After modifying my Caddyfile to try a recommendation on this platform...i still can't get an
HTTPS connection in my browser..Chrome keeps saying
"Your connection is not private
Attackers might be trying to steal your information from localhost (for example, passwords, messages, or credit cards). Learn more
NET::ERR_CERT_AUTHORITY_INVALID"
Here's my Caddyfile :
localhost:9000 {
bind {$ADDRESS}
proxy / 197.211.58.62:9000
tls self_signed
}
What am I doing wrong?
The caddy docs says the "self-signed certificate [is stored] in memory (untrusted by browsers, but convenient for local development)".
You'd have to generate the self-signed certificate outside of caddy and add it like a regular certificate.
Here's a guide to do it on Linux and MacOS or Windows
Config Example from the docs
tls ../cert.pem ../key.pem
This snippet assumes the keys are located one folder up
BTW All this should work with Caddy 2
Related
I have a Service which is running in Istio 1.16 with envoy sidecar injection enabled.
The service connect with a remote API every now and then to send the health information.
The remote end point is https but without having a domain name, yeah the endpoint have to be invoked like https://168.x.x.x/http/health. I could see the connection is working fine with another API but with a proper hostname.
So the issue is clearly with the DNS resolution, I am not great with networking. So, you folks should help me out.
This is the error i get from the server (of service).
x509: cannot validate certificate for because it doesn't contain any IP SANs
Istio version - 1.16
Kubernetes - 1.24
golang (service) - 1.19
Can we bypass this x509 SAN check using destination Rules?
The error "x509: certificate has expired or is not yet valid" usually occurs when the SSL certificate being used has expired or has not yet been activated. This error can also occur when the certificate being used is not valid for the domain or IP address that the request is being sent to.
To resolve this issue, you will need to either obtain a new valid SSL certificate or renew the existing certificate.
You can check your certificate expiration date by using the below command:
kubeadm certs check-expiration
Refer to this SO for more detailed steps.
Short story
I'm trying to send a POST request from a PL/SQL script using the utl_http utility in Oracle. I've been able to send the request using http, but not https. I've added what I thought was the necessary certificates to a Oracle Wallet, and I believe they are being imported and used (but in all honesty, this is a little hard to verify). My current assumption is that calls from our DB server are passing through a proxy server, and that that is somehow messing up some part of the https / certificate functionality.
Supporting evidence (possibly?): I tried to make calls (POST requests) to a dummy service at webhook.site. Again, I got this working with http, but not https - the latter results in a cert validation error.
I then tried to replicate the behavior using postman, and that basically produces the same result, unless I fiddle around with the settings:
Initial Postman result:
Could not get any response
There was an error connecting to https://webhook.site/950...
Disabling SSL verification
Under the Post man settings, I turned off SSL Certificate Verification, and tried again. This time, I got a 200 OK response, and confirmed that the webhook received the post request fine.
It seems clear that the error is due to a missing cert, but I can't figure out which, or how to configure it. My assumption is that if I can get this to work for a webhook-url from Postman (without disabling cert verification), then I should also be able to get it to work from PL/SQL later.
When I look at the webhook site in a browser and inspect the certs, the webhook cert is the lowest cert (leaf node?). Above it there is one intermediate cert related to the company I'm working for, and then a root cert also related to the company. The root node is named something like "Company Proxy Server CA" - So I'm assuming the proxy somehow manipulates my requests and inserts it's own cert here.
I've tried downloading all of these certs and importing them into my cert store, as well as importing them under the Postman settings (under Certificates) in various combinations, but nothing seems to make any difference; all attempts at posting with HTTPS produces the following error in my Postman Console:
POST https://webhook.site/9505...
Error: unable to verify the first certificate
Any ideas about how to resolve this, or at least obtain more information about what to do would be greatly appreciated.
Switching OFF "SSL Certificate Verification" in Postman only means that it (i.e. Postman) will not check the validity of SSL certificates while making a request. Meaning that it will just send the certificates as they are. Because your connection fails if the setting in ON, this means Postman cannot verify the validity of your certificates.
