO8764GETTHIS&DEST=XXXXXXXXXXXX&ORIG=6546
MYREQUESTISTO8764GETTHISWITH&DEST=XXXXXXX
To replace the file in-place:
sed -i -E ':a; s/(&DEST=X*)[^X&]/\1X/; ta' file
The above was tested with GNU sed. For BSD (OSX) sed, try:
sed -Ee :a -e 's/(&DEST=X*)[^X&]/\1X/' -e ta file
Or, to change in-place with BSD(OSX) sed, try:
sed -i '' -Ee :a -e 's/(&DEST=X*)[^X&]/\1X/' -e ta file
If there is some reason why it is important to use the shell to read the file line-by-line:
while IFS= read -r line
do
echo "$line" | sed -Ee :a -e 's/(&DEST=X*)[^X&]/\1X/' -e ta
done <file
How it works
Let's consider this code:
search_str="&DEST="
newfile=chart.txt
sed -E ':a; s/('"$search_str"'X*)[^X&]/\1X/; ta' "$newfile"
-E
This tells sed to use Extended Regular Expressions (ERE). This has the advantage of requiring fewer backslashes to escape things.
:a
This creates a label a.
s/('"$search_str"'X*)[^X&]/\1X/
This looks for $search_str followed by any number of X followed by any character that is not X or &. Because of the parens, everything except that last character is saved into group 1. This string is replaced by group 1, denoted \1 and an X.
ta
In sed, t is a test command. If the substitution was made (meaning that some character needed to be replaced by X), then the test evaluates to true and, in that case, ta tells sed to jump to label a.
This test-and-jump causes the substitution to be repeated as many times as necessary.
Replacing multiple tags with one sed command
$ name='DEST|ORIG'; sed -E ':a; s/(&('"$name"')=X*)[^X&]/\1X/; ta' file
MYREQUESTISTO8764GETTHIS&DEST=XXX&ORIG=XXXX
MYREQUESTISTO8764GETTHIS&DEST=XXXXXXXXXXXX&ORIG=XXXX
MYREQUESTISTO8764GETTHISWITH&DEST=XXXXXXX
Answer for original question
Using shell
$ s='MYREQUESTISTO8764GETTHIS&DEST=SFO&ORIG=6546'
$ s=${s#*&DEST=}
$ echo ${s%%&*}
SFO
How it works:
${s#*&DEST=} is prefix removal. This removes all text up to and including the first occurrence of &DEST=.
${s%%&*} is suffix removal_. It removes all text from the first & to the end of the string.
Using awk
$ echo 'MYREQUESTISTO8764GETTHIS&DEST=SFO&ORIG=6546' | awk -F'[=\n]' '$1=="DEST"{print $2}' RS='&'
SFO
How it works:
-F'[=\n]'
This tells awk to treat either an equal sign or a newline as the field separator
$1=="DEST"{print $2}
If the first field is DEST, then print the second field.
RS='&'
This sets the record separator to &.
With GNU bash:
while IFS= read -r line; do
[[ $line =~ (.*&DEST=)(.*)((&.*|$)) ]] && echo "${BASH_REMATCH[1]}fooooo${BASH_REMATCH[3]}"
done < file
Output:
MYREQUESTISTO8764GETTHIS&DEST=fooooo&ORIG=6546
MYREQUESTISTO8764GETTHIS&DEST=fooooo&ORIG=6546
MYREQUESTISTO8764GETTHISWITH&DEST=fooooo
Replace the characters between &DEST and & (or EOL) with x's:
awk -F'&DEST=' '{
printf("%s&DEST=", $1);
xlen=index($2,"&");
if ( xlen == 0) xlen=length($2)+1;
for (i=0;i<xlen;i++) printf("%s", "X");
endstr=substr($2,xlen);
printf("%s\n", endstr);
}' file