Tests annotated with org.junit.Test are not recognized - spring

Question

Whenever I annotate a test with org.junit.Test the test is not recognized during mvn test or mvn clean install .But it's recognized when I annotate it with org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.2.6.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.****.it.daas.apibuilder</groupId>
<artifactId>requestservice</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>Request Service</name>
<description>Request service for RabbitMQ Message Handler</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<start-class>com.*****.it.daas.apibuilder.submitrequestservice.SubmitRequestApplication</start-class>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<!-- UNIT Testing libraries -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
<artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
<version>2.13.0</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
<artifactId>h2</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.powermock</groupId>
<artifactId>powermock-api-mockito2</artifactId>
<version>2.0.7</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.powermock</groupId>
<artifactId>powermock-module-junit4</artifactId>
<version>2.0.7</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- RabbitMQ dependencies -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
<artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- MAILING DEPENDENCIES -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- POSTGRES CONNECTION DEPENDENCIES -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
<artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- HIKARI CP CONNECTION POOLING -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.zaxxer</groupId>
<artifactId>HikariCP</artifactId>
<version>2.6.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- JSON OBJECT -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.json</groupId>
<artifactId>json</artifactId>
<version>20180813</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Google HTTP CLIENT -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.http-client</groupId>
<artifactId>google-http-client</artifactId>
<version>1.23.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
<artifactId>gson</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- Cloud config dependencies -->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.pivotal.spring.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-services-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>2.1.2.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Greenwich.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.pivotal.spring.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-services-starter-config-client</artifactId>
<version>3.1.2.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
</dependency>
<!-- Actuators -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- Security -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
<version>2.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- WEB -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0-M3</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
Is there someway I can ask maven to pick up tests annotated with org.junit.Test ?
Update:- Added full pom.xml for reference
I'm using powermockito as well to stub my static methods.
Please let me know if I can add anything else as well so that it would help you debug the issues

Answer 1

Actually your problem is here
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
by excluding junit-vintage-engine you said that you don't have any junit4 testcases in your application. But it is not the case....
So no need to remove the entire dependency.... just remove the exclusion and your junit4 testcases will run.

Answer 2

From what I can see in pom.xml, there are a couple of redundant dependencies present. The reason org.junit.jupiter.api.Test gets picked is because it is a part of Junit5 and that is added as a maven-dependency with spring-boot-starter-test. Basically, your problem is you are using 2 different version of junit - 4 & 5.
In case, you want to use junit 4, please remove dependency - spring-boot-starter-test and give it a try.
Please let me know the results. Hope this will help in debugging further!

Answer 3

I am assuming, you are running it from IDE, if that's the case, please check that you have not selected Junit5 under "Run Configurations". That option you can find within this dialog,
Hope this helps, please let me know otherwise.

Answer 4

If you want to run the JUnit4 and JUnit5 test simultaneously, you have to currently do it like this:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-4-5</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
<version>5.6.2</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
<version>5.6.2</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0-M4</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
The console output:
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:3.0.0-M4:test (default-test) # junit-4-5 ---
[INFO]
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] T E S T S
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Running pkg.JUnit5Test
[INFO] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.053 s - in pkg.JUnit5Test
[INFO] Running pkg.JUnit4Test
[INFO] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.035 s - in pkg.JUnit4Test
[INFO]
[INFO] Results:
[INFO]
[INFO] Tests run: 2, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
and the tests:
import org.junit.Test;
public class JUnit4Test {
#Test
public void test() {
}
}
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
public class JUnit5Test {
#Test
public void test() {
}
}
In the future version 3.0.0-M5 of Surefire and Failsafe it will be easier for you and no engine will be needed:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
<version>5.6.2</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.13</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>