When I try to compile the hello.c as a driver component, I got an error as follows:
root#ubuntu:/home/steven/Downloads# make
make -C /lib/modules/`uname -r`/build M=/home/steven/Downloads modules
make[1]: Entering directory '/usr/src/linux-headers-4.15.0-29-generic'
CC [M] /home/steven/Downloads/hello.o
**cc1: error: code model kernel does not support PIC mode**
scripts/Makefile.build:332: recipe for target '/home/steven/Downloads/hello.o' failed
make[2]: *** [/home/steven/Downloads/hello.o] Error 1
Makefile:1552: recipe for target '_module_/home/steven/Downloads' failed
make[1]: *** [_module_/home/steven/Downloads] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/src/linux-headers-4.15.0-29-generic'
Makefile:13: recipe for target 'modules' failed
make: *** [modules] Error 2
My Makefile is as follows:
ifneq ($(KERNELRELEASE),)
MODULE_NAME = hellomodule
$(MODULE_NAME)-objs := hello.o
obj-m := $(MODULE_NAME).o
else
KERNEL_DIR = /lib/modules/`uname -r`/build
MODULEDIR := $(shell pwd)
.PHONY: modules
default: modules
modules:
make -C $(KERNEL_DIR) M=$(MODULEDIR) modules
clean distclean:
rm -f *.o *.mod.c .*.*.cmd *.ko
rm -rf .tmp_versions
endif
Can anybody help me to solve this problem?
Related
Below is my Makefile:
SIM ?= icarus
TOPLEVEL_LANG ?= verilog
VERILOG_SOURCES += $(PWD)/../hdl/dut.v
VERILOG_SOURCES += $(PWD)/wrappers/ifc_test.v
intr:
rm -rf sim_build
$(MAKE) sim MODULE=ifc_test TOPLEVEL=ifc_test
include $(shell cocotb-config --makefiles)/Makefile.sim
But while trying to run, I'm getting the error as:
make[1]: *** No rule to make target 'sim'. Stop.
I am trying to cross compile a simple hello world program. The cross compiler I am using is for Buildroot Linux on a RPI4. I am trying to do the compilation on my Ubuntu machine.
I get this error:
make[2]: *** No rule to make target '/home/j_sizzle/Documents/Lab11-2/hello1.o', needed by '/home/j_sizzle/Documents/Lab11-2/hello1.mod'. Stop.
make[1]: *** [Makefile:1825: /home/j_sizzle/Documents/Lab11-2] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/j_sizzle/Documents/buildroot/buildroot-2021.11.1-rpi/output/build/linux-custom'
make: *** [Makefile:7: default] Error 2
My Makefile looks like this:
obj-m += hello1.o
KDIR := /home/j_sizzle/Documents/buildroot/buildroot-2021.11.1-rpi/output/build/linux-custom/
PWD := $(shell pwd)
default:
$(MAKE) -C $(KDIR) KBUILD_EXTMOD=$(PWD) ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=/home/j_sizzle/Documents/buildroot/buildroot-2021.11.1-rpi/output/host/bin/arm-buildroot-linux-uclibcgnueabihf- modules
clean:
$(MAKE) -C $(KDIR) KBUILD_EXTMOD=$(PWD) clean
rm -f *~cd
I'm not really sure what I need to do here and I am somewhat new to makefiles so sorry if I am doing something dumb. I do know that this cross compiler works when just compiling a c program, but this is my first time trying to use it for modules.
# Makefile for Defmod
FFLAGS =
FPPFLAGS =
LDLIBS =
-include ${PETSC_DIR}/conf/variables
-include ${PETSC_DIR}/conf/rules
-include ${PETSC_DIR}/lib/petsc/conf/variables
-include ${PETSC_DIR}/lib/petsc/conf/rules
OBJS = main.o m_global.o m_local.o m_elems.o m_utils.o
m_utils.o : m_utils.F90
m_elems.o : m_elems.F90 m_utils.o
m_local.o : m_local.F90 m_elems.o
m_global.o: m_global.F90 m_local.o
main.o : main.F90 m_global.o
all: ${OBJS}
-${FLINKER} ${OBJS} -o ../defmod ${PETSC_LIB} ${LDLIBS}
when I enter make all, it pops out：
make[1]: Entering directory '/mnt/c/Users/gxyan/defmod-dev/src'
main.o m_global.o m_local.o m_elems.o m_utils.o -o ../defmod
make[1]: main.o: Command not found
Makefile:21: recipe for target 'all' failed
make[1]: [all] Error 127 (ignored)
make[1]: Leaving directory '/mnt/c/Users/gxyan/defmod-dev/src'
and all the environment variables of PETSC is set.
