is there a way to get an object from a collection of a specific subtype when subtype is only known at run time? something like:
class A
{}
class B : A
{}
class C : A
{}
Main()
{
List<A> outsideList = new List<A>() {new A(), new B(), new C()};
foreach(var ojb in outsideList)
{
dosomethingwithanobject(ojb);
}
}
void dosomethingwithanobject(A obj)
{
List<A> intenalList = new List<A>() { new C(), new A(), new B()};
// this can be A, B or C
type DESIREDTYPE = typeof(obj);
var item = list.GetSubType<DESIREDTYPE>().FirstOrDefault();
// do something with the item
}
I think you can use the the following code:
var result = intenalList.Where(x => x.GetType() == obj.GetType()).FirstOrDefault();
LINQ has two operations for transforming a sequence of unknown (or parent) types to subtypes: Cast and OfType.
Cast applies the type conversion to each element and fails if it is invalid.
OfType only returns the elements that can be converted to the new type.
So,
var item = list.OfType<DESIREDTYPE>().FirstOrDefault();
Related
I have a generic func that takes a string of fields and selects them from an object using linq. However the output is not type of object but a subset of. So to convert this new List<subsetOfOriginal> to a DataTable, I cannot use list.GetType() because it will get me Original.
I have converted
Func<T, T> CreateSelectStatement<T>(string fields)
to
Func<T, S> CreateSelectStatement<T, S>(string fields)
because I don't want TResult to be of type T. Not sure if this is the correct way. This is the code I have at the moment and how it is invoked.
Func<T, S> CreateSelectStatement<T, S>(string fields)
{
var xParameter = Expression.Parameter(typeof(T), "o");
var xNew = Expression.New(typeof(T));
var bindings = fields.Split(',').Select(o => o.Trim())
.Select(o => {
var mi = typeof(T).GetProperty(o);
var xOriginal = Expression.Property(xParameter, mi);
return Expression.Bind(mi, xOriginal);
}
);
var xInit = Expression.MemberInit(xNew, bindings);
var lambda = Expression.Lambda<Func<T, S>>(xInit, xParameter);
return lambda.Compile();
}
and then to invoke it I'm using
CreateSelectStatement<SP_ProjectAnalysis_NP, dynamic>(columns)
Expected outcome should be the fields that are loading correctly but the type of the object is as if I used p => new { }. Currently I am getting object as the return type and trying to perform the following gets me 0 properties:
private static DataTable ToDataTable<T>(IList<T> list, string tableName = "table")
{
PropertyDescriptorCollection props = TypeDescriptor.GetProperties(typeof(T));
I have chosen to create an anonymous type for temporary projection in a LINQ Join query. I am using ExpressionTrees, to build the query at runtime. I donot know if the following code would help me with creating a temporary projected sequence.
Here is the code that does the temporary Projection:
private Expression<Func<EntityObject, EntityObject,dynamic>> TempProjectionExpression
{
get
{
return (o, p) => new
{
o = o,
p = p
};
}
}
My Join Query using Expression Trees is given below.
public IQueryable<dynamic> GetQueryExpressionresults3<T, U, V>(IQueryable<T> aEntityCollection1, IQueryable<U> aEntityCollection2, Type[] _TypeArguments ,V _anonymousType, string aPropertyName)
where T : EntityObject
where U : EntityObject
{
ParameterExpression pe = Expression.Parameter(typeof(U), "o");
ParameterExpression pe1 = Expression.Parameter(typeof(T), "p");
//This should be populated from UI
Expression me = Expression.Property(pe1, typeof(T).GetProperty(aPropertyName));
//This should be populated from UI
Expression me1 = Expression.Property(pe, typeof(U).GetProperty(aPropertyName));
LambdaExpression le = Expression.Lambda<Func<T, int>>(me, new ParameterExpression[] { pe1 });
LambdaExpression le1 = Expression.Lambda<Func<U, int>>(me1, new ParameterExpression[] { pe });
_TypeArguments = new Type[] { aEntityCollection1 .ElementType, aEntityCollection2.ElementType, le.Body.Type, typeof(MovieCollections)};
//_TypeArguments = _TypeArguments.Concat(new Type[] { le.Body.Type, typeof(object) }).ToArray();
MethodCallExpression JoinCallExpression = Expression.Call(typeof(Queryable), "Join", _TypeArguments, aEntityCollection1.Expression, aEntityCollection2.Expression
, le, le1, TempProjectionExpression);
var oResult = aEntityCollection1.Provider.CreateQuery(JoinCallExpression) as IQueryable<dynamic>;
return oResult;
}
Now the question is, i would like to determine the return type of the TempProjectionExpression, i.e. typeof(dynamic). Is this possible? If yes, then how?
typeof(dynamic) can't do any better than System.Object (which the compiler won't even try to do) which isn't a very interesting result.
