Elasticsearch: find documents containing not more terms than in the query - elasticsearch

Question

If I have documents:
1: { "name": "red yellow" }
2: { "name": "green yellow" }
I'd like to query with "red brown yellow" and get document 1.
I mean the query should contain at least terms form my document, but can contain more. If document contains a token whats not in the query, there should be not hit.
How can I do this? The other way around is easy ...

Answer 1

First you have to declare your field as fielddata : true in order to execute script on it :
PUT test
{
"mappings": {
"properties": {
"name": {
"type": "text",
"fielddata": true
}
}
}
}
Then, you can filter your result with a script on your query:
POST test/_search
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"filter": {
"script": {
"script": {
"source": """
boolean res = true;
for (item in doc['name']) {
res = 'red brown yellow'.contains(item) && res;
}
return res;
""",
"lang": "painless"
}
}
},
"must": [
{
"match": {
"name": "red brown yellow"
}
}
]
}
}
}
Note that fielddata on a text field can cost a lot and it's better if fou can index this field as Keyword on an array as follows :
1: { "name": ["red","yellow"] }
2: { "name": ["green", "yellow"] }
The search request can be exactly the same

Answer 2

The match query is of type boolean. It means that the text provided is
analyzed and the analysis process constructs a boolean query from the
provided text. The minimum number of optional should clauses to match
can be set using the minimum_should_match parameter.
To know more about match query, you can refer ES documentation
Below is the mapping of name field
{
"tests": {
"mappings": {
"properties": {
"name": {
"type": "text",
"fields": {
"keyword": {
"type": "keyword",
"ignore_above": 256
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
Now when you search "red brown yellow" from the below query
POST tests/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"name": {
"query": "red brown yellow",
"minimum_should_match": "75%"
}
}
}
}
You get your required result:
{
"took": 2,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 1,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 0.87546873,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "tests",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0.87546873,
"_source": {
"name": "red yellow"
}
}
]
}
}
The output will not include green yellow . This is because the second document, only matches 1/3 of the query terms, which is below 75%