PostgreSQL: execute query from script - bash

Question

I'm installing PostgreSQL + POSTGIS on a CentOS 7 virtual machine using Vagrant and Virtual Box.
My Vagtantfile is the follow ...
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
config.vm.box = "centos/7"
config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.56.2"
config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
vb.memory = "4096"
vb.name = "Test"
end
config.vm.provision "shell", path: "./scripts/InstallPostgresqlPostgis.sh"
end
In ./scripts/InstallPostgresqlPostgis.sh there are all the commands to install PostgreSQL and, when run, PostgreSQL is installed and works.
To add POSTGIS at my PostgreSQL installation, in interactive way, I use this procedure
su postgres
----->>>>>>> HERE I'VE TO PUT THE USER PASSWORD <<<<<<<-------
psql
-- Enable PostGIS (includes raster)
CREATE EXTENSION postgis;
-- Enable Topology
CREATE EXTENSION postgis_topology;
-- Enable PostGIS Advanced 3D
-- and other geoprocessing algorithms
-- sfcgal not available with all distributions
CREATE EXTENSION postgis_sfcgal;
-- fuzzy matching needed for Tiger
CREATE EXTENSION fuzzystrmatch;
-- rule based standardizer
CREATE EXTENSION address_standardizer;
-- example rule data set
CREATE EXTENSION address_standardizer_data_us;
-- Enable US Tiger Geocoder
CREATE EXTENSION postgis_tiger_geocoder;
\q
and all works.
I've to "translate" this procedure in my InstallPostgresqlPostgis.sh that I refer in my Vagrantfile and I've tried this
sudo -u postgres -H -- psql -d postgres -c "CREATE EXTENSION postgis"
sudo -u postgres -H -- psql -d postgres -c "CREATE EXTENSION postgis_topology"
sudo -u postgres -H -- psql -d postgres -c "CREATE EXTENSION postgis_sfcgal"
sudo -u postgres -H -- psql -d postgres -c "CREATE EXTENSION fuzzystrmatch"
sudo -u postgres -H -- psql -d postgres -c "CREATE EXTENSION address_standardizer"
sudo -u postgres -H -- psql -d postgres -c "CREATE EXTENSION address_standardizer_data_us"
sudo -u postgres -H -- psql -d postgres -c "CREATE EXTENSION postgis_tiger_geocoder"
but the result is ...
default: could not change directory to "/home/vagrant": Permission denied
default: CREATE EXTENSION
default: could not change directory to "/home/vagrant": Permission denied
default: CREATE EXTENSION
default: could not change directory to "/home/vagrant": Permission denied
default: CREATE EXTENSION
default: could not change directory to "/home/vagrant": Permission denied
default: CREATE EXTENSION
default: could not change directory to "/home/vagrant": Permission denied
default: CREATE EXTENSION
default: could not change directory to "/home/vagrant": Permission denied
default: CREATE EXTENSION
default: could not change directory to "/home/vagrant": Permission denied
default: CREATE EXTENSION
Where am I doing wrong?

Answer 1

Your problem is that you are executing the commands with a working directory
that is not accessible to postgres user. In fact it is the home directory of the user executing the commands (vagrant).
There are three approaches for fixing this issue:
use --login (or -i for short) option to sudo
This will cause sudo to execute the commands with settings similar to a login shell.
Especially this will (try) changing to the target user's home directory as a working directory.
change the working directory within your script using cd ~postgres
This will result in all sudo commands will being executed there.
Allow user postgres access to the home directory of user vagrant
THIS IS DANGEROUS AND ABSOLUTELY NOT RECOMMENDED!!!
I just mention it for completeness. It might be an option iff
you need such access regularly
and you have some fine grain access control at hand (e.g. ACL)
that allows ensuring postgres really is the only user being granted access.
Even then you should think thrice!
In most cases alternatives 1. or 2. are to be preferred.

Answer 2

I've solved in this way ...
sudo su postgres
sudo -u postgres -H -- psql -d postgres -c "CREATE EXTENSION postgis"
sudo -u postgres -H -- psql -d postgres -c "CREATE EXTENSION postgis_topology"
sudo -u postgres -H -- psql -d postgres -c "CREATE EXTENSION postgis_sfcgal"
sudo -u postgres -H -- psql -d postgres -c "CREATE EXTENSION fuzzystrmatch"
sudo -u postgres -H -- psql -d postgres -c "CREATE EXTENSION address_standardizer"
sudo -u postgres -H -- psql -d postgres -c "CREATE EXTENSION address_standardizer_data_us"
sudo -u postgres -H -- psql -d postgres -c "CREATE EXTENSION postgis_tiger_geocoder"