I recently reinstalled Mojave on my Macbook Pro. Before the install, I had several bash scripts written, all of which were executable by double-clicking on them. They are all .command extensions. For each file, I ran chmod +x to make it executable. The shebang in each of the scripts is: #! /usr/bin/env bash
After the install, I cannot get the scripts to run by double-clicking. If I access the scripts through terminal, they run fine. But if I double-click, it opens a terminal window with the title of the script, but nothing happens, the script never executes.
I installed bash through homebrew, then entered /usr/local/bin/bash into /etc/shells. In terminal, if I enter which bash it returns /usr/local/bin/bash. If I enter echo $SHELL it returns /bin/bash.
I want my system to be running the bash 5 that homebrew installed. I thought I had my terminal configured correctly, but I can't figure this out. Any help would be extremely appreciated.
I attached a screenshot of the terminal output too in case it would be helpful. I wrote a script for an example titled "hello.command":
#! /usr/bin/env bash
echo 'Hello'
This is what shows up if I double click it:
In /etc/shells, add an entry on a newline:
/usr/local/bin/bash
Note that to add this entry to /etc/shells, you need root privileges.
Related
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I just have installed Catalina on my imac, and I saw a terminal bash looks weird.
It should be ~$ but my terminal shows ~%
Can anyone change this uncommon line(~%) to a normal line(~$)?
Thank you in advance
You can set your PS1 variable in your .bashrc, .bash_profile, or .profile to whatever you want. For example:
export PS1=“\h \W $ “
Will give your hostname, current working directory, followed by the $ you wanted. This can be customized however you like, see this link for a good description.
Also, as chepner mentioned in the comments, you need to set your default shell back to bash. I believe the easiest thing to do is go into your terminal settings, and change your shell:
Terminal > Preferences... > General > Shells open with: Command (complete path): /bin/bash
For a long time, the bash was a default shell in macOS. However, Apple replaced Bourne Again SHell with Z shell for licensing reasons
Set default shell to bash on Macos Catalina. The procedure is as follows:
Open the terminal application.
List available shells by typing cat /etc/shells.
To update your account to use bash run chsh -s /bin/bash.
Close terminal app.
Open the terminal app again and verify that bash is your default shell.
I am seeing a strange problem with the storing of an env in mac os.
I set custom env in ~/.bash_profile
export MYENV=user
Then ran the . ~/.bash_profile and then I printed the env using
printenv then I can see the MYENV=user in the list.
If I close the terminal and reopen and execute printenv then I could not see MYENV in the list still I can see the export MYENV=user in ~/.bash_profile. It seems strange to me.
I am using Mac os High Sierra 10.13.6.
Could some body please tell me what mistake I am doing?
Note that ~/.bash_profile is only run for login shells. From the man page:
When bash is invoked as an interactive login shell, or as a non-interactive shell
with the --login option, it first reads and executes commands from the file
/etc/profile, if that file exists. After reading that file, it looks for
~/.bash_profile, ~/.bash_login, and ~/.profile, in that order, and reads and exe-
cutes commands from the first one that exists and is readable. The --noprofile
option may be used when the shell is started to inhibit this behavior.
So if you terminal isn't launching the shell with -l, --login or with $0 having a leading hyphen it won't be a login shell and thus won't read ~/.bash_profile. You may need to reconfigure how your terminal launches the shell if you want the shell to read that config script.
On the other hand ~/.bashrc is always read by an interactive shell. So if you put the export in that script it should do what you expect. It certainly does for me. You replied to Amila that it didn't work for you. So I'd suggest a simple experiment. Open two terminal windows. In one edit ~/.bashrc and add these two lines:
echo running .bashrc
export WTF=abc
In the other window just run bash. It should echo that message and echo $WTF should print abc. Now open a new terminal window. If you don't see that message and the env var isn't present then something is inhibiting reading that config script. Possibly the shell is being run with the --norc flag.
