Exception in Spring JUnit 5 test - spring

Question

I have the following simple class
#Service
public class HearingInterpreter {
private final WordProducer wordProducer;
public HearingInterpreter(WordProducer wordProducer) {
this.wordProducer = wordProducer;
}
public String whatIheard() {
String word = wordProducer.getWord();
System.out.println(word);
return word;
}
}
And the following configuration files
#Configuration
public class BaseConfig {
#Bean
HearingInterpreter hearingInterpreter(WordProducer wordProducer) {
return new HearingInterpreter(wordProducer);
}
}
#Configuration
public class LaurelConfig {
#Bean
LaurelWordProducer laurelWordProducer() {
return new LaurelWordProducer();
}
}
I wrote the following JUnit 5 based test class
#SpringJUnitConfig(classes = {BaseConfig.class, LaurelConfig.class})
class HearingInterpreterTest {
#Autowired
HearingInterpreter hearingInterpreter;
#Test
void whatIheard() {
String word = hearingInterpreter.whatIheard();
assertEquals("Laurel", word);
}
}
When I run the test, I get the following error(s)
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/core/annotation/MergedAnnotations$SearchStrategy
at org.springframework.test.context.support.TestPropertySourceUtils.buildMergedTestPropertySources(TestPropertySourceUtils.java:74)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.buildMergedContextConfiguration(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:386)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.buildMergedContextConfiguration(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:294)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.buildTestContext(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:108)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.<init>(TestContextManager.java:137)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.<init>(TestContextManager.java:122)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExtensionValuesStore.lambda$getOrComputeIfAbsent$0(ExtensionValuesStore.java:80)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExtensionValuesStore$MemoizingSupplier.get(ExtensionValuesStore.java:185)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExtensionValuesStore.getOrComputeIfAbsent(ExtensionValuesStore.java:87)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExtensionValuesStore.getOrComputeIfAbsent(ExtensionValuesStore.java:91)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.NamespaceAwareStore.getOrComputeIfAbsent(NamespaceAwareStore.java:61)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension.getTestContextManager(SpringExtension.java:213)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension.beforeAll(SpringExtension.java:77)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeBeforeAllCallbacks$7(ClassTestDescriptor.java:358)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:72)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassTestDescriptor.invokeBeforeAllCallbacks(ClassTestDescriptor.java:358)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassTestDescriptor.before(ClassTestDescriptor.java:197)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassTestDescriptor.before(ClassTestDescriptor.java:74)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$4(NodeTestTask.java:105)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:72)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:98)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:74)
at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1540)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:38)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$4(NodeTestTask.java:112)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:72)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:98)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:74)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.submit(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:32)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor.execute(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:57)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestEngine.execute(HierarchicalTestEngine.java:51)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:220)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.lambda$execute$6(DefaultLauncher.java:188)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.withInterceptedStreams(DefaultLauncher.java:202)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:181)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:128)
at com.intellij.junit5.JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.java:69)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:33)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:230)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:58)
Suppressed: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/core/annotation/MergedAnnotations$SearchStrategy
at org.springframework.test.context.support.TestPropertySourceUtils.buildMergedTestPropertySources(TestPropertySourceUtils.java:74)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.buildMergedContextConfiguration(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:386)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.buildMergedContextConfiguration(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:294)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.buildTestContext(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:108)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.<init>(TestContextManager.java:137)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.<init>(TestContextManager.java:122)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExtensionValuesStore.lambda$getOrComputeIfAbsent$0(ExtensionValuesStore.java:80)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExtensionValuesStore$MemoizingSupplier.get(ExtensionValuesStore.java:185)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExtensionValuesStore.remove(ExtensionValuesStore.java:101)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.NamespaceAwareStore.remove(NamespaceAwareStore.java:73)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension.afterAll(SpringExtension.java:89)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeAfterAllCallbacks$11(ClassTestDescriptor.java:396)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:72)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeAfterAllCallbacks$12(ClassTestDescriptor.java:396)