This is most likely the case with the actual service you're trying to POST to, they cannot verify the certificates. Is that service outside your company network? And is it a public one or one owned by your company? Where is that service hosted? What certificate do they need?
BTW, TLS client certificates are sent as part of establishing the SSL connection, not as part of the HTTP request. The TLS handshake (and exchange/validation of client and server certificates) happens before any HTTP message is sent.
I'm thinking this might be a blocked port issue.
You said... ""Company Proxy Server CA" - So I'm assuming the proxy somehow manipulates my requests and inserts it's own cert here."
That means your client software needs your Company Proxy Server CA in its trusted certificates list. If that client's list is that of the oracle wallet...
https://knowledge.digicert.com/solution/SO979.html
This talks about how to do that.
Also, if your system running postman has a non-oracle based wallet trusted certificate (probably the operating system?) you'll have to execute something like adding the trust to your account on the workstation
https://www.thewindowsclub.com/manage-trusted-root-certificates-windows
in order to have the proxy server certificate trusted.
Once the certificate you're making the connection with has a root of trust per the effective configuration of the client being used, then you'll be able to verify the certificate.
A couple of possible issues:
The server doesn't actually support HTTPS. Connect a browser to the URL that you POST to, and see if you receive a response. (It looks like you already did this, but I'm documenting it for completeness.)
The server uses the Server Name Indication (SNI) extension to determine what certificate chain to send back, but your POSTing client doesn't send that extension. You can identify this case by looking up the IP for the host you're POSTing to, then going to https://nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn/ (obviously use the IP here, instead of the literal string 'nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn') in your browser, and checking the certificate chain it returns. If it is not the same as you get from step 1, this is your problem, and you need to figure out how to either get SNI support in your Oracle PL/SQL client or get the POST endpoint exposed on that hostname. (alternatively, you might be able to use these certificates to prime your Oracle Wallet, but they might have an issue with the hostname in the certificate not matching the hostname you connect to.)
You have a proxy in the way. I don't think this is what's going on, since that would basically only cause problems if you were doing client-side certificate authentication. (If this is the problem or is a condition, you need to import those certificates into your trusted wallet; you also need to ensure that the server you're posting from is going through the same proxy. Otherwise, you need to ensure that the certificate authority for the proxy that the machine actually running the code sees is in the wallet. This may require the assistance of the system/network administrators who run that machine and its connection to the network.)
HTTPS is a finicky beast. Many, many things must work exactly correctly for TLS connections to work and the certificates to correctly verify (the TLS port must respond, the client and server must agree to speak the same version of TLS, the client and server must agree to use the same cipher combination, the certificate chain presented by the server must be issued by a CA the client recognizes, and the leaf certificate in that chain must certify the name client requested).
SNI is needed to support multiple names on a single host without messing with the certifications of other names on the same host. Unfortunately, SNI is one of those things that has been standardized for over a decade (RFC 3546), but many enterprise-grade softwares haven't implemented.
So I have made a small script on my website for my telegram bot. Only problem is that if I set my URL as webhook for the bot it gives an SSL error.
Also tried to add an self signed certificate, so has_custom_certificate turned to true, but the same error appeared.
What am I doing wrong?
You have to create a self-signed certificate for deploying your server over https. If you are using flask you can follow this nice tutorial - https://blog.miguelgrinberg.com/post/running-your-flask-application-over-https
The problem is with your certificate.
The error in your getWebHookInfo:
"last_error_message":"SSL error {337047686, error:1416F086:SSL routines:tls_process_server_certificate:certificate verify failed}"
Is Telegram saying that it needs the whole certificate chain (it's also called CA Bundle or full chained certificate).
How to check your certificate:
You can use the SSL Labs SSL Server Test service to check your certificate:
Just pass your URL like the following example, replacing coderade.github.io with your host:
https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze.html?d=coderade.github.io&hideResults=on&latest
If you see "Chain issues: Incomplete" you do not serve a full chained certificate.
