Handling viewset that has a serializer with multiple foreignkeys - django-rest-framework

I have this serializer:
class ReviewSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
user = UserSerializer(read_only=True)
class Meta:
model = Review
fields = ('pk', 'title', 'user', 'movie', 'timestamp', 'review_text',)
I want to mention that user and movie are both ForeignKeys defined in models.py for Review model. Here is the model:
class Review(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=255)
user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='reviews')
movie = models.ForeignKey(Movie, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='reviews')
review_text = models.TextField()
timestamp = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
def __str__(self):
return '{movie} review by {user}'.format(user=self.user, movie=self.movie)
I want to create a viewset, but if I do something like this:
class ReviewsViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
queryset = Movie.objects.all()
serializer_class = ReviewSerializer
and register it like this:
router.register(r'reviews', views.ReviewsViewSet, 'reviews')
won't work, it requires me to provide a movie field as logged here:
AttributeError at /api/reviews/
Got AttributeError when attempting to get a value for field `movie` on serializer `ReviewSerializer`.
The serializer field might be named incorrectly and not match any attribute or key on the `Movie` instance.
Original exception text was: 'Movie' object has no attribute 'movie'.
Thanks in advance.
Edited.

Related

DRF - Add User to a model with ManyToManyField

I am trying to implement a feature to my backend and allow the owner of private "Group" to add other users by their usernames instead of ID's and allow them to add their images to FileField only once after they were added to the model. The code I have so far:
models.py
class Group(models.Model):
group_name = models.CharField(max_length=255)
group_text = models.TextField(max_length=360, blank=True)
owner = models.ForeignKey(
settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, related_name='owner_user', on_delete=models.SET(get_deleted_user), default=1)
created_on = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, null=True)
shared_to = models.ManyToManyField(UserProfile, blank=True, related_name='shared_to_user', null=True)
def __str__(self):
return self.group_name
def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
super(Group, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
class GroupImage(models.Model):
group_file = models.FileField(blank=True, null=True,
upload_to='media/covers/%Y/%m/%D/')
gallery_group = models.ForeignKey(Group, related_name='images', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
serializers.py
class GroupImageSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = models.GroupImage
fields = ('group_file', )
class SharedToSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = models.Group
fields = ('shared_to', )
class GroupSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
images = GroupImageSerializer(many=True, read_only=True)
person = SharedToSerializer(many=True, read_only=True)
class Meta:
model = models.Group
fields = ('id', 'group_name', 'group_text', 'person', 'images')
def create(self, validated_data):
images_data = self.context.get('view').request.FILES
owner_id = self.context['request'].user.id
gallery_group = models.Group.objects.create(group_name=validated_data.get('group_name', 'no-
group_name'), group_text=validated_data.get('group_text'), owner_id=1)
for image_data in images_data.values():
models.GroupImage.objects.create(gallery_group=gallery_group,
group_file=image_data)
return gallery_group
views.py
class GroupCreateAPIView(generics.CreateAPIView):
queryset = models.Group.objects.all()
serializer_class = serializers.GroupSerializer
permission_classes = [AllowAny]
So if your only requirement is how to add users by their username and not their id. You should use SlugRelatedField. I also feel your serializer naming convention is quite confusing. Below is the serializer for Group model that can add users to a group.
class GroupSerializer(Serializer):
... other fields here
shared_to = models.SlugRelatedField(queryset = UserProfile.objects.all(), many=True, slug_field="username", allow_empty=True)
So first checkout SlugRelatedField. This basically is used to map to objects using a specific field of that object(username in this case). You will then get all the UserProfile instances in the shared_to field of the validated_data
property of the serializer which you can fetch in create method and add to you group. And then in the file upload api for your group you can check whether this user belongs to the group or not for permission checking.

How to restrict fields when creating post request in DRF?

