I have a table called phonebook and it has two columns (firstName, LastName). I want to create a table of lastName index by firstName using cursor, and I wrote this code:
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE proc1 AS
TYPE tableNames IS TABLE OF VARCHAR2(20) INDEX BY VARCHAR(20);
v1 tableNames;
v_firstName PHONEBOOK.FIRSTNAME%TYPE;
v_lastName PHONEBOOK.LASTNAME%TYPE;
CURSOR c_name IS SELECT FIRSTNAME, LASTNAME FROM PHONEBOOK;
BEGIN
OPEN c_name;
LOOP
FETCH c_name INTO v_firstName, v_lastName;
EXIT WHEN c_name%NOTFOUND;
v1(v_firstName) := v_lastName;
END LOOP;
FOR idx IN v1.FIRST..v1.LAST
LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE (v1(idx));
END LOOP;
CLOSE c_name;
END;
/
It has been successfully compiled. When I run this procedure it should print lastNames which stored in the tableNames but it gave me an error:
ORA-06502 "PL/SQL: numeric or value error"
Cause: An arithmetic, numeric, string, conversion, or constraint error
occurred. For example, this error occurs if an attempt is made to
assign the value NULL to a variable declared NOT NULL, or if an
attempt is made to assign an integer larger than 99 to a variable
declared NUMBER(2).
Action: Change the data, how it is manipulated, or how it is declared so
that values do not violate constraints.
Please help me to solve this problem
Not FOR, but WHILE. Also, I used cursor FOR loop as a source; easier to write & maintain.
SQL> create table phonebook (firstname varchar2(10), lastname varchar2(10));
Table created.
SQL> insert into phonebook
2 select 'Little', 'Foot' from dual union all
3 select 'Mc' , 'Donalds' from dual;
2 rows created.
SQL> create or replace procedure proc1 as
2 type tablenames is table of varchar2(10) index by varchar2(10);
3 v1 tablenames;
4 idx varchar2(10);
5 begin
6 for cur_r in (select firstname, lastname
7 from phonebook
8 )
9 loop
10 v1(cur_r.firstname) := cur_r.lastname;
11 end loop;
12
13 idx := v1.first;
14 while idx is not null loop
15 dbms_output.put_line(v1(idx));
16 idx := v1.next(idx);
17 end loop;
18 end;
19 /
Procedure created.
SQL> exec proc1;
Foot
Donalds
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
Related
I am creating a stored procedure in Oracle database that's resulting in error "ORA-01858: a non-numeric character was found where a numeric was expected".
My procedure is as below:
create or replace procedure testProc(
id IN VARCHAR2,
user IN VARCHAR2,
sender IN VARCHAR2
)
as
vCount number;
begin
select count(*) into vCount from table1 where id='12345'
if vCount=0
insert into table1 (id, user, sender, status) values (id, user, partner, status);
else
update table1 set status='ERR' where id='12345'
end if;
end procedure;
Error: ORA-01858: a non-numeric character was found where a numeric was expected
I tried replacing vCount as int that did not help. Also tried declaring vCount below sender IN VARCHAR2.
Can someone please tell what is correct way to use the above procedure.
Use a MERGE statement then you can do it in a single statement (rather than SELECT followed by either INSERT or UPDATE):
CREATE PROCEDURE testProc(
i_id IN table1.id%TYPE,
i_user IN table1."USER"%TYPE,
i_sender IN table1.sender%TYPE,
i_status IN table1.status%TYPE
)
AS
BEGIN
MERGE INTO table1 dst
USING (
SELECT '12345' AS id
FROM DUAL
) src
ON (src.id = dst.id)
WHEN MATCHED THEN
UPDATE SET status = 'Err'
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT (id, "USER", sender, status)
VALUES (i_id, i_user, i_sender, i_status);
END testProc;
/
db<>fiddle here
This code can't possibly return error you specified because
procedure is invalid (mising statement terminators; column name can't be USER because it is a keyword, reserved for currently logged user)
that error code is related to date issues, while - in your code - there's nothing that looks like a date
Therefore, it is impossible to help you with error you stated. Otherwise, consider NOT naming procedure's parameters the same as column names because that leads to various problems.
Something like this would work, but it is not related to error you got.
Sample table:
SQL> CREATE TABLE table1
2 (
3 id VARCHAR2 (5),
4 c_user VARCHAR2 (20),
5 partner VARCHAR2 (10),
6 sender VARCHAR2 (10),
7 status VARCHAR2 (5)
8 );
Table created.
SQL>
Procedure:
SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE testProc (p_id IN VARCHAR2,
2 p_user IN VARCHAR2,
3 p_sender IN VARCHAR2)
4 AS
5 vCount NUMBER;
6 BEGIN
7 SELECT COUNT (*)
8 INTO vCount
9 FROM table1
10 WHERE id = p_id;
11
12 IF vCount = 0
13 THEN
14 INSERT INTO table1 (id,
15 c_user,
16 sender,
17 status)
18 VALUES (p_id,
19 p_user,
20 NULL,
21 'NEW');
22 ELSE
23 UPDATE table1
24 SET status = 'ERR'
25 WHERE id = p_id;
26 END IF;
27 END testproc;
28 /
Procedure created.