at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1540)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassTestDescriptor.invokeAfterAllCallbacks(ClassTestDescriptor.java:396)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassTestDescriptor.after(ClassTestDescriptor.java:221)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassTestDescriptor.after(ClassTestDescriptor.java:74)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:118)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:72)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:118)
... 19 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.core.annotation.MergedAnnotations$SearchStrategy
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:583)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoaders.java:178)
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:521)
... 40 more
My pom file
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>guru.springframework.petclinic</groupId>
<artifactId>tb2g-testing-spring</artifactId>
<version>5.1.0</version>
<name>tb2g-testing-spring</name>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<description>*** FORK FROM ORIGINAL SPRING PROJECT TO DEMO TESTING FEATURES OF SPRING *** A Spring Framework application based on JSP, Spring MVC, Spring Data JPA, Hibernate and JDBC</description>
<url>https://github.com/spring-petclinic/</url>
<properties>
<!-- Generic properties -->
<java.version>11</java.version>
<maven.compiler.source>${java.version}</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>${java.version}</maven.compiler.target>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<!-- Spring -->
<spring-framework.version>5.1.4.RELEASE</spring-framework.version>
<spring-data-jdbc.version>2.0.0.M1</spring-data-jdbc.version>
<!-- Web dependencies -->
<!-- Version update should also be done in wro.xml, petclinic.less and static resources: htmlHeader.tag and footer.tag-->
<webjars-bootstrap.version>3.4.0</webjars-bootstrap.version>
<webjars-jquery-ui.version>1.11.4</webjars-jquery-ui.version>
<webjars-jquery.version>2.2.4</webjars-jquery.version>
<wro4j.version>1.8.0</wro4j.version>
<!-- Java EE / Java SE dependencies -->
<tomcat.version>9.0.14</tomcat.version>
<jaxb.version>2.3.0</jaxb.version>
<activation.version>1.1.1</activation.version>
<servlet-api.version>4.0.1</servlet-api.version>
<javax-jstl.version>1.2.2</javax-jstl.version>
<taglibs-standard.version>1.2.5</taglibs-standard.version>
<!-- Persistence -->
<spring-data-releasetrain.version>Lovelace-RELEASE</spring-data-releasetrain.version>
<hibernate.version>5.4.1.Final</hibernate.version>
<hibernate-validator.version>6.0.14.Final</hibernate-validator.version>
<hsqldb.version>2.4.1</hsqldb.version>
<!-- Logging -->
<slf4j.version>1.7.25</slf4j.version>
<logback.version>1.2.3</logback.version>
<!-- Test -->
<assertj.version>3.11.1</assertj.version>
<json-path.version>2.4.0</json-path.version>
<mockito.version>2.23.4</mockito.version>
<hamcrest.version>1.3</hamcrest.version>
<junit-jupiter.version>5.3.2</junit-jupiter.version>
<!-- Others -->
<jackson.version>2.9.8</jackson.version>
<aspectj.version>1.9.1</aspectj.version>
<!-- Maven plugins -->
<jetty-maven-plugin.version>9.4.14.v20181114</jetty-maven-plugin.version>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-bom</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.version}</version>
<scope>import</scope>
<type>pom</type>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-data-releasetrain</artifactId>
<version>${spring-data-releasetrain.version}</version>
<scope>import</scope>
<type>pom</type>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>${tomcat.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-jasper-el</artifactId>
<version>${tomcat.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl-api</artifactId>
<version>${javax-jstl.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>taglibs-standard-jstlel</artifactId>
<version>${taglibs-standard.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- JSon -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.jayway.jsonpath</groupId>
<artifactId>json-path</artifactId>
<version>${json-path.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- SPRING, SPRING, SPRINGITY SPRING -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-data-jdbc-core</artifactId>
<version>1.2.1.RELEASE</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>*</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<!-- because Spring Data usually comes with a slightly older version of Spring -->
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring-framework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring-framework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- used for EhCacheCacheManager -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring-framework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
<version>${spring-framework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
<version>${aspectj.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>${aspectj.version}</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- Database connection pool
See here for more details on commons-dbcp versus tomcat-jdbc:
http://blog.ippon.fr/2013/03/13/improving-the-performance-of-the-spring-petclinic-sample-application-part-3-of-5/
-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${tomcat.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Logging with SLF4J & LogBack -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
<version>${logback.version}</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- HIBERNATE -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate.validator</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate-validator.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--Java 11 support-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId>
<artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId>
<version>${jaxb.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.sun.xml.bind</groupId>
<artifactId>jaxb-core</artifactId>
<version>${jaxb.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.sun.xml.bind</groupId>
<artifactId>jaxb-impl</artifactId>
<version>${jaxb.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.activation</groupId>
