I'm trying to make an executable file (bash script) to show me a notification and shutdown my computer when a process is not found.
I will run the script as a Startup Application and I'm using the notify-send and shutdown commands in this script.
The problem is:
(1) If I add myfolder/myscript to the Startup Applications list it can't run the shutdown command (root password is required for this)
(2) If I add the script sudo myfolder/myscript it can't show the notifications via notify-send application.
I've already done a lot of searching around the internet and tried these steps:
(1) Added the script path or /sbin/shutdown to the sudores via sudo visudo
(2) Added su - $USER -c "DISPLAY=$DISPLAY DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:path=/run/user/$UID/bus before notify-send command (I found some users reporting that root can't send notifications)`
So... none of them worked. What I'm missing?
What can be done to display notifications AND shutdown?
Here is my code:
#!/bin/bash
#Search for a specific process and sleep if it is found (removed for space saving)
shut_time=$(date --date='10 minutes' +"%T")
notify-send -t 600000 "WARNING:
Program is not running.
Shutting down in 10 minutes (scheduled for $shut_time)."
#ALREADY TESTED BELLOW LINES (DON'T WORK)
#su - $USER -c "DISPLAY=$DISPLAY DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:path=/run/user/$UID/bus notify-send -t 600000 'WARNING:
#Program is not running.
#Shutting down in 10 minutes.'"
sudo /sbin/shutdown -h +10 #Tried with our without sudo
I'm running MX Linux 18 (xfce, Debian based).
To execute a terminal or any commands even another bash script within a BASH SCRIPT, all you have to do is simply start with a dollar sign and enclose the whole commands and arguments if any with PARENTHESES as follows.
$(COMMANDS)
In his case, it would be
$(sudo shutdown 10)
The statement above will EXECUTE the SHUTDOWN command for 10 minutes system shutdown and spit out the actual date and time the system will be automatically shutdown just like you would run this command in a console. There is no need to turn the user into sudoer or superuser. Whenever he runs his bash script as a ROOT USER or using SUDO, he will be PROMPTED to enter the root password. That's all he has to do and the above command will be executed.
Plus, if there is ever a need to capture the output of any command or script, do as follow.
my_shuttime=$(sudo shutdown 10)
I think it lacks an entry for shutdown in the sudoers. Please create a file sudo under /etc/sudoers.d and make the following entry:
[YOURUSER] ALL = (ALL) NOPASSWD: /sbin/shutdown
Replace [YOURUSER] with your user account!
Related
So I am making a script that can run these commands whenever a server boot/reboot:
sudo bash
su - erp
cd frappe-bench/
bench start >/tmp/bench_log &
I found guides here and there about how can I change user in script I came out with the following script:
#! /bin/sh
sudo -u erp bash
cd /home/erp/frappe-bench/
bench start >/tmp/bench_log &
And, I have created a service at /etc/systemd/system/ and set it to run automatically when the server boots up.
The problem is, whenever I run sudo systemctl start erpnextd.service and checked the status, it came up with this
May 24 17:10:05 appbsystem2 systemd[1]: Started ERPNext | Auto Restart.
May 24 17:10:05 appbsystem2 sudo[18814]: root : TTY=unknown ; PWD=/ ; USER=>erp ; COMMAND=/bin/bash
May 24 17:10:05 appbsystem2 systemd[1]: erpnextd.service: Succeeded.
But it still doesn't start up ERPNext.
All I wanted to do is make a script that will start erpnext automatically everytime a server reboot.
Note: I only install frappe-bench on user erp only
Because you are using systemd, you already have all the features from your script available, and better. So you don't even need the script anymore:
[Unit]
Description=...
[Service]
# Run as user erp.
User=erp
# You probably also want to run as group erp, if it exists.
Group=erp
# Change to this directory before executing.
WorkingDirectory=/home/erp/frappe-bench
# Redirect standard output to the given log file.
StandardOutput=file:/tmp/bench_log
# Redirect standard error to the same log file.
StandardError=file:/tmp/bench_log
# Command line for starting the program. Make sure to use an absolute path!
ExecStart=/full/path/to/bench start
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Using crontab (the script will start after every reboot/startup)
#crontab -e
#reboot sh /full/path/to/bench start >/tmp/bench_log
The answer provide by Thomas is very helpful.