You can use returnedResult.GetType(), though, to get its runtime type.
Since dynamic puts off type resolution to runtime, there's no way to tell what the return is before something is actually returned without doing type analysis on your expression tree worthy of the C# compiler itself.
I'm building a LINQ-based query generator.
One of the features is being able to specify an arbitrary server-side projection as part of the query definition. For example:
class CustomerSearch : SearchDefinition<Customer>
{
protected override Expression<Func<Customer, object>> GetProjection()
{
return x => new
{
Name = x.Name,
Agent = x.Agent.Code
Sales = x.Orders.Sum(o => o.Amount)
};
}
}
Since the user must then be able to sort on the projection properties (as opposed to Customer properties), I recreate the expression as a Func<Customer,anonymous type> instead of Func<Customer, object>:
//This is a method on SearchDefinition
IQueryable Transform(IQueryable source)
{
var projection = GetProjection();
var properProjection = Expression.Lambda(projection.Body,
projection.Parameters.Single());
In order to return the projected query, I'd love to be able to do this (which, in fact, works in an almost identical proof of concept):
return Queryable.Select((IQueryable<TRoot>)source, (dynamic)properProjection);
TRoot is the type parameter in SearchDefinition. This results in the following exception:
Microsoft.CSharp.RuntimeBinder.RuntimeBinderException:
The best overloaded method match for
'System.Linq.Queryable.Select<Customer,object>(System.Linq.IQueryable<Customer>,
System.Linq.Expressions.Expression<System.Func<Customer,object>>)'
has some invalid arguments
at CallSite.Target(Closure , CallSite , Type , IQueryable`1 , Object )
at System.Dynamic.UpdateDelegates.UpdateAndExecute3[T0,T1,T2,TRet]
(CallSite site, T0 arg0, T1 arg1, T2 arg2)
at SearchDefinition`1.Transform(IQueryable source) in ...
If you look closely, it's inferring the generic parameters incorrectly: Customer,object instead of Customer,anonymous type, which is the actual type of the properProjection expression (double-checked)
My workaround is using reflection. But with generic arguments, it's a real mess:
var genericSelectMethod = typeof(Queryable).GetMethods().Single(
x => x.Name == "Select" &&
x.GetParameters()[1].ParameterType.GetGenericArguments()[0]
.GetGenericArguments().Length == 2);
var selectMethod = genericSelectMethod.MakeGenericMethod(source.ElementType,
projectionBody.Type);
return (IQueryable)selectMethod.Invoke(null, new object[]{ source, projection });
Does anyone know of a better way?
Update: the reason why dynamic fails is that anonymous types are defined as internal. That's why it worked using a proof-of-concept project, where everything was in the same assembly.
I'm cool with that. I'd still like to find a cleaner way to find the right Queryable.Select overload.
The fix is so simple it hurts:
[assembly: InternalsVisibleTo("My.Search.Lib.Assembly")]
Here's my test as requested. This on a Northwind database and this works fine for me.
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var dc = new NorthwindDataContext();
var source = dc.Categories;
Expression<Func<Category, object>> expr =
c => new
{
c.CategoryID,
c.CategoryName,
};
var oldParameter = expr.Parameters.Single();
var parameter = Expression.Parameter(oldParameter.Type, oldParameter.Name);
var body = expr.Body;
body = RebindParameter(body, oldParameter, parameter);
Console.WriteLine("Parameter Type: {0}", parameter.Type);
Console.WriteLine("Body Type: {0}", body.Type);
var newExpr = Expression.Lambda(body, parameter);
Console.WriteLine("Old Expression Type: {0}", expr.Type);
Console.WriteLine("New Expression Type: {0}", newExpr.Type);
var query = Queryable.Select(source, (dynamic)newExpr);
Console.WriteLine(query);
foreach (var item in query)
{
Console.WriteLine(item);
Console.WriteLine("\t{0}", item.CategoryID.GetType());
Console.WriteLine("\t{0}", item.CategoryName.GetType());
}
Console.Write("Press any key to continue . . . ");
Console.ReadKey(true);
Console.WriteLine();
}
static Expression RebindParameter(Expression expr, ParameterExpression oldParam, ParameterExpression newParam)
{
switch (expr.NodeType)
{
case ExpressionType.Parameter:
var parameterExpression = expr as ParameterExpression;
return (parameterExpression.Name == oldParam.Name)
