I need to write a trigger that outputs the first name and last name of employees whose salary have been modified. This trigger will work when the old salary of the employee was less than 10,000 and with the modification, it's bigger than 10,000. This trigger has to be a row trigger
I have written this:
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER print_info
AFTER UPDATE OF salary ON employees
FOR EACH ROW
DECLARE fname employees.first_name%type; lname employees.last_name%type;
BEGIN
IF(:OLD.salary < 10000 AND :NEW.salary > 10000) THEN
dbms_output.put('fname, lname');
END IF;
END;
/
This code compiles and the trigger is created successfully, but when I update an employee's salary, within the trigger requirements, the trigger doesn't execute or doesn't show me anything.
Am I doing something wrong here?
Thanks for your help.
Just add dbms_output.new_line; after the dbms_output.put or use dbms_output.put_line
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER print_info
AFTER UPDATE OF salary ON employees
FOR EACH ROW
DECLARE fname employees.first_name%type; lname employees.last_name%type;
BEGIN
IF(:OLD.salary < 10000 AND :NEW.salary > 10000) THEN
dbms_output.enable;
dbms_output.put('fname, lname '||:NEW.first_name||','||:NEW.last_name);
dbms_output.new_line;
END IF;
END;
Related
Well I have this Procedure:
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE check_salary (job_id employees.job_id%TYPE, salary employees.salary%TYPE)
IS
maxSal NUMBER;
minSal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT MAX(salary) INTO maxSal FROM employees WHERE job_id = job_id;
SELECT MIN(salary) INTO minSal FROM employees WHERE job_id = job_id;
IF maxSal >= salary OR minSal <= salary THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001,'Invalid slary '||salary||'. Salaries for job '||job_id||' must be between '||minSal||' and '||maxSal);
END IF;
END;
This PROCEDURE has two parameters. It checks if the salary of a job_id is between the max and the min of the job.
Now I want to create a TRIGGER.
If INSERT or UPDATE is called on employees I want to execute the prodcedure. But I don't know what I should write as a parameter in the procedure
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER check_salary_trg
BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE ON employees
FOR EACH ROW
DECLARE
BEGIN
check_salary(); --Don't know which parameter I should use
END;
You should use :NEW as New Row and :OLD as Old Row.
But I think it is not useful to create a trigger as BEFORE INSERT.
You may create a trigger as AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE.
Here is an example :
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER check_salary_trg
AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE ON EMPLOYEE
REFERENCING NEW AS New OLD AS Old
FOR EACH ROW
DECLARE
BEGIN
check_salary(:NEW.job_id);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Consider logging the error and then re-raise
RAISE;
END check_salary_trg;
You just need to add the job_id and the salary
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER check_salary_trg
BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE ON employees
FOR EACH ROW
DECLARE
BEGIN
check_salary(:new.job_id, :new.salary);
END;
I am trying to create a PL/SQL script that selects the last name and salary of an employee from the table employees. I have a cursor that stores the data and I fetch the cursor which then inserts the data into a new table called BIG_MONEY. I have a user input that selects the number of employees the loop will run through and the loop ends when it reaches the figure they provided.
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
DROP TABLE BIG_MONEY;
ACCEPT NumberOfStaff
CREATE TABLE BIG_MONEY (
last_name VARCHAR2(10),
salary NUMBER(7, 2)
);
DECLARE V_EMP_ID employees.employee_id%TYPE;
V_EMP_LASTNAME employees.last_name%TYPE;
V_EMP_SALARY employees.salary%TYPE;
CURSOR EMP_Cursor IS
SELECT employee_id, last_name, salary
FROM employees
ORDER BY salary DESC last_name ASC
BEGIN
OPEN EMP_Cursor;
LOOP
FETCH EMP_Cursor INTO V_EMP_ID, V_EMP_LASTNAME, V_EMP_SALARY;
INSERT INTO BIG_MONEY (last_name, salary)
VALUES (V_EMP_LASTNAME, V_EMP_SALARY)
EXIT WHEN EMP_Cursor%ROWCOUNT = '&NumberOfStaff';
DMBS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE
('Employee' || TO_CHAR (V_EMP_ID) || 'last name is' || TO_CHAR (V_EMP_LASTNAME)
|| 'and makes' || TO_CHAR (V_EMP_SALARY) || 'a month');
END LOOP;
CLOSE EMP_Cursor;
What am I doing wrong here? I would assume my logic is correct but the syntax is where I'm making a mistake.
I want to retrieve all the information about each department from the DEPARTMENT table and display the information on the screen.
Column name Data type Constraints
DEPARTMENT_ID NUMBER(5) PK
DEPARTMENT_NAME VARCHAR2(25) NOT NULL
LOCATION_ID VARCHAR2(15)
Sample Output:
Department Details are :
1000, ADMIN, HQ-101
1010, DEVELOPMENT, CBE-103
1020, TESTING, CHN-102
I have a code which is as follows-
set serveroutput on;
declare
v_dno department.department_id%type;
v_dname department.department_name%type;
v_loc department.location_id%type;
begin
dbms_output.put_line('Department Details are :');
loop
dbms_output.put_line(v_dno || ', ' || v_dname || ', ' || v_loc);
end loop;
commit;
end;
/
But this isn't producing any output, please help. Thanks in advance!
