Anyone knows the fastest way to add image into video at first 20 seconds?
I have tried it, but it seemed like FFMPEG re-encoded the whole video even after 20 seconds which took a long time..
here my code:
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -i logo.png -filter_complex "overlay=5:5:enable='between(t,0,20)'" output.mp4
Fast
Use a faster -preset and stream copy (re-mux) the audio instead of re-encoding it:
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -i logo.png -filter_complex "overlay=5:5:enable='between(t,0,20)'" -preset fast -c:a copy output.mp4
Faster
You could encode the ~20 segment conforming to the same parameters as the main input, then concatenate with the concat demuxer in stream copy mode. However, this will be troublesome because conforming parameters is not trivial for most users, the concat inpoint directive is not guaranteed to seek accurately with non-intra inputs, and you could end up with timestamp issues anyway.
Fastest
The most fastest way is to use a player to overlay the logo:
mpv --lavfi-complex="[vid1][vid2]overlay=5:5:enable='between(t,0,20)[vo]" video.mp4 --external-file=image.png
Related
I use this command to crop a few seconds of mkv/mp4 videos. Sometimes it works perfectly fine.
But other times the output file which is in mp4 format only contains the audio. How can I fix it?
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -ss 01:10:15 -to 01:10:20 -c:v copy -c:a copy output.mp4
Don't use -c:v copy -c:a copy Re-encode it.
Direct stream copy copies the GOP (Group of pictures) chunks of the structure of file (from the first I-frame to the last P or B-frame).
Presumably your time is too short, less than one chunk of GOP.
Before posting I have searched and found similar questions on stackoverflow (I list some below) - none have helped me towards a solution, hence this post. The duration that each image is shown within the movie file differs from many posts that I have seen thus far.
A camera captures 1 image every 30 seconds. I need stream them, preferably via HLS, thus I wrap 2 images in an MP4. I then convert MP4 to mpegts. Each MP4 and TS file play fine individually (each contain two images, each image transitions after 30seconds, each movie file is 1minute long).
When I reference the two TS files in an M3U8 playlist, only the first TS file gets played. Can anyone advise why it stops and how I can get it to play all the TS files that I expect to create, not just the first TS file? Besides my ffmpeg commands, I also include my VLC log file (though I expect to stream to Firefox/Chrome clients). I am using ffmpeg 4.2.2-static installed on an AWS EC2 with AMI2 Linux.
I have four jpgs named image11.jpg, image12.jpg, image21.jpg, image22.jpg - The images look near identical as only the timestamp in top left changes.
The following command creates 1.mp4, using image11.jpg and image12.jpg, each image displayed for 30 seconds, total duration of the mp4 is 1 minute. It plays like expected.
ffmpeg -y -framerate 1/30 -f image2 -i image1%1d.jpg -c:v libx264 -vf "fps=1,format=yuvj420p" 1.mp4
I then convert 1.mp4 to an mpegts file, creating 1.ts. It plays like expected.
ffmpeg -y -i 1.mp4 -c:v libx264 -vbsf h264_mp4toannexb -flags -global_header -f mpegts 1.ts
I repeat the above steps except specific to image21.jpg and image22.jpg, creating 2.mp4 and 2.ts
ffmpeg -y -framerate 1/30 -f image2 -i image1%1d.jpg -c:v libx264 -vf "fps=1,format=yuvj420p" 2.mp4
ffmpeg -y -i 1.mp4 -c:v libx264 -vbsf h264_mp4toannexb -flags -global_header -f mpegts 2.ts
Thus now I have 1.mp4, 1.ts, 2.mp4, 2.ts and all four play individually just fine.
Using ffprobe I can confirm their duration is 60seconds, for example:
ffprobe -i 1.ts -v quiet -show_entries format=duration -hide_banner -print_format json
My m3u8 playlist follows:
#EXTM3U
#EXT-X-VERSION:4
#EXT-X-PLAYLIST-TYPE:VOD
#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:1
#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:60.000
#EXTINF:60.0000,
1.ts
#EXTINF:60.000,
2.ts
#EXT-X-ENDLIST
Can anyone advise where I am going wrong?