However, I found another workaround by adding the path of my script file into the bottom of /etc/rc.local file.
Both method works, just a matter of preference ;)
I'm experiencing this really weird issue which I just can't understand why it is happening. When I execute following command from my shell manually it works.
sudo -u some-user echo "$SSH_KEY" | /home/some-user/.ssh/authorized_keys
however from a bash script it fails with a message we don't have any permissions.
#!/bin/bash
sudo -u some-user echo "$SSH_KEY" | /home/some-user/.ssh/authorized_keys
Is there any bash option to configure, or can someone explain this behavior?
It looks a bit like a bash security thingy for non interactive terminals or something like that, but I lost my creativity to google for the solution.
I'm running Ubuntu 16.04.
After hours of investigation it seems sudo commands where not executed because of the password prompt which does not occur from the script.
The solution was to first run a sudo command before runnning the script or just runnning the whole script as sudo so you can enter the password one time and the other sudo commands are running without password prompts.
I basically want to run a script which is a server but with 10 second delay, it is because I need some stuff to run before this script.
The server is located in the folder /etc/init.d but basically to make it work I go to that path using the command line and I have to restart the server typing:
sudo ./znodejs.sh stop
And then I start the server again:
sudo ./znodejs.sh start
I would like to know if there is any way to run those commands with a delay.
In order to make a script run on startup first make it executable:
$ sudo chmod 755 /etc/init.d/znodejs.sh
Then you can register the script to be run at startup:
$ sudo update-rc.d znodejs.sh defaults
(Edit)
original answer:
the sleep command sill pause for a given number of seconds:
sudo ./znodejs.sh stop
sleep 10
sudo ./znodejs.sh start
The standard unix command for sleeping is called
sleep
to wait a second, use
sleep 1
If a bash script has been executed with sudo, how can a command within the script run as the currently logged in user, instead of root and then revert to root to continue running other commands?
For example: -
#!/usr/bash
touch fileOwnedByRoot.txt
touch fileOwnedByUser.txt
touch otherRootFile.txt
If this script is run with sudo, without changing the order of commands, how can the 2nd touch command be run as the standard user?
The script is only a simple example, so using chmod to change ownership of files created is irrelevant.
The actual script I'm using is being run by an installer, so running with elevated privileges is a requirement, but specific commands must be run as the user running the installer, whose name is not known.
Use su - another_user -c "<command>" to run that specific command:
#!/bin/bash
touch /tmp/f1
su - another_user -c "touch /tmp/f2"
touch /tmp/f3
As commented by chepner below, you need to use $SUDO_USER or $SUDO_UID to get the name of the real user running the sudo command:
su - $SUDO_USER -c "touch /tmp/f2"
This way, the file will be touched by the user running the command.
You can test with:
#!/bin/bash
echo "sudo_user: $SUDO_USER"
echo "sudo_uid: $SUDO_UID"
And run the script either with ./script or sudo ./script. In the second case the values will be populated.
Don't run the script as sudo, just the commands that require elevated privileges.
#!/bin/bash
sudo touch fileOwnedByRoot.txt
touch fileOwnedByUser.txt
sudo touch otherRootFile.txt
According to the man page the environment variable SUDO_USER is set when you run sudo, so you could do something like:
#!/usr/bash
touch fileOwnedByRoot.txt
sudo ${SUDO_USER} touch fileOwnedByUser.txt
touch otherRootFile.txt
I haven't tested this, and don't know if it work differently on OSX, but it's worth a shot.
I am trying to have my Ubuntu 12.04 LTS server run a bash script I have to start a Minecraft server on start up, prior to log in but as user minecraft. I can have it run as root by placing the following in /etc/rc.local
bash /path/to/script/script.sh
which runs the script as root, I have tried the following in /etc/rc.local
su -c `bash /path/to/script/script.sh` minecraft
but to no avail. Can anyone tell me what I am doing wrong or should be doing instead? The first line of my script is
#!/bin/bash
in case it is important. Thanks much!
Try
su minecraft -c '/bin/bash /path/to/script/script.sh &'
The user should be the first argument to su.
You should use quotes and not ticks for the command argument (-c)
You may want to consider using su -l minecraft to have the script run in an environment which would be similar to that if the user minecraft logged in directly.
Give this a shot and let me know if it works.