~/.bash_profile is executed before the initial command prompt is returned to the user, which means after a new login. Try adding the environment variable to ~/.bashrc instead.
I have a simple Gruntfile that I want to be able to run from an icon in my OSX dock.
I have created a very simple shell script (launcher.sh) that I will save as an application so I can add it to my dock. It works great when I run it directly in my Terminal:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
$(grunt serve --open)
It also works fine with this shebang: #!/bin/bash
However when I call the shell script from an Automator workflow I get the following error:
launcher.sh: line 2: grunt: command not found
This is my Automator set up:
What am I doing wrong?
Update
If I put this in my launcher.sh file:
#!/bin/bash
`/usr/local/bin/grunt serve --open`
I get a different error in Automator: env: node: No such file or directory
But, as before, if I run the script directly in Terminal its fine - so I think #mklement0 is right about the PATH
Update 2
launcher.sh
#!/bin/bash
grunt serve --open
Automator
PATH="/usr/local/bin:$PATH"
~/Public/Sites/launcher.sh
Now I'm still getting an error popup when I run it in Automator, but it has no details - it just says:
The action "Run Shell Script" encountered an error.
The Log panel shows a blank entry. Is there a way to get more info? A verbose mode perhaps?
Update 3
So this is weird... if I use &> ~/log it works. Without it it fails.
But this is working, thanks #mklement0, it'll do for now
PATH="/usr/local/bin:$PATH"
cd ~/Public/Sites && ./launcher.sh &> ~/log
The problem is that the $PATH variable when running from Automator doesn't have the same entries as when running from Terminal.
Notably, /usr/local/bin is missing, which is where grunt is typically installed (if installed globally).
A simple workaround is to add the folder in which grunt is installed to your $PATH at the top of the Automator shell script:
PATH="/usr/local/bin:$PATH"
~/Public/Sites/Launcher.sh
Aside from that:
Your shell command, $(grunt serve --open), should be just grunt serve --open - no need for a command substitution ($(...) or `...`), as that would actually first execute the command and then try to execute the output from that command.
The default working dir. when running a shell script from Automator is ~ (your home folder), which may not be what your script expects; it looks like your script expects its own dir. to be the working dir., so use cd ~/Public/Sites && ./launcher.sh to invoke it.
Automator will report an error in case the shell script exits with a nonzero exit code; the error message will include the shell script's stderr output (and nothing else) - sounds like no stderr output is being produced in your case.
To capture all output for diagnostic purposes, use something like ./launcher.sh &> ~/log
On macOS 10.11 through at least 10.15 (as of this update), $PATH has the following value inside a shell script run from an Automator workflow: /usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin
I tried activating a VirtualEnv through a shell script like the one below but it doesn't seem to work,
#!/bin/sh
source ~/.virtualenvs/pinax-env/bin/activate
I get the following error
$ sh virtualenv_activate.sh
virtualenv_activate.sh: 2: source: not found
but if I enter the same command on terminal it seems to work
$ source ~/.virtualenvs/pinax-env/bin/activate
(pinax-env)gautam#Aspirebuntu:$
So I changed the shell script to
#!/bin/bash
source ~/.virtualenvs/pinax-env/bin/activate
as suggested and used
$ bash virtualenv_activate.sh
gautam#Aspirebuntu:$
to run the script .
That doesn't throw an error but neither does that activate the virtual env
So any suggestion on how to solve this problem ?
PS : I am using Ubuntu 11.04
TLDR
Must run the .sh script with source instead of the script solely
source your-script.sh
and not
your-script.sh
Details
sh is not the same as bash (although some systems simply link sh to bash, so running sh actually runs bash). You can think of sh as a watered down version of bash. One thing that bash has that sh does not is the "source" command. This is why you're getting that error... source runs fine in your bash shell. But when you start your script using sh, you run the script in an shell in a subprocess. Since that script is running in sh, "source" is not found.
The solution is to run the script in bash instead. Change the first line to...
#!/bin/bash
Then run with...
./virtualenv_activate.sh
...or...
