I have Oracle 11g and a table called CODES and there is column ID and CODESA as follow:
ID CODESA
1 9999
1 8889
2 77777
2 99999
3 1234
3 4321
4 565656
etc.
Then I need to update another table CODES2 and column CODESB based on ID in CODES table
I need a trigger to monitor this.
Let´s say I monitoring ID = 2 with this trigger and all different CODESA´s under that ID,
you can see that only these are possible to update in CODESB
2 77777
2 99999
How to make a trigger to launch if user is trying to enter some code in CODESB
which is for example from ID = 3 ?
Appreciate your help. Thanks,
Some_user
#APC is correct. We can use foreign key but lets say OP dont want those columns to be primary or unique, in that case trigger is the solution.
Create or replace trigger codes2_trg
Before insert or update On codes2
For each row
Declare
Cnt number;
Begin
Select count(1) into cnt
From codes where (id, codesa) = (:new.id, :new.codesb);
If cnt = 0 then
Raise_application_error('-20001', 'these balues are not allowed.');
End if;
End;
/
Cheers!!
Related
I (using Oracle 12c, PL/SQL) need to update an existing table TABLE1 based on information stored in a table MAP. In a simplified version, MAP looks like this:
COLUMN_NAME
MODIFY
COLUMN1
N
COLUMN2
Y
COLUMN3
N
...
...
COLUMNn
Y
COLUMN1 to COLUMNn are column names in TABLE1 (but there are more columns, not just these). Now I need to update a column in TABLE1 if MODIFY in table MAP contains a 'Y' for that columns' name. There are other row conditions, so what I would need would be UPDATE statements of the form
UPDATE TABLE1
SET COLUMNi = value_i
WHERE OTHER_COLUMN = 'xyz_i';
where COLUMNi runs through all the columns of TABLE1 which are marked with MODIFY = 'Y' in MAP. value_i and xyz_i also depend on information stored in MAP (not displayed in the example).
The table MAP is not static but changes, so I do not know in advance which columns to update. What I did so far is to generate the UPDATE-statements I need in a query from MAP, i.e.
SELECT <Text of UPDATE-STATEMENT using row information from MAP> AS SQL_STMT
FROM MAP
WHERE MODIFY = 'Y';
Now I would like to execute these statements (possibly hundreds of rows). Of course I could just copy the contents of the query into code and execute, but is there a way to do this automatically, e.g. using EXECUTE IMMEDIATE? It could be something like
BEGIN
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE SQL_STMT USING 'xyz_i';
END;
only that SQL_STMT should run through all the rows of the previous query (and 'xyz_i' varies with the row as well). Any hints how to achieve this or how one should approach the task in general?
EDIT: As response to the comments, a bit more background how this problem emerges. I receive an empty n x m Matrix (empty except row and column names, think of them as first row and first column) quarterly and need to populate the empty fields from another process.
The structure of the initial matrix changes, i.e. there may be new/deleted columns/rows and existing columns/rows may change their position in the matrix. What I need to do is to take the old version of the matrix, where I already have filled the empty spaces, and translate this into the new version. Then, the populating process merely looks if entries have changed and if so, alters them.
The situation from the question arises after I have translated the old version into the new one, before doing the delta. The new matrix, populated with the old information, is TABLE1. The delta process, over which I have no control, gives me column names and information to be entered into the cells of the matrix (this is table MAP). So I need to find the column in the matrix labeled by the delta process and then to change values in rows (which ones is specified via other information provided by the delta process)
Dynamic SQL it is; here's an example, see if it helps.
This is a table whose contents should be modified:
SQL> select * from test order by id;
ID NAME SALARY
---------- ---------- ----------
1 Little 100
2 200
3 Foot 0
4 0
This is the map table:
SQL> select * from map;
COLUMN CB_MODIFY VALUE WHERE_CLAUSE
------ ---------- ----- -------------
NAME Y Scott where id <= 3
SALARY N 1000 where 1 = 1
Procedure loops through all columns that are set to be modified, composes the dynamic update statement and executes it:
SQL> declare
2 l_str varchar2(1000);
3 begin
4 for cur_r in (select m.column_name, m.value, m.where_clause
5 from map m
6 where m.cb_modify = 'Y'
7 )
8 loop
9 l_str := 'update test set ' ||
10 cur_r.column_name || ' = ' || chr(39) || cur_r.value || chr(39) || ' ' ||
11 cur_r.where_clause;
12 execute immediate l_str;
13 end loop;
14 end;
15 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Result:
SQL> select * from test order by id;
ID NAME SALARY
---------- ---------- ----------
1 Scott 100
2 Scott 200
3 Scott 0
4 0
SQL>
I have two tables, seat_allocation and programme_code. I want to create a trigger for checking if the number of entries into the seat_allocation are equal to the max_seats(column in programm_code table) for that prog_code(column in programme_code table). This is my code:
SQL> create or replace trigger seats_full
2 before insert on seat_allocation
3 for each row
4 declare
5 cnt programme_code.max_seats%type;
6 max programme_code.max_seats%type;
7 begin
8 select count(*) into cnt from seat_allocation where prog_code=(select prog_code from programme_code where prog_code = :NEW.prog_code);
9 select max_seats into max from programme_code where prog_code=(select prog_code from programme_code where prog_code = :NEW.prog_code);
10 if max=cnt then
11 RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-21000,'No vacant seats available');
12 end if;
13 end;
14 /
It gives Warning:Trigger created with compilation error. Can you please help me figure out what's wrong?