I am making a POST api using DRF. In that api, I need only few fields(name, size, customer_name, customer_address), but don't require this fields(status, ordered_time) because these fields I want to save these fields in run time as status='open' and ordered_time=DateTimeField.now()
views.py
class PizzaOrderCustomerView(APIView):
def post(self, request):
orders = request.data.get('orders')
# Create an article from the above data
serializer = ArticleSerializer(data=orders)
if serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True):
article_saved = serializer.save()
return Response({"success": "Article '{}' created successfully".format(article_saved.name)})
models.py
class PizzaOrder(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=120)
size = models.CharField(max_length=10, choices=SIZE_CHOICE, default='MEDIUM')
customer_name = models.CharField(max_length=120)
customer_address = models.TextField()
ordered_time = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now, editable=False)
status = models.CharField(max_length=20, default='open', editable=False)
serializers.py
class OrderSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = PizzaOrder
# fields = '__all__'
read_only_fields = ('status',)
But when I try to create an order, it needed status and ordered_time also. But it should save at the time of creating order automatically.
Suggest a good way to do it.
from rest_framework import viewsets, mixins
class PizzaViewsets(viewsets.ViewSet, mixins.CreateModelMixin):
model = PizzaOrder
serializer_class = OrderSerializer
queryset = model.objects.all(
serializer, it is always good practise to mention all fields instead of
all
class OrderSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = PizzaOrder
fields = ('status','ordered_time','name', 'size', 'customer_name', 'customer_address',)
read_only_fields = ('status','ordered_time',)

Django DRF serializer - inserting data containing foreign key relationships

I have the following models:
class Contact(models.Model):
class Meta:
managed = False
db_table = 'contact'
class ContactPhone(models.Model):
contact = models.ForeignKey(Contact, on_delete = models.CASCADE)
number = models.CharField(max_length = 45)
class Meta:
managed = False
db_table = 'contact_phone'
Also, I have the following serializers:
class ContactSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
server_id = serializers.IntegerField(source='id', read_only=True)
class Meta:
model = Contact
fields = '__all__'
class ContactPhoneSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = ContactPhone
fields = '__all__'
Now, I have a view that insert phone numbers for an existing contact.
The input is a json that looks like this:
data = {'contact_id': 12322,
'phones':[{'number': '89120000001'}]}
The view:
def insert_contact_phone(request):
for record in request.data['phones']:
data['contact_id'] = request.data['contact_id']
serializer = ContactPhoneSerializer(data = data)
if serializer.is_valid():
serializer.save()
I end up with the following error:
RelatedObjectDoesNotExist at /contacts/edit ContactPhone has no
contact.
What am I doing wrong?
If you specify __all__ for the fields in your ContactPhoneSerializer, it does not include contact_id.
So the contact_id taken from the json input is not serialized. It is basically ignored and when you try to save and create new ContactPhone - it fails, because it does not have contact's foreign key correctly set.
But simply adding contact_id to the serializer's fields won't solve your problem.
In your view, i recommend you to set the contact instead:
data['contact'] = request.data['contact_id']
and pass this to the ContactPhoneSerializer.

DRF - html post options only for user logged in

I have the following serializer:
class WidgetSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
owner = serializers.HiddenField(default=serializers.CurrentUserDefault())
class Meta:
model=Widget
fields = ('id', 'title', 'description', 'username', 'code', 'owner', 'list')
The problem is that the 'list' field, which is a drop down, gives all lists whereas I only want it to display lists that are owned by the user currently logged in.
Here's the respective models:
class WidgetList(MPTTModel):
name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
description = models.CharField(max_length=1024)
owner = models.ForeignKey('MyUser')
parent = TreeForeignKey('self', null=True, blank=True, related_name='children', db_index=True)
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class MPTTMEta:
order_insertion_by = ['name']
class Widget(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=100)
description = models.CharField(max_length=1024)
username = models.CharField(max_length=50)
code = models.CharField(max_length=1024)
owner = models.ForeignKey('MyUser', related_name='MyUser_owner')
list = models.ForeignKey('WidgetList')
I am a beginner in django. I hope that I could help.
Just try this
WidgetList.objects.filter(owner=request.user)
I have to limit it through a SlugRelatedField as per the documentation here -
http://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/relations/#slugrelatedfield
I then used it like so -
list = serializers.SlugRelatedField(
queryset=WidgetList.objects.filter(owner=3),
many=True,
slug_field='name'
)
All I need to figure out now is to pass the serializers.CurrentUserDefault() in the filter for the queryset, or pass request.user.