VLC Error Log (though I expect to play via web browser)
I have researched the process using these (and other pages) as a guide:
How to create a video from images with ffmpeg
convert from jpg to mp4 by ffmpeg
ffmpeg examples page
FFMPEG An Intermediate Guide/image sequence
How to use FFmpeg to convert images to video
Take a look at the start_pts/start_time in the ffprobe -show_streams output, my guess is that they all start at zero/near-zero which will cause playback to fail after your first segment.
You can still produce them independently but you will want to use something like -output_ts_offset to correctly set the timestamps for subsequent segments.
The following solution works well for me. I have tested it uninterrupted for more than two hours and believe it ticks all my boxes. (Edited because I forgot the all important -re tag)
ffmpeg will loop continuously, reading test.jpg and stream it to my RTMP server. When my camera posts an image every 30seconds, I copy the new image on top of the existing test.jpg which in effect changes what is streamed out.
Note the command below is all one line, I have put new lines in to assist reading and The order of the parameters are important - the loop and fflags genpts for example must appear before the -i parameter
ffmpeg
-re
-loop 1
-fflags +genpts
-framerate 1/30
-i test.jpg
-c:v libx264
-vf fps=25
-pix_fmt yuvj420p
-crf 30
-f fifo -attempt_recovery 1 -recovery_wait_time 1
-f flv rtmp://localhost:5555/video/test
Some arguments explained:
-re implies play in real time
loop 1 (1 turns the loop on, 0 off)
-fflags +genpts is something I only half understand. PTS I believe is the start/end time of the segment and without this flag, the PTS is reset to zero with every new image. Using this arguement means I avoid EXT-X-DISCONTINUITY when a new image is served.
-framerate 1/30 means one frame for 30seconds
-i test.jpg is my image 'placeholder'. As new images are received via a separate script, it overwrites this image. When combined with loop it means the ffmpeg output will reference the new image.
-c:v libx264 is for H264 video output formating
-vf fps=25 Removing this, or using a different value resulted in my output stream not being 30seconds.
-pix_fmt yuvj420p (sometimes I have seen yuv420p referenced but this did not work on my environment). I believe there are different jpg colour palettes and this switch ensures I can process a wider choice.
-crf 30 implies highest quality image, lowest compression (important for my client)
-f fifo -attempt_recovery 1 -recovery_wait_time 1 -f flv rtmp://localhost:5555/video/test is part of the magic to go with loop. I believe it keeps the connection open with my stream server, reduces the risk of DISCONTINUITY in the play list.
I hope this helps someone going forward.
The following links helped nudge me forward and I share as it might help others to improve upon my solution
Creating a video from a single image for a specific duration in ffmpeg
How can I loop one frame with ffmpeg? All the other frames should point to the first with no changes, maybe like a recusion
Display images on video at specific framerate with loop using FFmpeg
Loop image ffmpeg HLS
https://trac.ffmpeg.org/wiki/Slideshow
https://superuser.com/questions/1699893/generate-ts-stream-from-image-file
https://ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg-formats.html#Examples-3
https://trac.ffmpeg.org/wiki/StreamingGuide
I'd like to achieve two things without re-encoding the whole video stream:
Extend a video by freezing the last frame for a given duration.
Extend a video by freezing a frame at a given timestamp for a given duration.
Currently I'm using ffmpeg -i in.mp4 -vf tpad=stop_mode=clone:stop_duration=5 out.mp4 but it requires encoding the whole video stream and only allows freezing the last frame of the stream. To get my desired result I need to split the video into segments, extract the last second of a segment to a separate file (so I re-encode just that part), run the above command on it and then merge all the segments back with concat demuxer.
Is there any better and simpler way to achieve the above?
To 'extend' the the last frame, extend the audio stream by padding it.
ffmpeg -i in.mp4 -c:v copy -af apad -t 5 out.mp4
If there's no existing audio stream, add one
ffmpeg -i in.mp4 -f lavfi -i anullsrc -c:v copy -af apad -t 5 out.mp4
For pausing a frame in the middle with minimal re-encoding , segmenting + concat is indeed the way to go
Machine learning algorithms for video processing typically work on frames (images) rather than video.