Variable name can'be MAX, it is reserved for the function with the same name. Change it to e.g. v_max_seats.
Apart from that, it seems that you're selecting from the seat_allocation table (line #8), while the trigger fires on insert on the same table. It'll cause the mutating table error so - you'll have to do something. Nowadays, it is a compound trigger that fixes that. If your database version doesn't support it, you'll use a package. There are examples on the Internet.
Also, why using a subquery? What's wrong with e.g.
select max_seats into v_max_seats from programme_code where prog_code = :new.prog_code
I have a following table:
id name score
1 SYS 4
2 RHWTT 5
3 LEO 4
4 MOD3_ADMIN 5
5 VPD674 4
6 SCOTT 5
7 HR 4
8 OE 5
9 PM 4
10 IX 5
11 SH 4
12 BI 5
13 IXSNEAKY 4
14 DVF 5
I want to create a policy function in Oracle SQL that makes sure of the following things:
If a user(Leo) is executing a select statement on this table, it only gets 3 LEO 4.
sys_dba gets all the results no matter what.
I have given select permissions to Leo on this table created by Scott.
I am getting stuck at writing this complex PL/SQL function. I tried the following and it states compilation errors. Also, I think it does not do what I intend to do:
CREATE FUNCTION no_show_all (
p_schema IN NUMBER(5),
p_object IN VARCHAR2
)
RETURN
AS
BEGIN
RETURN 'select avg(score) from scott.rating';
END;
/
Based on your previous question and info you posted, here's how I understood the question: if you granted select on the whole table to any user, then it is able to fetch all rows from it. You have to further restrict values.
One option - as we're talking about the function - is to use case in where clause.
Here's an example.
Sample data:
SQL> create table rating as
2 select 1 id, 'sys' name, 4 score from dual union all
3 select 3, 'leo' , 3 from dual union all
4 select 6, 'scott' , 5 from dual union all
5 select 7, 'hr' , 2 from dual;
Table created.
Function:
it accepts username as a parameter (mind letter case! In my example, everything is lowercase. In your, perhaps you'll have to use upper function or something like that)
case says: if par_user is equal to sys, let it fetch all rows. Otherwise, fetch only rows whose name column's value is equal to par_user
return the result
So:
SQL> create or replace function f_rating (par_user in varchar2)
2 return number
3 is
4 retval number;
5 begin
6 select avg(score)
7 into retval
8 from rating
9 where name = case when par_user = 'sys' then name
10 else par_user
11 end;
12 return retval;
13 end;
14 /
Function created.
Let's try it:
SQL> select f_rating('sys') rating_sys,
2 f_rating('hr') rating_hr
3 from dual;
RATING_SYS RATING_HR
---------- ----------
3,5 2
SQL>
I suggest creating a view for each user, like so
create view THE_VIEW as select * from TABLE where NAME = user
Then grant access to the view only.
Now it doesn't matter what kind of query a user tries to perform on your table, she will only get one row back.
Of-course the DBA user can access all the table data.
I have two tables BASE and DAILY as shown below:
BASE
Cust ID IP address
1 10.5.5.5
2 10.5.5.50
3 10.5.5.6
DAILY
Cust ID IP address
1 10.5.5.5
2 10.5.5.70
4 10.5.5.67
The table DAILY is periodically refreshed every 24 hours. Now for every Cust Id in BASE I have to check if the IP address is modified in DAILY. If yes then update the row in BASE.
All the new entries in DAILY have to be inserted into BASE.
I have tried this using a Cursor comparing and then updating and then another cursor for insertion.
But it is taking lot of time.
What is the best possible way to do this?
You could also use MERGE depending on your database system.
SQL Server syntax would be
MERGE INTO BASE B
USING DAILY D
ON D.CustId = B.CustId
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT (CustId, Ip) VALUES (D.CustId, D.Ip)
WHEN MATCHED AND D.Ip <> B.Ip THEN
UPDATE SET B.Ip = D.Ip;
Oracle PL/SQL syntax seems to be much the same, take a look here
If you just want to update all your BASE table, use an UPDATE to update all the rows in your BASE table.