? newParam
: parameterExpression;
case ExpressionType.MemberAccess:
var memberExpression = expr as MemberExpression;
return memberExpression.Update(
RebindParameter(memberExpression.Expression, oldParam, newParam));
case ExpressionType.AndAlso:
case ExpressionType.OrElse:
case ExpressionType.Equal:
case ExpressionType.NotEqual:
case ExpressionType.LessThan:
case ExpressionType.LessThanOrEqual:
case ExpressionType.GreaterThan:
case ExpressionType.GreaterThanOrEqual:
var binaryExpression = expr as BinaryExpression;
return binaryExpression.Update(
RebindParameter(binaryExpression.Left, oldParam, newParam),
binaryExpression.Conversion,
RebindParameter(binaryExpression.Right, oldParam, newParam));
case ExpressionType.New:
var newExpression = expr as NewExpression;
return newExpression.Update(
newExpression.Arguments
.Select(arg => RebindParameter(arg, oldParam, newParam)));
case ExpressionType.Call:
var methodCallExpression = expr as MethodCallExpression;
return methodCallExpression.Update(
RebindParameter(methodCallExpression.Object, oldParam, newParam),
methodCallExpression.Arguments
.Select(arg => RebindParameter(arg, oldParam, newParam)));
default:
return expr;
}
}
Also, dynamic method resolution doesn't really do much for you in this case as there are only two very distinct overloads of Select(). Ultimately you just need to remember that you won't have any static type checking on your results since you don't have any static type information. With that said, this will also work for you (using the above code example):
var query = Queryable.Select(source, expr).Cast<dynamic>();
Console.WriteLine(query);
foreach (var item in query)
{
Console.WriteLine(item);
Console.WriteLine("\t{0}", item.CategoryID.GetType());
Console.WriteLine("\t{0}", item.CategoryName.GetType());
}
I have a collection of CLR objects. The class definition for the object has three properties: FirstName, LastName, BirthDate.
I have a string that reflects the name of the property the collection should be sorted by. In addition, I have a sorting direction. How do I dynamically apply this sorting information to my collection? Please note that sorting could be multi-layer, so for instance I could sort by LastName, and then by FirstName.
Currently, I'm trying the following without any luck:
var results = myCollection.OrderBy(sortProperty);
However, I'm getting a message that says:
... does not contain a defintion for 'OrderBy' and the best extension method overload ... has some invalid arguments.
Okay, my argument with SLaks in his comments has compelled me to come up with an answer :)
I'm assuming that you only need to support LINQ to Objects. Here's some code which needs significant amounts of validation adding, but does work:
// We want the overload which doesn't take an EqualityComparer.
private static MethodInfo OrderByMethod = typeof(Enumerable)
.GetMethods(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Static)
.Where(method => method.Name == "OrderBy"
&& method.GetParameters().Length == 2)
.Single();
public static IOrderedEnumerable<TSource> OrderByProperty<TSource>(
this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
string propertyName)
{
// TODO: Lots of validation :)
PropertyInfo property = typeof(TSource).GetProperty(propertyName);
MethodInfo getter = property.GetGetMethod();
Type propType = property.PropertyType;
Type funcType = typeof(Func<,>).MakeGenericType(typeof(TSource), propType);
Delegate func = Delegate.CreateDelegate(funcType, getter);
MethodInfo constructedMethod = OrderByMethod.MakeGenericMethod(
typeof(TSource), propType);
return (IOrderedEnumerable<TSource>) constructedMethod.Invoke(null,
new object[] { source, func });
}
Test code:
string[] foo = new string[] { "Jon", "Holly", "Tom", "William", "Robin" };
foreach (string x in foo.OrderByProperty("Length"))
{
Console.WriteLine(x);
}
Output:
Jon
Tom
Holly
Robin
William
It even returns an IOrderedEnumerable<TSource> so you can chain ThenBy clauses on as normal :)
You need to build an Expression Tree and pass it to OrderBy.
It would look something like this:
var param = Expression.Parameter(typeof(MyClass));
var expression = Expression.Lambda<Func<MyClass, PropertyType>>(
Expression.Property(param, sortProperty),
param
);
Alternatively, you can use Dynamic LINQ, which will allow your code to work as-is.