How to fix:
You need to add all the three needed files (.key, .crt, and .ca-bundle). The Namecheap has very good documentation of how to install an SSL certificate in your site in many different ways, like Apache, Node.js, Nginx and etc. Please, check if you can follow one of the available ways: Namecheap - How to Install SSL certificates
Anyway, you need to download the full chained certificate for your SSL certificate provider and install this on your webserver.
I don't know which service you are using, but for my example, with gunicorn I solved adding the ca-certs with ca-bundle file sent by my SSL Certificate provider (In my case Namecheap Comodo) on my SSL configuration, like the following example:
ca_certs = "cert/my-service.ca-bundle"
For further information: #martini answer on this thread and the FIX: Telegram Webhooks Not Working post.
I have a win 7 x64 box I recently reimaged and I have installed IIS7.5 and PHP 7. I am trying to set up localhost sites for secure https and I have successfully created a self-signed certificate for this purpose. I have set the IIS bindings for the site to use https over port 443 (IP Address: All unassigned) and selected the new SS cert.
When I go to https://localhost/php_info.php on my computer, I can see the phpInfo content but Chrome displays alerts that site is not secure.
Certificate error: There are issues with the site's certificate chain (net::ERR_CERT_COMMON_NAME_INVALID).
Obsolete connection settings: The connection to this site uses a strong protocol (TLS 1.2), a strong key exchange (ECDHE_RSA with P-256), and an obsolete cipher (AES_256_CBC with HMAC-SHA1).
What can I do to run secure sites over localhost?
The certificate error can be fixed if you generate another certificate, with Subject Alternative Name (which is required by Chrome). More information can be found in,
https://blog.lextudio.com/why-chrome-says-iis-express-https-is-not-secure-and-how-to-resolve-that-d906a183f0
The TLS cipher should be cleaned up by using a tool such as IIS Crypt,
https://www.nartac.com/Products/IISCrypto
Jexus Manager has SSL Diagnostics, which can provide you hints on what's wrong in your server configuration,
https://www.jexusmanager.com/en/latest/tutorials/ssl-diagnostics.html
I'm running mitmdump (from mitmproxy) on my Macbook Pro, and I'm connecting to the proxy through my Windows desktop PC.
However, Chrome (running on the PC) refuses to connect to so many sites because of the invalid certificates which mitmproxy provides.
Chrome throws the error: ERR::NET_CERT_AUTHORITY_INVALID
Here's what mitmdump shows:
But why? What's wrong with mitmproxy's certificates, why can't it just send back google's as if nothing happened?
I'd like to know how I can fix this and make (force) my desktop PC to connect to any website through my Macbook's mitmproxy.
Answering this question for people who may find this important now. To get the proxy working, you have to add the certificate as trusted in your browser.
For windows follow this: https://www.nullalo.com/en/chrome-how-to-install-self-signed-ssl-certificates/2/
For linux follow this: https://dev.to/suntong/using-squid-to-proxy-ssl-sites-nj3
For Mac-os follow this: https://www.andrewconnell.com/blog/updated-creating-and-trusting-self-signed-certs-on-macos-and-chrome/#add-certificate-to-trusted-root-authority
There are some additional details in the above links; tldr; import the certificate in your chrome://settings url and add the certificate as trusted. That shall do.
This will make your browser trust your self-signed certificate(mitm auto generated certificates too.)
The default certificates of mitmproxy is at ~/.mitmproxy/ directory.
Per the Getting Started page of the docs you add the CA by going to http://mitm.it while mitmproxy is running and selecting the operating system that you are using. This should solve your problem and will allow https sites to work with mitmproxy.
This is the expected behavior.
mitmproxy performes a Man-In-The-Middle attack to https connections by providing on-the-fly generated fake certificates to the client while it keeps communicating to the server over fully encrypted connection using the real certificates.
This way the communication between client and proxy can be decrypted. But the client has to actively approve using those fake certificates.
If that wasn't the case then SSL would be broken - which it isn't.
The whole story is very well explained here:
http://docs.mitmproxy.org/en/stable/howmitmproxy.html