Testing:
SQL> EXEC testproc('12345', 'Little', 'Foot');
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> SELECT * FROM table1;
ID C_USER PARTNER SENDER STATU
----- -------------------- ---------- ---------- -----
12345 Little NEW
SQL> EXEC testproc('12345', 'Little', 'Foot');
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> SELECT * FROM table1;
ID C_USER PARTNER SENDER STATU
----- -------------------- ---------- ---------- -----
12345 Little ERR
SQL>
Let's say I have a table child and I want in a procedure to select random from 1 to 5, random values from the table and print them. How can i do it?
create table child(name varchar2(20), age number);
insert into child(name, age) values('A',5);
insert into child(name, age) values('B',12);
insert into child(name, age) values('C',7);
insert into child(name, age) values('D',4);
create or replace procedure random_child
as
l_name child.name%type;
l_age child.age%type;
begin
for i in(select dbms_random.value(1,5)
from (select name from child sample(50)))
loop
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line(i.name);
end loop;
end;
It gives me a PLS-00302: name must be declared
You can use:
CREATE PROCEDURE random_child
AS
BEGIN
FOR i in(
SELECT name,
FLOOR(DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE(1,6)) AS value
FROM child
SAMPLE(50)
)
LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line(i.name || ' ' || i.value);
END LOOP;
END;
/
Then:
BEGIN
random_child();
END;
/
May randomly output:
B 3
C 2
D 2
db<>fiddle here
There's no i.name there; alias is missing at the end of line #6:
SQL> create or replace procedure random_child
2 as
3 l_name child.name%type;
4 l_age child.age%type;
5 begin
6 for i in(select dbms_random.value(1,5) as name --> here
7 from (select name from child sample(50)))
8 loop
9 DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line(i.name);
10 end loop;
11 end;
12 /
Procedure created.
SQL> exec random_child
1,30966411991963041689918865935551009464
1,13993832387089615287177388489291237644
3,85292920191145794430114472793297022632
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
create or replace type TableOfNumber as table of number;
I created a table of a number to be used as the output of a function
create or replace function GetItems()
return TableOfNumber as
Res TableOfNumber;
sqlstr varchar2(500);
begin
-- Test statements here
sqlstr:= 'select swid from ITEMS i' ;
dbms_output.put_line (sqlstr);
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE sqlstr
BULK COLLECT INTO Res ;
return(Res);
end ;
I want to change the field name from column_value hg To which ITid when creating the type And change the query clause from
select column_value from GetItems()
select ITid from GetItems()
create or replace type TableOfNumber as table of number ''' name ITid ''';
column_value is a pseudocolumn and - as far as I can tell - you can't avoid it if you're doing what you're doing.
But, if you switch to the following example, that's another story. You'll need two types:
SQL> create or replace type t_row as object (deptno number);
2 /
Type created.
SQL> create or replace type t_tab as table of t_row;
2 /
Type created.
Function (without dynamic SQL. Why did you use it? There's nothing dynamic in your code):
SQL> create or replace function getitems
2 return t_tab
3 as
4 res t_tab;
5 begin
6 select t_row(deptno)
7 bulk collect
8 into res
9 from dept;
10 return res;
11 end;
12 /
Function created.
Finally: column name is deptno, not column_value:
SQL> select * from table(getitems);
DEPTNO
----------
10
20
30
40
SQL>
I tried to write a PL/SQL function having as parameters a tablename and a column name, which returns the result of the query as a table.
Here's what I tried:
CREATE TYPE TABLE_RES_OBJ AS OBJECT (
employee_id number(30) ,
person_id number(30),
joined_year number(4),
salary number(20,2),
qualification varchar2(45),
department varchar2(45)
);
/
create TYPE table_ret as TABLE OF table_res_obj;
/
create or replace function select_custom(p_tablename varchar2, p_colname varchar2 ) return table_ret
is
ret table_ret;
query_txt varchar2(100) := 'SELECT :a from :b';
begin
execute immediate query_txt bulk collect into ret using p_colname, p_tablename;
return ret;
end select_custom;
As you can see, this is not that general as wanted, but still not working, it says the table doesn't exist, even when I try to run it with an existing table.
Exactly, it won't work that way. You'll have to concatenate table and column name into the select statement. For (simple) example:
SQL> create or replace type table_res_obj as object
2 (ename varchar2(20));
3 /
Type created.
SQL> create or replace type table_ret as table of table_res_obj;
2 /
Type created.