UPDATE `BASE`
SET `IP address` = (SELECT `IP address`
FROM DAILY
WHERE DAILY.`Cust ID` = `BASE`.`Cust ID`);
Then, use this INSERT INTO query to insert new values that not exists in your table BASE.
INSERT INTO `BASE`
SELECT `Cust ID`, `IP address`
FROM DAILY
WHERE DAILY.`Cust ID` NOT IN (SELECT `Cust ID` FROM BASE);
SQL>
declare
begin
for i in (select * from daily where ip_add not in (select ip_add from base))
loop
update base set ip_add=i.ip_add where custid=i.custid;
end loop;
end;
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> select * from base;
CUSTID IP_ADD
---------- ----------
1 10..5.5.5
2 10..5.5.20 -- updated value from base where ip_add is different
3 10..5.5.6
SQL> select * from base ;
CUSTID IP_ADD
---------- ----------
1 10..5.5.5
2 10..5.5.20
4 10..5.5.62
SQL>
I need to create a script that puts a key number from table A (which will be used as a parameter later), then flow that parameter or key number into a query and then dump those results into a holding record or table for later manipulation and such. Because each fetch has more than 1 row (in reality there are 6 rows per query results or per claim key) I decided to use the Bulk Collect clause. Though my initial test on a different database worked, I have not yet figured out why the real script is not working.
Here is the test script that I used:
DECLARE
--Cursors--
CURSOR prod_id is select distinct(product_id) from product order by 1 asc;
CURSOR cursorValue(p_product_id NUMBER) IS
SELECT h.product_description,o.company_short_name
FROM company o,product h
WHERE o.product_id =h.product_id
AND h.product_id =p_product_id
AND h.product_id IS NOT NULL
ORDER by 2;
--Table to store Cursor data--
TYPE indx IS TABLE OF cursorValue%ROWTYPE
INDEX BY PLS_INTEGER;
indx_tab indx;
---Variable objects---
TotalIDs PLS_INTEGER;
TotalRows PLS_INTEGER := 0 ;
BEGIN
--PARAMETER CURSOR RUNS---
FOR prod_id2 in prod_id LOOP
dbms_output.put_line('Product ID: ' || prod_id2.product_id);
TotalIDs := prod_id%ROWCOUNT;
--FLOW PARAMETER TO SECOND CURSOR--
Open cursorValue(prod_id2.product_id);
Loop
Fetch cursorValue Bulk collect into indx_tab;
---data dump into table---
--dbms_output.put_line('PROD Description: ' || indx_tab.product_description|| ' ' ||'Company Name'|| indx_tab.company_short_name);
TotalRows := TotalRows + cursorValue%ROWCOUNT;
EXIT WHEN cursorValue%NOTFOUND;
End Loop;
CLOSE cursorValue;
End Loop;
dbms_output.put_line('Product ID Total: ' || TotalIDs);
dbms_output.put_line('Description Rows: ' || TotalRows);
END;
Test Script Results:
anonymous block completed
Product ID: 1
Product ID: 2
Product ID: 3
Product ID: 4
Product ID: 5
Product ID Total: 5
Description Rows: 6
Update: Marking question as "answered" Thanks.
The first error is on line 7. On line 4 you have:
CURSOR CUR_CLAIMNUM IS
SELECT DISTINCT(CLAIM_NO)FROM R7_OPENCLAIMS;
... and that seems to be valid, so your column name is CLAIM_NO. On line 7:
CURSOR OPEN_CLAIMS (CLAIM_NUM R7_OPENCLAIMS.CLAIM_NUM%TYPE) IS
... so you've mistyped the column name as CLAIM_NUM, which doesn't exist in that table. Which is what the error message is telling you, really.
The other errors are because the cursor is invalid, becuase of that typo.
When you open the second cursor you have the same name confusion:
OPEN OPEN_CLAIMS (CUR_CLAIMNUM2.CLAIM_NUM);
... which fails because the cursor is querying CLAIMNO not CLAIMNUM; except here it's further confused by the distinct. You haven't aliased the column name so Oracle applies one, which you could refer to, but it's simpler to add your own:
CURSOR CUR_CLAIMNUM IS
SELECT DISTINCT(CLAIM_NO) AS CLAIM_NO FROM R7_OPENCLAIMS;
and then
OPEN OPEN_CLAIMS (CUR_CLAIMNUM2.CLAIM_NO);
But I'd suggest you also change the cursor name from CUR_CLAIMNUM to CUR_CLAIM_NO, both in the definition and the loop declaration. And having the cursor iterator called CUR_CLAIMNUM2 is odd as it suggests that is itself a cursor name; maybe something like ROW_CLAIM_NO would be clearer.