/bin/bash virtualenv_activate.sh
Edit:
If you want the activation of the virtualenv to change the shell that you call the script from, you need to use the "source" or "dot operator". This ensures that the script is run in the current shell (and therefore changes the current environment)...
source virtualenv_activate.sh
...or...
. virtualenv_activate.sh
As a side note, this is why virtualenv always says you need to use "source" to run it's activate script.
source is an builtin shell command in bash, and is not available in sh. If i remember correctly then virtual env does a lot of path and environment variables manipulation. Even running it as bash virtualenv_blah.sh wont work since this will simply create the environment inside the sub-shell.
Try . virtualenv_activate.sh or source virtualenv_activate.sh this basically gets the script to run in your current environment and all the environment variables modified by virtualenv's activate will be available.
HTH.
Edit: Here is a link that might help - http://ss64.com/bash/period.html
On Mac OS X your proposals seems not working.
I have done it this way. I'am not very happy with solution, but share it anyway here and hope, that maybe somebody will suggest the better one:
In activate.sh I have
echo 'source /Users/andi/.virtualenvs/data_science/bin/activate'
I give execution permissions by: chmod +x activate.sh
And I execute this way:
`./activate.sh`
Notice that there are paranthesis in form of ASCII code 96 = ` ( Grave accent )
For me best way work as below.
Create start-my-py-software.sh and pest below code
#!/bin/bash
source "/home/snippetbucket.com/source/AIML-Server-CloudPlatform/bin/activate"
python --version
python /home/snippetbucket.com/source/AIML-Server-CloudPlatform/main.py
Give file permission to run like below.
chmod +x start-my-py-software.sh
Now run like below
.start-my-py-software.sh
and that's it, start my python based server or any other code.
ubuntu #18.0
In my case, Ubuntu 16.04, the methods above didn't worked well or it needs much works.
I just made a link of 'activate' script file and copy it to home folder(or $PATH accessible folder) and renamed it simple one like 'actai'.
Then in a terminal, just call 'source actai'. It worked!
I'm a complete novice at this (terminal in Mac leopard) and hoping to get an lifeline from the web as I've certainly hit a wall.
I want to run a script as a root in terminal. The script is saved as a text file with a .rtf extension. I've inserted into terminal:
sudo filename.rtf
then I get asked a password which I've typed in (admin password) and pressed enter; then it shows a prompt: sudo: Mac: command not found
I've tried it with the extension hidden but got the same result. Any pointers on what I'm doing wrong?
Thanks in advance
You need to first get the script out of the .rtf file and into a plain text file (open it up in TextEdit and select "Make Plain Text" from the format menu, then save it again as myscript.sh).
Now you can type
sudo sh myscript.sh
The "magic" sh letters there are because as another responder says, sudo will temporarily elevate you to superuser and run a program. In *nix environments, that would be anything with the executable bit set, meaning that someone's explicitly told the operating system that it's safe to run a file. In your case, your myscript.sh has not been "blessed" in this way, so to run it you need to feed it into a program that knows how to understand it. That program is sh, and it does have the executable bit set. Thinking of it as sudo (sh myscript.sh) might make it a bit clearer.
If you plan on running this script a lot, you might want to actually make it executable on its own. This amounts to putting special instructions inside the file that tell the operating system how the file should be run. If you stick #!/bin/sh (this is called a shebang line and tells the OS what to do with your file) on the first line of your script, and then type chmod u+x myscript.sh (this tells the OS that you, and only you, are allowed to execute your file), you'll be able to run the file directly with sudo myscript.sh.
sudo is used to execute commands as the root user of the machine.
when you type
sudo [somthing]
the shell grants temporary root privilges and then executes the given "somthing"
assume your script is in bash, you should have done
sudo sh filename.rtf
Also, it's better to save script as plain txt, with an sh extension, so you would execute
sudo sh myscript.sh
first set the script as executable:
chmod +x filename.rtf
Then you can run it like so:
sudo ./filename.rtf