the configure of PETSC is done with the command:
./configure --with-cc=gcc --with-fc=gfortran --download-mpich --download-fblaslapack --download-cmake --download-metis --with-debugging=0
So, what's wrong?
make variable FLINKER is either not defined, or is defined but has the empty string value
You need to first set the PETSC_DIR variable. E.g., in BASH do:
export PETSC_DIR=/home/user/petsc
followed by
make all
Alternatively, you can do:
make all PETSC_DIR=/home/user/petsc
I install Lapack-3.6.1 on Ubutun.There is a problem during make, lack of the file (cholrl.a). The error message is this.
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/lapack-3.6.1/BLAS/SRC' ( cd
SRC/VARIANTS ; make) make[1]: Entering directory
'/usr/local/src/lapack-3.6.1/SRC/VARIANTS' gfortran -O2 -frecursive
-c cholesky/RL/cpotrf.f -o cholesky/RL/cpotrf.o gfortran -O2 -frecursive -c cholesky/RL/dpotrf.f -o cholesky/RL/dpotrf.o gfortran -O2 -frecursive -c cholesky/RL/spotrf.f -o cholesky/RL/spotrf.o gfortran -O2 -frecursive -c cholesky/RL/zpotrf.f -o
cholesky/RL/zpotrf.o ar cr LIB/cholrl.a cholesky/RL/cpotrf.o
cholesky/RL/dpotrf.o cholesky/RL/spotrf.o cholesky/RL/zpotrf.o ar:
LIB/cholrl.a: No such file or directory Makefile:38: recipe for target
'cholrl' failed make[1]: * [cholrl] Error 1 make[1]: Leaving
directory '/usr/local/src/lapack-3.6.1/SRC/VARIANTS' Makefile:39:
recipe for target 'variants' failed make: * [variants] Error 2
Do you have a solution?
Creating LIB directory myself worked for me. So, type mkdir LIB in SRC/VARIANTS.
i am trying to learn how to write device driver on linux. I have looked at several online tutorials. They are simple enough but I have problem compiling it. I got a makefile error at the bottom. I have not done anything to the linux-header-2.6.32-27-generic. It is in the state that it was installed. It may be that it has some dependencies but I have no ideas which one. I am not sure what make is expecting.
I would appreciate any help.
Here is my system info.
Linux rat-desktop 2.6.32-27-generic #49-Ubuntu SMP Wed Dec 1 23:52:12 UTC 2010 i686 GNU/Linux
The include files are in /usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-27-generic
rat#rat-desktop:/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-27-generic$ ls
arch firmware Kbuild modules.order security usr
block fs kernel Module.symvers sound virt
crypto include lib net source
Documentation init Makefile samples tools
drivers ipc mm scripts ubuntu
nothing.c
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL");
static int __init hello_init(void)
{
printk(KERN_ALERT "Hello,world tapas\n");
return 0;
}
static void __exit hello_exit(void)
{
printk(KERN_ALERT "Good Bye,cruel world\n");
}
module_init(hello_init);
module_exit(hello_exit);
Makefile
obj-m := nothing.o
KDIR = /usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-27-generic
all:
$(MAKE) make -C $(KDIR) M=pwd modules
clean:
rm -rf *.o *.ko *.mo.* *.symvers *.order
sudo make
make make -C /usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-27-generic M=pwd modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-27-generic'
make[1]: *** No rule to make target `make'. Stop.
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-27-generic'
make: *** [all] Error 2
I used another Makefile which got me a little more detail
obj-m += nothing.o
all:
make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) modules
clean:
make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) clean
rat#rat-desktop:~/deviceDrivers$ sudo make
make -C /lib/modules/2.6.32-27-generic/build M= modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-27-generic'
CHK include/linux/version.h
CHK include/linux/utsrelease.h
SYMLINK include/asm -> include/asm-x86
make[2]: *** No rule to make target `kernel/bounds.c', needed by `kernel/bounds.s'. Stop.
make[1]: *** [prepare0] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-27-generic'
make: *** [all] Error 2
In the first Makefile, observe the make command that is being executed in the output when you run sudo make (generally sudo is not required to build the modules) :
make make -C /usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-27-generic M=pwd modules
In this case, make is searching for a target named 'make'! Remove the $(MAKE) from the Makefile and try. And also M=pwd option is incorrect!
In the second case, the PWD variable isn't defined. You can define it in the Makefile something like this :
PWD := $(shell pwd)