adding data in table show me error when i add the relation ships - laravel-5

Question

I am a beginner in laravel I made a relationship one to many between the table of father and the table of eleve after that when i try to add a a new student he shows this error
SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1364 Field 'father_id' doesn't have a default value (SQL: insert into eleves (nom, prenom, adresse, date_naiss, sexe, nationnalite, niveau_scolaire, updated_at, created_at) values (mohamed, ferchichi, tunis, 2018-07-22, Un garçon, tunisen, 1, 2019-05-13 10:56:28, 2019-05-13 10:56:28))
how I can correct this problem i need your help
this is the table of eleve
public function up()
{
Schema::create('eleves', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->bigIncrements('id');
$table->unsignedBigInteger('father_id');
$table->string('nom');
$table->string('prenom');
$table->date('date_naiss');
$table->string('sexe');
$table->string('nationnalite');
$table->string('niveau_scolaire');
$table->string('adresse');
$table->foreign('father_id')->references('id')->on('fathers')->onDelete('cascade')->onUpdate('cascade');
$table->timestamps();
});
}
the model of eleve
<?php
namespace App;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class Eleve extends Model
{
protected $fillable = ['nom', 'father_id', 'prenom', 'date_naiss', 'sexe', 'nationnalite', 'niveau_scolaire', 'adresse'];
public function father()
{
return $this->belongsTo('App\Father');
}
}
the model of father
<?php
namespace App;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class Father extends Model
{
protected $fillable = ['nom', 'prenom', 'adresse', 'num_tel', 'email', 'login', 'date_naissance ', 'password'];
public function user()
{
return $this->belongsTo(User::class);
}
public function eleve()
{
return $this->hasMany('App\Eleve');
}
and the blade of eleve
<section id="no-more-tables">
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped table-condensed cf">
<thead class="cf">
<tr>
<th>id-eleve</th>
<th>Nom</th>
<th>Prenom</th>
<th>Adresse</th>
<th>Age</th>
<th>Sexe</th>
<th>Nationnalité</th>
<th>Niveau scolaire </th>
<th>les actions</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
#foreach($eleves as $eleve)
<tr>
<td class="numeric" data-title="id-parent">{{$eleve->id}}</td>
<td class="numeric" data-title="Nom">{{$eleve->nom}}</td>
<td class="numeric" data-title="Prenom">{{$eleve->prenom}}</td>
<td class="numeric" data-title="Adresse">{{$eleve->adresse}}</td>
<td class="numeric" data-title="Numéro telephone">{{$eleve->date_naiss}}</td>
<td class="numeric" data-title="Email">{{$eleve->sexe}}</td>
<td class="numeric" data-title="Login">{{$eleve->nationnalite}}</td>
<td class="numeric" data-title="Password">{{$eleve->niveau_scolaire}}</td>
<td>
<button href="#editEmployeeModal" class="btn btn-theme" data-target="#editEmployeeModal "
data-mytitle="{{$eleve->nom}}" data-myprenom="{{$eleve->prenom}}"
data-myadresse="{{$eleve->adresse}}" data-myage="{{$eleve->date_naiss}}"
data-mysexe="{{$eleve->sexe}}" data-mynationalite="{{$eleve->nationnalite}}"
data-myniveau="{{$eleve->niveau_scolaire}}" data-catid={{$eleve->id}} class="edit"
data-toggle="modal"><i class="material-icons" data-toggle="tooltip" title="Edit"></i>
</button>
<button href="#deleteEmployeeModal" class="btn btn-theme" data-target="#deleteEmployeeModal"
data-catid={{$eleve->id}} class="delete" data-toggle="modal"> <i class="material-icons"
data-toggle="tooltip" title="Delete"></i> </button>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
#endforeach
</table>
<div class="text-center">
{{ $eleves->links() }}
</div>
<div class="clearfix">
<div class="hint-text">Affichage de <b>5</b> sur <b>25</b> entrées</div>
<div id="addEmployeeModal" href="create" class="modal fade">
<div class="modal-dialog">
<div class="modal-content">
<form action="{{route('eleves.store')}}" method="post">
{{csrf_field()}}
<div class="modal-header">
<h4 class="modal-title">Ajouter un éléve</h4>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">×</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
<div class="form-group">
<label>nom</label>
<input type="text" id="nom" name="nom" class="form-control" required>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>prenom</label>
<input type="text" id="prenom" name="prenom" class="form-control" required>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>adresse</label>
<textarea name="adresse" id="adresse" class="form-control" required></textarea>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="start">Date Naissance</label>
<input type="date" id="date_naiss" name="date_naiss" value="2018-07-22" min="2018-01-01"
max="2030-12-31">
<!-- <label>Date Naissance</label>
<input type="text" name=" date_naiss" id="date_naiss" class="form-control" required>
</div> -->
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<div>
<input type="radio" id="sexe" name="sexe" value="une fille" checked>
<label for="sexe">une fille</label>
</div>
<div>
<input type="radio" id="sexe" name="sexe" value="Un garçon">
<label for="sexe">Un garçon</label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>Nationnalité</label>
<input type="text" name="nationnalite" id="nationnalite" class="form-control" required>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>Niveau Scolaire</label>
<input type="text" name="niveau_scolaire" id="niveau_scolaire" class="form-control"
required>
</div>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<input type="button" class="btn btn-default" data-dismiss="modal" value="Annuler">
<input type="submit" class="btn btn-success" value="Ajouter">
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
the controller of student
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Eleve;
class EleveController extends Controller
{
public function index()
{
$eleves = Eleve::paginate(5);
return view('admin.eleves',compact('eleves'));
}
public function store(Request $request)
{
Eleve::create($request->all());
session()->flash('success',' Cet nouvel éléve a été enregistré avec succés');
return redirect()->back();
}
public function update(Request $request, $id)
{
$eleve = Eleve::findOrFail($request->eleve_id);
$eleve->update($request->all());
session()->flash('success','Cet éléve a été modifié avec succés');
return redirect()->back();
}
public function destroy(Request $request)
{
$eleve = Eleve::findOrFail($request->eleve_id);
$eleve->delete();
session()->flash('success','Cet éleve a été supprimé avec succés');
return redirect()->back();
}
}

Answer 1

The father_id field in the eleves table is required. You either have to make it optional or, more likely, add it to your form.
To make the field optional replace this line
$table->unsignedBigInteger('father_id');
with
$table->unsignedBigInteger('father_id')->nullable();
To add it to the form you would probably use a <select>, something like:
<form ...>
<select name="father_id">
#foreach(\App\Father::all() as $father)
<option name="{{ $father->id }}">{{ $father->nom }}</option>
#endforeach
</select>
Note: It's bad practice to call the database inside a view file. A better approach would be to load the Fathers inside the controller and pass it to the view:
public function create()
{
$fathers = Father::all();
return view('...', ['fathers' => $fathers]);
}
and in the view:
<form ...>
<select name="father_id">
#foreach($fathers as $father)
<option name="{{ $father->id }}">{{ $father->nom }}</option>
#endforeach
</select>

Answer 2

in the EleveController i add use App\Father; and i add this function
public function create()
{
$fathers= Father::all();
return view('admin.eleves',compact('fathers'));
}
and in the eleve blade.php i add this
<select name="father_id">
#foreach($fathers as $father)
<option name="{{ $father->id }}">{{ $father->nom }}</option>
#endforeach
</select>
the problem is that shows me the same error "Undefined variable: fathers "