How do I create A joined table in Laravel Migration? - laravel

Question

I have a users table with the following columns with User model has one to many relationship with phone model.
create_users_table.php
public function up()
{
Schema::create('users', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->bigIncrements('id');
$table->string('name');
$table->string('email')->unique();
$table->timestamp('email_verified_at')->nullable();
$table->string('password');
$table->rememberToken();
$table->timestamps();
});
}
Then I have a phones table, which has a foreign key of user_id
create_phones_table.php
public function up()
{
Schema::create('phones', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->bigIncrements('id');
$table->integer('user_id')->unsigned();
$table->string('phone');
$table->timestamps();
$table->foreign('user_id')
->references('id')
->on('users')
->onDelete('cascade');
});
}
My User Model
<?php
namespace App;
use App\Phone;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\MustVerifyEmail;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\User as Authenticatable;
use Illuminate\Notifications\Notifiable;
class User extends Authenticatable
{
use Notifiable;
/**
* The attributes that are mass assignable.
*
* #var array
*/
protected $fillable = [
'name', 'email', 'password',
];
/**
* The attributes that should be hidden for arrays.
*
* #var array
*/
protected $hidden = [
'password', 'remember_token',
];
/**
* The attributes that should be cast to native types.
*
* #var array
*/
protected $casts = [
'email_verified_at' => 'datetime',
];
/**
* Define Relationship
*/
public function phones()
{
return $this->hasMany(Phone::class);
}
}
My Phone Model
<?php
namespace App;
use App\User;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class Phone extends Model
{
protected $table = 'phones';
protected $fillable = ['phone' , 'user_id'];
public function user()
{
return $this->belongsTo(User::class);
}
}
I would like to have a third table in my database call phone_user_table.php. Something like a pivot table where I have joined the user table and phone table where I can see all the records. This is my code where I attempt to join the table.
create_phone_user.php
<?php
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
class CreatePhoneUser extends Migration
{
/**
* Run the migrations.
*
* #return void
*/
public function up()
{
Schema::create('phone_user', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->unsignedBigInteger('user_id')->unsigned();
$table->unsignedBigInteger('phone_id')->unsigned();
$table->foreign('user_id')->references('id')->on('users')->onDelete('cascade');
$table->foreign('phone_id')->references('id')->on('phones')->onDelete('cascade');
$table->timestamps();
$table
->join('users', 'users.id', '=', 'phone_user.user_id')
->join('phones', 'phones.id', '=', 'phone_user.phone_id')
->select('phone_user.*', 'users.name', 'phones.phone')
->get();
});
}
/**
* Reverse the migrations.
*
* #return void
*/
public function down()
{
Schema::dropIfExists('phone_user');
}
}
However, it seems to be giving Base Table phones already exist.
Appreciate all the help given.
Thank you.

Answer 1

This is how it works base on Laravel Many to Many Relationship Docs.
First
You need to create 2 model that you would like to have relationship.
In your example you have USER and PHONE relationship.
In your User Model you need to declare the relationship like this:
public function phones() {
return $this->belongsToMany(Phone::Class);
}
And In your Phone Model you can do like this:
public function users() {
return $this->belongsToMany(User::Class);
}
SECOND
You need to have 3 migration one is for the user, phone and also the phone_user. So it should be look like this.
Phone User Migration
Schema::create('phone_user', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->bigIncrements('id');
$table->unsignedBigInteger('phone_id')->index();
$table->unsignedBigInteger('user_id')->index();
$table->timestamps();
$table->foreign('phone_id')->references('id')->on('phones')->onDelete('cascade');
$table->foreign('user_id')->references('id')->on('users')->onDelete('cascade');
});
Note: You don't need to have the unsignedBigInteger in both user and phone migration.
When you have a user list and a phone list you can now assign the phone to the user like this:
Controller
$user = User::find(1);
$phone = Phone::find(1);
$user->phones()->attach($phone);