protected void sort_grd(object sender, GridViewSortEventArgs e)
{
if (Convert.ToBoolean(ViewState["order"]) == true)
{
ViewState["order"] = false;
}
else
{
ViewState["order"] = true;
}
ViewState["SortExp"] = e.SortExpression;
dataBind(Convert.ToBoolean(ViewState["order"]), e.SortExpression);
}
public void dataBind(bool ord, string SortExp)
{
var db = new DataClasses1DataContext(); //linq to sql class
var Name = from Ban in db.tbl_Names.AsEnumerable()
select new
{
First_Name = Ban.Banner_Name,
Last_Name = Ban.Banner_Project
};
if (ord)
{
Name = BannerName.OrderBy(q => q.GetType().GetProperty(SortExp).GetValue(q, null));
}
else
{
Name = BannerName.OrderByDescending(q => q.GetType().GetProperty(SortExp).GetValue(q, null));
}
grdSelectColumn.DataSource = Name ;
grdSelectColumn.DataBind();
}
you can do this with Linq
var results = from c in myCollection
orderby c.SortProperty
select c;
For dynamic sorting you could evaluate the string i.e. something like
List<MyObject> foo = new List<MyObject>();
string sortProperty = "LastName";
var result = foo.OrderBy(x =>
{
if (sortProperty == "LastName")
return x.LastName;
else
return x.FirstName;
});
For a more generic solution see this SO thread: Strongly typed dynamic Linq sorting
For this sort of dynamic work I've been using the Dynamic LINQ library which makes this sort of thing easy:
http://weblogs.asp.net/scottgu/archive/2008/01/07/dynamic-linq-part-1-using-the-linq-dynamic-query-library.aspx
http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/vcsharp/bb894665.aspx
You can copy paste the method I post in that answer, and change the signature/method names:
How to make the position of a LINQ Query SELECT variable
You can actually use your original line of code
var results = myCollection.OrderBy(sortProperty);
simply by using the System.Linq.Dynamic library.
If you get a compiler error (something like cannot convert from or does not contain a definition...) you may have to do it like this:
var results = myCollection.AsQueryable().OrderBy(sortProperty);
No need for any expression trees or data binding.
You will need to use reflection to get the PropertyInfo, and then use that to build an expression tree. Something like this:
var entityType = typeof(TEntity);
var prop = entityType.GetProperty(sortProperty);
var param = Expression.Parameter(entityType, "x");
var access = Expression.Lambda(Expression.MakeMemberAccess(param, prop), param);
var ordered = (IOrderedQueryable<TEntity>) Queryable.OrderBy(
myCollection,
(dynamic) access);
How do I transform this IEnumerable<KeyValuePair<MyType, IEnumerable<OtherType>>> into new
sequence of the same type, except I just want First() that is in the value (IEnumerable<OtherType>). Something like this (pseudo code):
var toReturn = from kv in source
let k = new KeyValuePair(kv.Key, kv.Value.First())
select k;
I'm unsure if you want the Value in the new KeyValuePair to be an enumerable of that type or a single element. Here's both versions
IEnumerable version
var toReturn = source.Select(x => new KeyValuePair<SomeType,IEnumerable<SomeOtherType>>(x.Key, x.Value.Take(1));
Non-Enumerable Version
var toReturn = source.Select(x => new KeyValuePair<SomeType,SomeOtherType>(x.Key,x.Value.First());
All you're missing is the type of KeyValuePair to use. You could use Jared's lambda expression version, or if you like the query expression syntax:
var toReturn = from kv in source
select new KeyValuePair<MyType, OtherType>(kv.Key,
kv.Value.First());
If you don't want to explicitly specify the type arguments, you could create your own helper class and use type inference:
// Non-generic helper class.
public static class KeyValuePair
{
public static KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue> Of(TKey key, TValue value)
{
return new KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>(key, value);
}
}
at which point your query becomes:
var toReturn = from kv in source
select KeyValuePair.Of(kv.Key, kv.Value.First());
or
var toReturn = source.Select(kv => KeyValuePair.Of(kv.Key, kv.Value.First());
EDIT: Oops - I think I'd misread your question as well. If you want it to be of the exact same type, i.e. with the value being enumerable too, just use Take(1) instead of First():
var toReturn = source.Select(kv => KeyValuePair.Of(kv.Key, kv.Value.Take(1));
(Isn't type inference lovely? :)
var toReturn = source
.ToDictionary(
kvp => kvp.Key,
kvp => kvp.Value.Take(1)
);
Why do you want to get a collection of the same type? When you just have the first element, you don't need a collection (IEnumerable<OtherType>) but a single value (OtherType).
This (like the one you posted) should be correct (you will just need to add generic parameters for the KeyValuePair)
var toReturn = from kv in source select new KeyValuePair<SomeType, OtherType>(kv.Key, kv.Value.First());
If you really want to get a collection of the same type, write
var toReturn = from kv in source select new KeyValuePair<SomeType, IEnumerable<OtherType>>(kv.Key, new [] { kv.Value.First() });
Note: You don't need to give explicit type arguments to the KeyValuePair when you wrap this into a generic function.
KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue> Pair<TKey, TValue>(TKey key, TValue value) {
return new KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>(key, value);
}
//
var foo = Pair(1, "Hello");