SQL> create or replace function select_custom
2 (p_tablename varchar2, p_colname varchar2 )
3 return table_ret
4 is
5 ret table_ret;
6 query_txt varchar2(100);
7 begin
8 query_txt := 'select table_res_obj(' || dbms_assert.simple_sql_name(p_colname) ||') from ' ||
9 dbms_assert.sql_object_name(p_tablename);
10 execute immediate query_txt bulk collect into ret;
11 return ret;
12 end select_custom;
13 /
Function created.
Does it work?
SQL> select select_custom('dept', 'deptno') from dual;
SELECT_CUSTOM('DEPT','DEPTNO')(ENAME)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLE_RET(TABLE_RES_OBJ('10'), TABLE_RES_OBJ('20'), TABLE_RES_OBJ('30'), TABLE_R
ES_OBJ('40'))
SQL>
I am running the following in the Scott schema:
SET serveroutput ON;
BEGIN
FOR c_Emp IN (SELECT * FROM emp)
LOOP
dbms_output.put_line('The record processed by the cursor ' || c_Emp%rowcount);
END LOOP;
end;
This gives the error:
cursor attribute may not be applied to non-cursor 'C_EMP'
However if this is done using an explicit cursor it works fine:
set serveroutput on ;
DECLARE
emp_record emp%ROWTYPE;
count_variable NUMBER;
CURSOR c IS
SELECT * FROM emp;
BEGIN
OPEN c;
loop
fetch c INTO emp_record;
exit WHEN c%notfound;
dbms_output.put_line ('The record count is ' || c%rowcount);
END loop;
close c;
end;
Just want to understand : whether while using the CURSOR FOR LOOP, is the index variable not a cursor attribute, if so why? could someone plz expalin this....
c_Emp is not the cursor, its a record with felds for each column in the SELECT statment
c_Emp is similar to the emp_record from your second example.
Even while using a FOR loop the cursor has to be explicitly defined.
A sample use of FOR loop with a cursor would look like below:
declare
cursor c1 is select a from table;
begin
FOR b in c1
loop
<required logic>
end loop;
end;
To get the index in a for loop, you can add the rownum pseudocolumn in the select clause of implicit cursor.
SET serveroutput ON;
BEGIN
FOR c_Emp IN (SELECT e.*, rownum FROM emp e)
LOOP
dbms_output.put_line('The record processed by the cursor ' || c_Emp.rownum);
END LOOP;
end;
Try this:
SET serveroutput ON;
DECLARE
x NUMBER :=0 ;
BEGIN
FOR c_Emp IN (SELECT * FROM emp)
LOOP
x := x+1;
dbms_output.put_line('The record processed by the cursor ' || x);
END LOOP;
-----
IF x>0 THEN
dbms_output.put_line('Cursr was opened');
ELSE
dbms_output.put_line('Cursr was not opened');
END IF;
end;
SQL> create table product(
2 product_id number(4) not null,
3 product_description varchar2(20) not null
4 );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> insert into product values (1,'Java');
1 row created.
SQL> insert into product values (2,'Oracle');
1 row created.
SQL> insert into product values (3,'C#');
1 row created.
SQL> insert into product values (4,'Javascript');
1 row created.
SQL> insert into product values (5,'Python');
1 row created.
SQL> create table company(
2 product_id number(4) not null,
3 company_id NUMBER(8) not null,
4 company_short_name varchar2(30) not null,
5 company_long_name varchar2(60)
6 );
Table created.
SQL> insert into company values(1,1001,'A Inc.','Long Name A Inc.');
1 row created.
SQL> insert into company values(1,1002,'B Inc.','Long Name B Inc.');
1 row created.
SQL> insert into company values(1,1003,'C Inc.','Long Name C Inc.');
1 row created.
SQL> insert into company values(2,1004,'D Inc.','Long Name D Inc.');
1 row created.
SQL> insert into company values(2,1005,'E Inc.','Long Name E Inc.');
1 row created.
SQL> insert into company values(2,1006,'F Inc.','Long Name F Inc.');
1 row created.
SQL> DECLARE
2 CURSOR cursorValue IS
3 SELECT h.product_description,o.company_short_name FROM company o,product h
4 WHERE o.product_id =h.product_id
5 ORDER by 2;
6 num_total_rows NUMBER;
7 BEGIN
8
9 FOR idx IN cursorValue LOOP
10 dbms_output.put_line(rpad(idx.product_description,20,' ')||' '||
11 rpad(idx.company_short_name,30,' '));
12
13 num_total_rows :=cursorValue%ROWCOUNT;
14 END LOOP;
15 IF num_total_rows >0 THEN
16 dbms_output.new_line;
17 dbms_output.put_line('Total Organizations = '||to_char(num_total_rows));
18 END IF;
19 END;
20 /
Java A Inc.
Java B Inc.
Java C Inc.
Oracle D Inc.
Oracle E Inc.
Oracle F Inc.
Total Organizations = 6
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> drop table product;
Table dropped.
SQL> drop table company;
Table dropped.
enter code here