Yes, a simple way to do that is to use a loop. But, you're looping through nothing (never fetch anything into those variables) and never exit the loop. Besides, what exactly are you committing?
Here's how you might have done it (based on Scott's DEPT table which is similar to yours):
SQL> set serveroutput on
SQL> begin
2 for cur_r in (select deptno, dname, loc from dept) loop
3 dbms_output.put_line(cur_r.deptno ||' '|| cur_r.dname ||' '|| cur_r.loc);
4 end loop;
5 end;
6 /
10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
20 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 SALES CHICAGO
40 OPERATIONS BOSTON
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
I have created a package and defined a procedure to delete specific rows retrieved by the cursor.
Before the rows were deleted from the table, I want to take a backup of those records every time the package is compiled and I need the backup table to be created as tablename concatenated with sysdate.
ex: if table name is emp, backup table should be created as emp_2020_10_16
Below is the sample code I have created:
PROCEDURE DELETE_REC(
P_retcode NUMBER,
P_errorbuff VARCHAR2,
P_unit_id NUMBER,
P_join_date VARCHAR2
)
IS
CURSOR cur1
IS
SELECT unit_ID,dept_ID,join_DATE
FROM EMP MMT
WHERE MMT.dep_TYPE_ID IN (44,35)
AND MMT.unit_id = P_unit_id
AND MMT.join_date < to_date(P_join_date,'RRRR/MM/DD HH24:MI:SS');
BEGIN
--begin
-- EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'Create table EMP_' || to_char(sysdate,'yyyy_mm_dd') || ' as select * from EMP MMT WHERE MMT.dep_TYPE_ID IN (44,35)
AND MMT.unit_id = P_unit_id
AND MMT.join_date < to_date(P_join_date,'RRRR/MM/DD HH24:MI:SS');
--
-- end;
/*Here i would like to create backup table like above before executing the below delete statement but i am not sure about the correct standards that i should be using for above dynamic statement*/
FOR val IN cur1
LOOP
DELETE
FROM EMP MMT
WHERE MMT.dept_ID= val.dept_id;
How can I backup the table using above dynamic statement in best possible way? I am still learning PL&SQL.
Maybe sth like this would help:
create table employees as select * from hr.employees;
--drop table emp_2020_10_18;
--drop table employees;
----------------
declare
vTabName varchar2(50);
nDept_id number := 10;
nCnt number := 0;
vSQL varchar2(1000);
begin
vTabName := 'emp_'||to_char(sysdate, 'yyyy_mm_dd');
-- check if table exists
begin
execute immediate 'select count(*) from emp_tmp' into nCnt;
exception when others then
nCnt := -1;
end;
-- if not exists create one
if nCnt = -1 then
execute immediate 'create table '|| vTabName||' as select * from employees where 1=2' ;
end if;
execute immediate 'insert into '|| vTabName ||' select * from employees where department_id = :nDept_id' using nDept_id;
delete from employees where department_id = nDept_id;
exception when others then
dbms_output.put_line(sqlerrm);
end;
/
I have an EMPLOYEE table with SALARY field. I'm using Oracle SQL developer. I want to write a trigger so that when someone update salary in EMPLOYEE table, it will update Salary field in EMPLOYEE_SALARIES table as low, medium, high. Here's the second table.
CREATE TABLE Employee_Salaries(
Ssn CHAR(9) NOT NULL,
Salary VARCHAR(10),
Log_Date DATE
);
Here's the trigger and procedure to update the Salary field to low, middle or high.
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE salaryType(x IN NUMBER, y OUT VARCHAR) IS
BEGIN
IF x >= 60000 THEN y := 'HIGH';
ELSIF (x >= 40000 AND x <= 60000) THEN y := 'MEDIUM';
ELSE y := 'LOW';
END IF;
END salaryType;
/
I get compiler error on this trigger. Please tell me what I did wrong or am I missing something.
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER salary1
AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE ON Employee
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
DECLARE
salaryRank VARCHAR(10) := ' ';
salaryType(:new.Salary, salaryRank);
INSERT INTO Employee_Salaries(Ssn, Salary, Log_Date) VALUES (:new.Ssn, salaryRank, SYSDATE);
END;
/
Declaration Part is at wrong place(should be before BEGIN and just after FOR EACH ROW statement of TRIGGER's header), Make it as the following :
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER salary1
AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE ON Employee
FOR EACH ROW
DECLARE
salaryRank VARCHAR(10) := ' ';
BEGIN
salaryType(:new.Salary, salaryRank);
INSERT INTO Employee_Salaries(Ssn, Salary, Log_Date) VALUES (:new.Ssn, salaryRank, SYSDATE);
END;
The keyword BEGIN in the trigger is in the wrong place. It should come after the DEFINE block; that is, after you declare salaryrank and before you invoke the procedure.