<artifactId>activation</artifactId>
<version>${activation.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.annotation</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.annotation-api</artifactId>
<version>1.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Webjars -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.webjars</groupId>
<artifactId>jquery</artifactId>
<version>${webjars-jquery.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.webjars</groupId>
<artifactId>jquery-ui</artifactId>
<version>${webjars-jquery-ui.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.webjars</groupId>
<artifactId>bootstrap</artifactId>
<version>${webjars-bootstrap.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Test Artifacts -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring-framework.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
<version>${junit-jupiter.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
<version>${junit-jupiter.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
<artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
<version>${assertj.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
<artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
<version>${mockito.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
<artifactId>mockito-junit-jupiter</artifactId>
<version>${mockito.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
<artifactId>hamcrest-all</artifactId>
<version>${hamcrest.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!-- Maven plugin versions are mentioned in order to guarantee the build reproducibility in the long term -->
<build>
<defaultGoal>install</defaultGoal>
<finalName>petclinic</finalName>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>${basedir}/src/main/resources</directory>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
<testResources>
<testResource>
<!-- declared explicitly so Spring config files can be placed next to their corresponding JUnit test class -->
<directory>${project.basedir}/src/test/java</directory>
</testResource>
<testResource>
<directory>${project.basedir}/src/test/resources</directory>
</testResource>
</testResources>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
<configuration>
<compilerArguments>
<Xlint/>
</compilerArguments>
<verbose>true</verbose>
<source>${java.version}</source>
<target>${java.version}</target>
<showWarnings>true</showWarnings>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.22.0</version>
<configuration>
<includes>
<include>**/*Tests.java</include>
</includes>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2.2</version>
<configuration>
<failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.1</version>
<configuration>
<descriptorRefs>
<descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
</descriptorRefs>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!--Specify the encoding for copying resources-->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<configuration>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>ro.isdc.wro4j</groupId>
<artifactId>wro4j-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${wro4j.version}</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>generate-resources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>run</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
<configuration>
<wroManagerFactory>ro.isdc.wro.maven.plugin.manager.factory.ConfigurableWroManagerFactory</wroManagerFactory>
<cssDestinationFolder>${project.build.directory}/petclinic/resources/css</cssDestinationFolder>
<wroFile>${basedir}/src/main/wro/wro.xml</wroFile>
<extraConfigFile>${basedir}/src/main/wro/wro.properties</extraConfigFile>
<contextFolder>${basedir}/src/main/webapp/resources/less</contextFolder>
</configuration>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.webjars</groupId>
<artifactId>bootstrap</artifactId>
<version>${webjars-bootstrap.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--Needed for Java 11-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
<artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
<version>${mockito.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.eclipse.jetty</groupId>
<artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${jetty-maven-plugin.version}</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>HSQLDB</id>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
</activation>
<properties>
<db.script>hsqldb</db.script>
<jpa.database>HSQL</jpa.database>
<jdbc.driverClassName>org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver</jdbc.driverClassName>
<jdbc.url>jdbc:hsqldb:mem:petclinic</jdbc.url>
<jdbc.username>sa</jdbc.username>
<jdbc.password/>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hsqldb</groupId>
<artifactId>hsqldb</artifactId>
<version>${hsqldb.version}</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</profile>
</profiles>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>repository.spring.milestone</id>
<name>Spring Milestone Repository</name>
<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
</project>

Answer 1

The error comes from the spring-test dependency. Actually your build gives a warning about it:
Some problems were encountered while building the effective model for guru.springframework.petclinic:tb2g-testing-spring:war:5.1.0
'dependencies.dependency.(groupId:artifactId:type:classifier)' must be unique: org.springframework:spring-test:jar -> version ${spring-framework.version} vs 5.2.4.RELEASE # line 302, column 15
It is highly recommended to fix these problems because they threaten the stability of your build.
The relevant part of the pom you posted is:
<properties>
<spring-framework.version>5.1.4.RELEASE</spring-framework.version>
<!-- ... -->
<properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring-framework.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- ... -->
<!-- Duplicated, should be removed. -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
As you can see, the artifact spring-test is being declared with two different versions. Removing the last one should be enough for it to work.

Answer 2

You have not added spring-core dependency in your pom so you are getting java.lang.ClassNotFoundException on org.springframework.core try adding that
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring-framework.version}</version>
</dependency>