Passing argument from view to Custom RelatedField serializer

How can I pass an argument to a serializers.RelatedField class from views.py. I need to pass language_id to query Language.objects model within that RelatedField.
I am not sure if I took a right approach to this issue. What I want to achieve is to present information about genres associated to a movie from database model about depending on the language. The MovieGenre model has genre ID field which I want to replace with actual Genre name.
My serialiser.py
class GenreField(serializers.RelatedField):
def to_representation(self, value, language_id=1):
genre_name = GenresVideo.objects.get(genre_id=value, language_id=language_id)
return genre_name.name
class MovieGenresSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
genre_id = GenreField(read_only=True)
class Meta:
model = MoviesGenres
As you see, here I query Language.objects with default value but I would like to pass it from views (language_id).
My views.py:
class MovieGenresTestViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
lookup_field = 'movie'
queryset = MoviesGenres.objects.all()
serializer_class = MovieGenresSerializer
def list(self, request, language_pk):
queryset = MoviesGenres.objects.all()
serializer = MovieGenresSerializer(queryset, many=True)
return Response(serializer.data)
def retrieve(self, request, movie, language_pk):
queryset = MoviesGenres.objects.filter(movie=movie)
serializer = MovieGenresSerializer(queryset, many=True)
return Response(serializer.data)
And my urls.py:
router.register(r'lang', LanguagesViewSet, base_name='lang')
mov_gen = routers.NestedSimpleRouter(router, r'lang', lookup='language')
mov_gen.register(r'mg', MovieGenresTestViewSet, base_name='mg')
url(r'^api/', include(genre_spec.urls))
My models.py
class Languages(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(unique=True, max_length=255)
short_name = models.CharField(unique=True, max_length=4, blank=True, null=True)
active = models.BooleanField(default="")
class Meta:
managed = False
db_table = 'languages'
ordering = ('id',)
class GenresVideo(models.Model):
genre_id = models.IntegerField()
language = models.ForeignKey('Languages')
name = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)
class Meta:
managed = False
db_table = 'genres_video'
unique_together = (('genre_id', 'language'),)
ordering = ('genre_id',)
class MoviesGenres(models.Model):
movie = models.ForeignKey(Movies)
genre_id = models.IntegerField()
class Meta:
managed = False
db_table = 'movies_genres'
unique_together = (('movie', 'genre_id'),)
Through the urls routes, I can get a correct response from API including the language_id. I just need to pass it to the view somehow.
Thanks a lot for help!
I'll try to answer to your first question, with the easiest implementation possible: SerializerMethodField. Because we will get the language id via the context passed to the serializer, we should either generate the context for the serializer, or let the framework do that for us.
Now to the problem at hand: you aren't filtering the queryset (MoviesGenres) by language per se. Thus, we can avoid overwriting the list and retrieve methods. Nevertheless, the router mechanism will inject in kwargs for the view method the language_pk parameter - that's the parameter that we will retrieve from within the serializer context:
class MovieGenresSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
genre = searializers.SerializerMethodField()
class Meta:
model = MoviesGenres
def get_genre(self, instance):
# get the language id from the view kwargs
language_id = self.context['view'].kwargs['language_pk']
# get the genre
try:
genre_name = GenresVideo.objects.get(genre_id=instance.genre_id, language_id=language_id).name
except GenresVideo.DoesNotExist:
genre_name = None
# return the formatted output
return genre_name
class MovieGenresTestViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
lookup_field = 'movie'
queryset = MoviesGenres.objects.all()
serializer_class = MovieGenresSerializer

Resources