In my work, I use ffmpeg to dump a specific scene as a sequence of .png files, process them in some way (denoise, deblur, colorize, annotate, inpainting, etc), output the results into an equal number of .png files, and then update the original video with the new frames.
This works well with constant frame-rate (CFR) video. I dump the images as so (eg, 50-frame sequence starting at 1:47):
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "select='gte(t,107)*lt(selected_n,50)'" -vsync passthrough '107+%06d.png'
And then after editing the images, I replace the originals as so (for a 12.5fps CFR video):
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -itsoffset 107 -framerate 25/2 -i '107+%06d.png' -filter_complex "[0]overlay=eof_action=pass" -vsync passthrough -c:a copy output.mp4
However, many of the videos I work with are variable frame-rate (VFR), and this has created some challenges.
A simple solution is to convert VFR video to CFR, which ffmpeg wants to do anyway, but I'm wondering if it's possible to avoid this. The reason is that CFR requires either dropping frames - since the purpose of ML video processing is usually to improve the output, I'd like to avoid this - or duplicating frames - but an upscaling algorithm that I'm working with right now uses the previous and next frame for data - if the previous or next frame is a duplicate, then ... no data for upscaling.
With -vsync passthrough, I had hoped that I could simply remove the -framerate option, and preserve the original frames as-is, but the resulting command:
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -itsoffset 107 -i '107+%06d.png' -filter_complex "[0]overlay=eof_action=pass" -vsync passthrough -c:a copy output.mp4
uses ffmpeg's default of 25fps, and drops a lot of frames. Is there a reliable way to replace frames in VFR video?
Yes, it can be done, but it's complicated. It is crucial that the overlay video have exactly the same frame timestamps as the underlay video for this process to work reliably. Generating such a VFR video segment overlay requires capturing the frame timestamps from the source video to generate a precisely timed replacement segment.
The short version of the process is to replace the above commands with the following to extract the images:
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "select='gte(t,107)*lt(selected_n,50)',showinfo" -vsync passthrough '107+%06d.png' 2>&1 | 'sed s/\r/\n/g' | showinfo2concat.py --prefix="107+" >concat.txt
This requires a script that can be downloaded here. After editing the images, update the source video with:
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -f concat -safe 0 -i concat.txt -filter_complex"[1]settb=1/90000,setpts=9644455+PTS*25/90000[o];[0:v:0][o]overlay=eof_action=pass" -vsync passthrough -r 90000 output.mp4
Where 90000 is the timescale (inverse of timebase), and 9644455 is the PTS of the first frame to replace.
See the source for more details about what these commands actually do.
i'm first burning subtitles of mkv and then adding watermark which is taking so long to convert one video. It takes like x2 time i guess. For example on my current server it takes 30 min on each command. My server may not be good enough. But i was thinking if there way to do this in one command instead? will it effect the speed? i really have almost zero knowledge on ffmpeg:
here is command for burning subtitle. I'm using python for achieving this:
ffmpeg -i subtitles=/Users/Test/Desktop/test.mkv -vf subtitles=subtitles=subtitles=/Users/Test/Desktop/test.mkv -c:v libx264 -c:a aac -preset ultrafast -strict -2 /Users/Test/Desktop/test.mp4
command for adding watermark:
ffmpeg -i /Users/Test/Desktop/test.mp4 -i /Users/Test/Desktop/watermark-logo.png -filter_complex "[1][0]scale2ref=w='iw*10/100':h='ow/mdar'[wm][vid]; [vid][wm]overlay=main_w-overlay_w-5:main_h-overlay_h-5" /Users/Test/Desktop/output.mp4
If there are more ways to speed up then kindly let me know. All i want to achieve this faster and expecting best result.
Thank you.
First apply the subtitles on the video and then feed that to scale2ref inside the complex filtergraph.
Use
ffmpeg -i /Users/Test/Desktop/test.mkv -i /Users/Test/Desktop/watermark-logo.png -filter_complex "[0]subtitles=/Users/Test/Desktop/test.mkv[v];[1][v]scale2ref=w='iw*10/100':h='ow/mdar'[wm][vid]; [vid][wm]overlay=main_w-overlay_w-5:main_h-overlay_h-5" -preset fast /Users/Test/Desktop/output.mp4